人教版英语九年级过去完成时

人教版英语九年级过去完成时过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past）”。----|----------------|--------------|------------一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点那时以前那时现在构成：主语+助动词had+过去分词（v-ed）1.Theyhadalreadyhadbreakfastbeforetheyarrivedatthehotel.2.Bynineo’clockyesterdayeveninghehadn’tgothome.3.--Hadyouknownanythingaboutourschoolbeforeyoucamehere?--Yes,Ihad./No,Ihadn’t.4.Whathadyoursisterbeenbeforeshebecameanactress?二、过去完成时的判断依据1.由“过去的过去”来判定。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：WhenIgottothestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.（1）状语从句中（2）宾语从句中当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：Shesaidthatshehadseenthefilmbefore.Theyexplainedwhathadhappened.2.由时间状语来判定一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（1）by+过去的时间点。如：Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo'clocklastnight.（2）bytheendof+过去的时间点。如：WehadlearnedovertwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.（3）before+过去的时间点。如：TheyhadplantedsixhundredtreesbeforelastWednesday.3.根据上、下文来判定。ImetWangTaointhestreetyesterday.Wehadn'tseeneachothersincehewenttoBeijing.Hefeltrathertiredbecausehehadworkedforthewholenight.Workouttherule:Ifwewanttotalkabouttwopastactionsinasentence,thepastperfecttenseisusedforthe(earlier,later)action.earlier当我们谈论两个过去发生的动作时，过去完成时一般用于较早发生的那个动作。判断以下哪个动作哪个发生在前1.Millieranbacktoschoolbecauseshehadlefthermagazineintheclassroom.Whathappenedfirst?a.Millieranbacktoschool.b.Millielefthermagazineintheclassroom.2.Simonleftschoollatebecausethefootballgamehadstartedlate.Whathappenedfirst?a.Simonleftschoollate.b.Thefootballgamestartedlate.3.Danielarrivedoutofbreath---hehadgonetothewrongcinema.Whathappenedfirst?a.Danielarrivedoutofbreath.b.Danielwenttothewrongcinema.4.Amyhadlostherpurseandhadtogotothepolicestation.Whathappenedfirst?a.Amylostherpurse.b.Amywenttothepolicestation.过去完成时典型错误例析：1.昨晚我们看了电影。a.Wehadseenthefilmyesterdayevening.b.Wesawthefilmyesterdayevening.过去完成时所表示的时间是“过去的过去”，只有在和过去某时或某动作相比较时才用到它。如果时间只是一个单纯的过去时间，则句子只能用一般过去时，而不用过去完成时。2．当我到达那儿时，电影已经放了五分钟了。a.ThefilmhasbeenonforfiveminuteswhenIgotthere.b.ThefilmhadbeenonforfiveminuteswhenIgotthere.在过去某一时间或动作之前发生或完成了的动作，要用过去完成时。它的动作的起点为过去，终点也为过去，即“过去的过去”。而现在完成时的动作起点为过去，终点则为现在。3.到上学期末，他们已学会了五首英语歌曲。a.Bytheendoflastterm,theyhavelearnedfiveEnglishsongs.b.Bytheendoflastterm,theyhadlearnedfiveEnglishsongs.bytheendoflastterm意为“到上学期末为止”，显然它是“以过去某一时间为终点的”，故只能用过去完成时态，不用现在完成时态。4.他昨天见到了Ｂill，他们已有两年没见面了。a.HesawBillyesterday.Theyhaven’tmeteachotherfortwoyears.b.HesawBillyesterday.Theyhadn’tmeteachotherfortwoyears.“他们没见面”是到“昨天”为止的（而不是到现在为止），是过去的过去，故后一个句子需使用过去完成时态进行表达。５．李梅很高兴，因为她期中考试及格了。a.LiMeiwasveryglad,becauseshepassedthemid-termexam.b.LiMeiwasveryglad,becauseshehadpassedthemid-termexam.当我们表示某动作或存在的状态发生于过去某动作之前时，那么这个动作或状态要用过去完成时态。句中passthemid-termexam的动作是发生在过去动作wasveryglad之前的，故pass需用hadpassed表示。6.他走进屋,打开灯,然后开始写起来。a.Hehadcomeintotheroom,turnedonthelightandbegantowrite.b.Hecameintotheroom,turnedonthelightandbegantowrite.当按顺序陈述过去连续发生的动作时，我们常常使用一般过去时态。注意：以上几个动作为短暂性动作，动作之间几乎没有时间间断。Homework:1.复习一般过去时、现在完成时、并总结出它们与过去完成时的区别2.完成以下练习用所给动词的正确形式填空．(10’/1)1.Thepoorgirlneversawhergrandpabecausehe________________(passaway)beforeshewasborn.2.She________already___________(clean)theblackboardbeforeIenteredtheclassroom.hadpassedawaycleanedhad句型转换(10’/1)1.Hehadstoodupbeforehecleanedthewindow._________hehadstoodup,hecleanedthewindow.2.HisfatherwenttoBeijing.Hearrivedhome.(用before合并句子)Hisfather________________Beijingbeforehe_________home.Afterhadgonetoarrived按要求改写下列句子．(5’/1)SimonhadfinishedhishomeworkbeforehewatchedTV.否定句：疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：Simonhadn’tfinishedhishomeworkbeforehewatchedTV.HadSimonfinishedhishomeworkbeforehewatchedTV?Yes,hehad.No,hehadn’t.选择题(10’/1)1.Millie_____________someChinesebeforeshecametoChina.A.learnedB.haslearnedC.learntD.hadlearned2.She___________thefirstrunner-upprizeinabeautycontestbeforeshe__________anactress.A.havewon,becameB.hadwon,becomeC.hadwon,becameD.haswon,became改错题(10’1)1.Wehadn’tseensomethinginterestingintheparkbeforelastSunday.2.Whenshewokeupthismorning,itstoppedsnowing.anythinghadstopped翻译题(10’1)1.在我们到达电影院之前，电影已经开始了．2.踢完足球之后我买了瓶果汁．Thefilm_________________________we_____tothecinema._________I_________________football,I_________abottleofjuice.hadbeforegotbegunAfterhadplayedbought用所给动词的正确形式填空．(10’/1)1.He_______________(turnoff)thelightsbeforehelefttheclassroom.2._________yourparents_______(have)lunchwhenyouarrivedathome?hadturnedoffHadhad谢谢