2018年广东省中考英语真题(阅读理解)

2018年广东省中考英语真题（阅读理解）一、阅读理解（共9题；共80分）1.阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。ManypeopleknowthatrubbishisabigproblemonplanetEarth.Whatmanypeopledon'tknowisthatjunk(垃圾)hasbecomeaprobleminouterspacetoo.AccordingtoBBCNews,therearemorethan22,000piecesofspacejunkfloatingaroundtheearth.Andthesearejustthethingsthatwecanseefromthesurfaceoftheearthbytelescopes(望远镜).Therearealsomillionsofsmallerpiecesofjunkthatwecan'tsee.Objects,likebitsofoldspacerocketsorsatellites,movearoundtheplanetatveryhighspeedsfastthatevenaverysmallpiececanbreakimportantsatellitesorbecomedangeroustoastronauts.Ifthetiniestpieceofjunkcrashedintoaspaceship,itcoulddamagethevehicle.Tomakethingsworse,whentwoobjectsinspacecrash,theybreakintomanysmallerpieces.Forexample,whenaU.S.satellitehitanoldRussianrocketin2009,itbrokeintomorethan2,000pieces,increasingtheamountofspacejunk.Toreduceadditionalspacejunk,countrieshaveagreedthatallnewspacetoolscanonlystayinspacefor25yearsatmost.Eachtoolmustbebuilttofallsafelyintotheearth'satmosphereafterthattime.Intheupperpartsoftheatmosphere,itwillburnup.Manyscientistsalsosuggestingdifferentwaystocleanupspacejunk.InEnglandscientistsaretestingametalnetthatcanbefiredintospacejunk.Thenetcatchesthejunkandthenpullsitintotheearth'satmospheretoburnup.TheGermansarebuildingrobotsthatcancollectpiecesofspacejunkandbringthembacktoEarthtobesafelydestroyed.Theproblemisbecomingmorechallengingbecausewe'resendingmoreobjectsintospacetohelppeopleusetheirmobilephonesandcomputers,”saysMarcoCastronuovo,anItalianspaceResearcher.“Thetimetoactisnow.Thelongerweleavetheproblem,thebiggeritwillbecome,”hesays.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”inParagraph2referto?A.Telescopes.B.Satellites.C.Piecesofspacejunk.D.BBCnewsreports.（2）Whyisspacejunkconsideredaproblem?A.Itburnsupafteritre-enterstheatmosphereB.ItoftenstopstheviewoftelescopesonEarthC.ItcouldforcenewspacetoolstotravelatslowerspeedsD.Itmaycrashintootherspacetoolscausingdamageordeat（3）Countrieswantfuturespacetoolstobeabletofallbackintotheearth'satmospheresothat.A.thetoolscanbereusedlaterB.thetoolsdon'tbecomespacejunkC.theearth'satmospherecanstaycleanD.theeffectsofspaceflightcanbestudied（4）HowdotheGermansplantodealwithspacejunk?A.Catchitwithnets.B.Userobotstocollectit.C.Burnitintheearth'satmosphere.D.Senditfurtherawayfromtheearth.（5）Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthisarticle?A.Environment.B.LocalNews.C.Education.D.Fashion.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B（4）B（5）A2.阅读下列短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。CThe14thChineseLanguageCompetitionattractedabout1,100childrenfromkindergartenkidstohighschoolstudents.ThechildrenfromdifferentlanguagesandculturalbackgroundsmetinSanFranciscoandcompetedineventslikeChineseCalligraphy（书法）,drawingandChinesepoetryrecital（背诵）.Thomson,an11th-gradeboyfromJustin-SienaHighSchoolinNapacityofCalifornia,hasstudiedChineselanguageforthreeyears.ItwashardforhimtolearnChineseatthebeginning,becauseitwasoneofthemostdifficultlanguagesintheworld.However,thewritingofChinesecharactersisaformofart,whichmadehimfeeldifferent.It'samazingtoseehowattractiveChinesecultureis.hesaid.Julie,a12th-gradegirlsharedhersimilarexperienceoflearningChineseforfouryears.WhenrecallinghertripinBeijingandShanghai,sheexpressedhugeinterestinsharedbikes.Thesharedbikeisknownasoneofthenew'GreatInventions'ofChina,alongwithChina'sExpressRailwayandAlipayonlinepaymentsystem.TheyamazethewholeworldaspartofChina'srapidrise.Accordingtothehostingorganization,theConfuciusInstituteatSanFranciscoStateUniversity,thecompetitionwasmainlyforAmericanandoverseasChinesekids.Itaimedtosetaplatformtopresent（展示）theirChineselanguageandculturetalents.ItalsohelpedtodeepentheunderstandingofyoungAmericansabouttheChinesecultureandhistory.（1）Wherewasthe14thChineseLanguageCompetitionheld?A.InBeijing.B.InShanghai.C.InNapacity.D.InSanFrancisco.（2）WhatisamongthenewGreatInventionsofChinaaccordingtothepassage?A.Railway.B.Papermaking.C.Thesharedbike.D.Chinesecalligraphy.（3）WhichstatementisTRUEaboutthecompetition?A.Allcollegestudentstookpartinit.B.ItwasnotonlyforoverseasChinesekids.C.ItwashostedbyJustin-SienaHighSchool.D.Studentscompetedindifferentlanguages.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ChineseCultureTalentShowPresented.B.NewGreatInventionsMadeinChina.C.ChineseLanguageCompetitionHeldAgain.D.WaystoLearntheChineseLanguageShared.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）C3.阅读下列短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。EArtificialintelligence（人工智能）,orAIinshort,isthescienceofgivingcomputersandmachinesabilitytothinkandworklikehumans.AIscientistsandengineershavemadealotofcooltechnologies.AIisrapidlycatchingupwiththehumanabilitytoreadfaces.Asaresult,facialrecognition（识别）isusedalotintheworld.Chinesepoliceusethistechnologytoidentifycriminals（罪犯）.Oncetheycaughtacriminalwhenheattendedaconcert.ItalsocheckstheIDofride-hailing（网约车）driversandletspeoplepayforthingswithasmile.AIisalsousedinself-drivingcars,whicharebelievedtobethefutureofdriving.Mostdriversmaywaveornodatpassers-bytoletthemcrossthestreet,butself-drivingcarsdon'thavethisability.Carmakersaretestingalightsignalsystemtohelpthemspeaktohumans.Thesystemcans