熟词生义课件

——高考总复习之词汇专题熟词生义一、词汇复习的重要性•阅读对词汇的要求•完形及单选对词汇的要求•写作对词汇的要求•改错对词汇的要求Step1:Leading-in“Withoutgrammarverylittlecanbeconveyed,withoutvocabularynothingcanbeconveyed.”“没有语法,能表达的内容甚少;没有词汇,则什么内容也表达不了。”——DavidWilkinsThesongGangnamStyleturnedouttobeagreathit，whichwasunexpected.A．击中，打击B．袭击C．成功，一举走红命题分析所谓“熟词生义”就是指考生对某些单词的一词多义或一词多性没有全面掌握，在高考单选题、完形填空和阅读理解之中不能正确理解，熟词变成了生词。历年来的高考卷证明“熟词生义”现象在每年高考都会频繁出现，考生对绝大多数单词的前一、二个常用义项比较熟悉，而出现在考卷中的是该词的其他义项就不理解了，导致信息获取不准而丢分。虽然如此，我们也不能抱怨试题超纲，因为高考命题人依据的是考试大纲，而考试大纲中的词汇表只提供了单词的拼写形式和词性，没有给出词义，这就导致了对该词测试的不确定性，可能测试到非教材意义。近几年高考越来越注重考查学生实际运用语言的能力，而熟词生义正好检测了学生运用词汇的能力。这类题目学生一直得分率较低，说明许多考生语感不强，语言体验不够和领悟能力有待进一步提高。问题：所考词汇的生僻意义与其常用意义之间是否有联系？Step2:Stragedieslearning[牵手高考]：——Doyouhaveenoughto___allyourdailyexpenses?——Oh,yes,enoughandtospare.(山东2009)A.coverB.spendC.fillD.offerOnethousanddollarsamonthisnotafortunebutwouldhelpcovermyliving________.(天津2007)A.billsB.expensesC.pricesD.chargesIwasconcernedthatthissimplevehiclecouldletme39longdistancesinafairlyshorttime.(湖北2012)A.marchB.driveC.coverD.measureShecoveredherfacewithherhands.覆盖，掩盖Inordertovisitthemuseum，theycoveredsevenmilesyesterday.走完（一段路）Howmanypageshaveyoucovered?看完Thefirmhardlycoversitscosts；ithasn’tmadeaprofitforyears.够付（费用）AreportercalledJohnwassenttocovertheevent.报道，采访（新闻、大事件）（心里美滋滋）：cover熟义（核心义）：n.盖子，封面v.覆盖，掩盖。生义（引申义）：覆盖完一段路程→走完（一段路程）覆盖完多少页书→看完（多少页书）覆盖掉一些费用→够付（费用）封面→放在封面，放在报纸头版→报道，采访（新闻、大事件）[牵手高考]：Ifoundthefish______surroundedinaseaofcustomers．(福建2010完形第45题)A．farmB．standC．pondD．marketTherestandsanoldtempleontopofthehill.坐落，位于Ijustcouldn’tstandthislifeanymore.忍受，经受Hepointedoutthebanstillstands.仍然有效Afterhearinghispreparedstatement,manyonthecommitteeagreedwithhisstand.观点，立场anewspaperstand，acoatstand，alaunchingstand，afruitstand，ataxistand台，坛，摊，架,站（心里美滋滋）：stand熟义（核心义）：v.站，站立生义（引申义）：建筑物等站立在……→坐落，位于站立不倒→忍受，经受规则、条文等继续站立着→仍然有效思想站立的地方→观点，立场事物站立的地方→台，坛，摊，架[牵手高考]：Oneofthebestwaysforpeopletokeepfitisto______healthyeatinghabits.(湖北2006)A.growBdevelopC.increaseD.raiseHehasdevelopedthehabitofrisingearly.形成，养成（习惯、爱好）Plantsdevelopfromseeds.成长，发育Theyaredevelopinganewproduct.开发，研制Heavydrinkersaremorelikelytodeveloplivercancer.患（病）Wecandevelopyourfilminanhour.冲洗（胶卷）（心里美滋滋）：develop熟义（核心义）：v.（使）发展生义（引申义）：习惯、爱好等发展起来→形成，养成（习惯、爱好）身体、种子逐渐发展起来→成长，发育产品等逐渐发展起来→开发，研制疾病逐渐发展起来→患（病）胶卷逐渐发展出来→冲洗（胶卷）2012--2013第二次质量预测（完型填空）38题：Afterafirelefthimscarred,the25-year-oldman______forthefirsttimeonHunanTV’sNewYearConcertonDec.3,2012.A.sangB.showedC.practicedD.tried41题：“Youmovedmetotearsbytakingoffyourmaskand______onwardinconfidence.”A.walkingB.marchingC.livingD.touring⑴稳步前进⑵walkpurposefullyanddeterminedly（含有某目的和决心）走44题：WhenhiscareerasaSuperBoysingerand____actortookoff,YuHaominggotseriouslyburnt.A.promisingB.confidentC.simpleD.reliable2012福建卷完型填空40题：…childrenfromdifferentracesandreligionsplayedandstudiedtogetherinharmony.Atthattimemyfamilylivedastone’s_____fromIsmail’shome.A.dropB.throwC.moveD.rollthrow:投掷的距离,射程45题：AttimesIsmailwouldaccompanymyfamilyaswemadearareshoppingtriptotown.Wewouldbegladofhis______.A.arrivalB.choiceC.effortD.company47,48题：IstoppedataxiinKualaLumpur.I47mydestination.Thedriveracknowledgedmy___48___buthedidn’tmoveoff.Insteadhelookedfixedatme.“Radar?”hesaid,usingmychildhoodnickname(绰号).47.A.statedB.orderedC.decidedD.chose48.A.attemptsB.instructionsC.opinionsD.arrangements47.state“声明，说明”作者上车后就说出了自己的目的地48.Instructions“指示，指令”司机当然是应按照乘客的指示到其所说的目的地。（攻略）：熟词生义语义规律：“从核心义到引申义”。熟词生义解密宝典：根据构词法根据上下文312从核心义到引申义Step3:Consolidation1．Theawardshouldbeenoughtocoverhertuitionfees．A．覆盖B．走完C．看完D．够付2．Itisreallybadnewsthatafterhisfatherdiedlastyearhismotherdevelopsaterriblediseasethisyear！Howsadheisnow！A．染上B．发展C．冲洗D．开发3．Theagreementmuststand．A．坐落B．忍受C．仍然有效D．站立4．Haveyouenteredyourselfforthesportsmeettobeheldnextweek？A．进入B．加入C．开始D．报名5.Wearelongingforhimtocomebackassoonaspossible．A．盼望B．长C．长久6．Hisjokekilledtheaudience．A．杀掉，害死B．消磨（时间）C．使笑/痛得要死D．使（希望）破灭7．Failuredrovehimtosuicide.A．迫使B．驾驶C．驱赶D．精力8．Hejammedfourapplesinhispocket.A．果酱B．堵塞C．塞进9．ItisherusualpracticetohaveonlytwomealsonSundays．A．练习B．实践C．惯例10.Idon’tthinkyouputitclearly．Wouldyoumindexplainingitagain？A．放，搁B．说，表达C使处于某状态11.Whentakenphotos，oneshouldkeepstill．A．不动的，静止的B．仍然C．而且12.Theaudiencewasdeeplyaffectedbyhislecture！A．影响B．（疾病）侵袭C．感动D．假装13.Herwarningtonearrestedtheattentionofthepublic．A．逮捕B．阻止C．吸引D．休息14.Indeed,thewholeconceptseemedforeigntothem．A．外国的B．不熟悉的C．与…格格不入的15.Shewasfined￡500andbannedfromdrivingforonemonth．A．罚款B．晴朗的C．健康的D．精致的16.Whenyouareseasick，theseaisthelastplaceyouwanttogo．A．最不可能的B．最后的C．过去的D．持续17.Encourageyourchildrentotrynewthings.Buttrynotto_______themtoohard.(全国2009)A.drawB.strikeC.rushD.push18.Someparentsarejusttooprotective.Theywantto_______theirkidsfromeverykindofdanger,realorimagined.(湖北2009)A.spotB.dismissC.shelterD.distinguish19.Thefactthatsheneverapologized________alotaboutwhatkindofpersonsheis.(山东2008)A.saysB.talksC.appearsD.declares20.Thoughhavinglivedabroadforyears,manyChinesestill________thetraditionalcustoms.(湖北2008)A.performB.possessC.observeD.support22.Theresearchlacks________evidence,andtherefore,itsconclusionsared