幼儿园冬季传染病预防ppt

—关/注/健/康/预/防/季/节/性/疾/病—XXX幼儿园冬季传染病预防ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei感冒水痘手足口病诺如病毒1234轮状病毒流行性腮腺炎麻疹冬季预防传染病要点5678ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei01感冒ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei流行性感冒的防治简称流感，是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病，主要传染源为患者和病毒携带者，在发病前的最初三天，传染性最强。病毒随打喷嚏、咳嗽或说话喷出的飞沫传播。主要表现：❶呕吐❷鼻塞❸高热❹头痛❺腹泻等消化道症状❻咽痛和干咳❼起病急骤❽畏寒❾少数患者可有恶心❿肌肉关节酸痛全身乏力ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei流感和普通感冒的防治•要注意随温度变化选择衣物，注意保暖。•增加户外活动，增强体质，提高抵抗力。•多饮水、多吃水果，适当补充维生素。•要注意幼儿个人卫生，要勤洗手。•注意通风，居家每天开窗通风半小时到一个小时。•尽量避免幼儿出入公共场所。ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei02水痘ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei水痘是由水痘病毒引起的出疹性急性呼吸道传染病，多见于2~6岁幼儿。•空气飞沫经呼吸道传播•也可因接触患儿疱疹内的疱浆通过衣服衣服、用具、玩具传染•传染性较强。一年四季均可发病，多见于冬春季节。•发病时眼结膜、口腔与眼部粘膜皆可发生损害。病后可获得终身免疫。ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei❶传染源•水痘患者为主要传染源，自水痘出疹前1～2天至皮疹干燥结痂时，均有传染性。易感儿童接触带状疱疹患者，也可发生水痘，但少见。❷潜伏期•10～21天。❸传播途径•主要通过飞沫和直接接触传播。在近距离、短时间内也可通过健康人间接传播。ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei水痘预防途径●严格管理传染源。对可疑或确诊为水痘的患者应进行隔离，隔离应持续到全部疱疹干燥结痂时为止。其间，患者一切用物及呼吸道分泌物均应消毒处理，防止易感儿接触病人。●减少集会，防止感染。水痘高发时期，应尽量少去医院及其他公共场所，避免接触水痘或带状疱疹病人，以防感染水痘。学校、幼儿园出现水痘时要停止举办大型活动，减少传播机会。接触过病人要观察21～28天。●注意个人卫生，增强体质。要讲究个人卫生，经常洗澡、换衣服，保持皮肤清洁，勤剪指甲，勤洗手，坚持体育锻炼，增强抗病能力，运动前后注意及时增减衣服，防止着凉。●经常开窗通风，保持空气清新。教室、活动室、寝室要勤开窗保持空气流通。●接种水痘疫苗，提高免疫力。接种水痘疫苗是最有效的预防手段。ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei03手足口病ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei手足口病手足口病是一种儿童常见的传染病，以发热、口腔黏膜疱疹或溃疡、手、足、臀部位皮肤出诊为主要特征，少数患者会出现的严重的并发症，如脑炎、脑干脑炎、急性迟缓性麻痹、肺水肿、肺出血、心肺功能衰竭等。病原体：肠道病毒是引起手足口病的病原体。手足口病绝大多数患者会对感染过的肠道病毒血清型产生保护性抗体，因此，感染同一肠道病毒血清型而重复发病的几率较低。但因多种肠道病毒血清型均可引起手足口病，且相互之间无交叉保护，因此同一儿童可能因感染不同肠道病毒血清型而多次发生手足口病。ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei手足口病症状患儿有轻微的发烧，口腔内部出现水泡，有时会伴有疼痛感，形成口腔的浅表溃疡。病后1——2天，换着的手脚上会出现水泡（多见于患者手指、手心和脚心的皮肤表面）ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei手足口病传播途径手足口病的传染源主要是患手足口病的儿童和病原携带者。接触病人的粪便、疱疹液和呼吸道分泌物（如打喷嚏的飞沫等）及被污染的手、毛巾、手绢、牙杯、玩具、餐具、奶瓶、床上用品等都可能感染；幼儿当然不大可能直接去摸别人的“便便”。但如果一个手足口患儿上了厕所没洗手就摸了玩具呢？幼儿再摸这个玩具的时候就间接接触了患儿的“便便”。或者这个患儿并没有上厕所，但是他手上有疱疹，他用这只手去摸了玩具呢？又或者这个患儿没有用手去摸玩具，但是他打了个喷嚏，而恰好幼儿又离他很近等都可能被感染；——01——02ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei手足口病预防措施●第一点，勤洗手：饭前便后，接触孩子前，处理粪便后均要洗净双手，如有呕吐物要终末消毒；●第二点，勤消毒：每餐清洗、消毒孩子使用的餐具、每天消毒孩子的玩具和其他物品；●第三点，勤通风：每天开窗通风5-6次，每次不少于30分钟；●第四点，勤观察：一旦发现孩子口腔、手、足、臀等部位有皮疹，需尽早就医，及时隔离；●第五点，落实晨检：加强落实晨检制度，发现疑似患儿及时隔离，加强对幼儿巡视；●第六点：手足口病流行期间尽量避免带孩子参加集体活动。ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei04诺如病毒ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei诺如病毒诺如病毒又称诺瓦克病毒，形态较好看，像小糖球。每年10月到次年3月是诺如病毒暴发流行的高发季节。诺如病毒变异快，传播速度也很快，虽然各年龄段的人都易感，但儿童属于高危人群，常容易导致学校、托幼机构等集体单位暴发。诺如病毒：ploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjeiploch1hddqosaidojclk7nwqkjhjzzassiasd1naskh0kjei诺如病毒预防措施●第一点，注意手卫生，尤其在触摸口鼻前、进食或处理食物前、如厕后、呼吸道分泌物或被污染的物品后，应用肥皂水洗手；●第二点，不生食海产品，贝类必须彻底煮熟；生、熟使