量子点单光子源及其制备方法研究进展-王浩

25　4　　　　Vo.l25,No.4　200512PROGRESSINPHYSICSDec.,2005:1000-0542(2005)04-0441-11:2005-11-01:973(G2001039302),(2003A103405),(5300077)(670108)。王浩,廖常俊,王金东,刘颂豪(,510631)　:　。,,、、。、、。:;;;;:O471.1　　　　　　　:A0　引言:,,。0.1　,“”。EPR,,.,。,,。,。。,。,,。0.2　,,,AB。,,。,、[1]。0.3　APD,。2000,InAs(FET),FET,[2]。,,。,,。,,[3]。1　单光子的产生方法,,:1.1　LED,LD。,0.1,[4]。,、,,;。1.2　,。。,。1977[5]。ScienceCs[6]。,,。1.3　,。Rochester(terrylene),。,[7]。442　　251.4　,,,[8]。1.5　,。,[9]。1.6　,,。。,,,。(1)。1　Ⅲ-Ⅴ2　MITCdSe(ZnS)(a)(v)(b-e)[10]1.7　CdSe(ZnS)。,、、、。Auger,。。2004MIT,[10]。2(a)(b-e)。443　4　:1　[4-10]p-i-n4K99%mmp-n10MHz1K99.9%mm(terryleneinp-terphenyl)6.25MHz99.9%10um82MHz4K99.9%5um2　量子点单光子源的研究进展。,。,Toshiba-Cambridge,UCSB,Stanford,Lund[11～17]。2001,StanfordGaAs,877nmInGaAs,。,,,[12]。ZwillerGaAsInP(3)。,。,。,。[17]。3　GaAs(a)。InAsGaAs(b)。(c)[17]444　　25Toshiba-Cambridge。2002LED。GaAsInAsLED,LED10×10μm2,,5×108cm-2。。LED2K、,80MHz[15]。4。4　Toshiba-CambridgeLED(a),(b)(c)[15]5　XX2(a)。[110][1-10]。(b)XX2。[16]2003[16]。,XX2,1.3737eV1.3748eV。,,(5)。:X2-,X0.61ns,XX2,445　4　:X2-,X。,。XX2,(6ad)。,6　XX2。0;0[16]。(6bc)(0)(0)。CLEO/QELS,,1.3μm。,,InAs/GaAs。,,。530K。3　量子点单光子源效率的提高,,。。,38%,,,7　(a)(b)[18]7[18]。MBEInAsp-i-n,,,7,。。7。。,。,1.83LaSFN9,446　　25[19]。8。9,。γ=arcsinan1rn3sin(θ1)-arcsinan1rn2sin(θ1)-arcsinn1n2sin(θ1)+π24　量子点制备方法研究进展MBE、MOCVD,p-i-n,InAsInGaAs。、、、、,[20～46]。,[22]、[23]、[24,25]、[26]、[27]、[28]、、[29-31]。BierwagenInAsInP,InAs、、,[22]。AnantathanasarnInGaAsPInAsAs/P,As/PV/III。InAsGaAsAs/P[32]。InGaAsPInAsGaPAs/P。GaPInAs[33]。MOVPEInAs[34]。,、。,。DupuisMOCVDInAs,,(100)25°,[35]。AsBr3,,447　4　:,,,,[36]。SiInAs[38]。10　X[(a),(d),(g)]、X2[(b),(e),(h)]NSOM,[(c),(f),(i)]。X、X2,XxX[31],,、、。,、EffectiveEquilibriumCrystallineShape[39]。Robert,[40]。Montalenti[41]。JacobiInAsGaAs(113)B,InAs{110}(111)B,,,[42]。InAsGaAs(315)B,[43]。InAs{137}A,,{135}B{112}B{137}A,448　　25,{110}{111}[44]。NSOM,、。Matsuda30nmNSOMGaAs[45]。,。、。,MOCVD[46]。,[47],。5　总结,,、、、、,,。,,。,,。。[1]ZhaoZhi,ChenYu-Ao,ZhangAn-Ning,eta.lNature,2004,430:54-58;PanJian-Wei,BouwmeesterDik,DaniellMatthew,eta.lNature,2000,403:515-519;PanJian-Wei,GasparoniSara,AspelmeyerMarkus,eta.lNature,2003,421:721-725.[2]ShieldsAJ,O'SullivanMP,FarrerI,eta.lApp.lPhys.Let.t,2000,76:3673-3675.[3]DayPK,LeDucHG,MazinBA,eta.lNature,2003,425:817～821.[4],,,.(:03126920.6);,,,.(03247445.8).[5]KimbleHJ,DagenaisMandMandelL.Phys.Rev.Let.t1977,39:691-695.[6]McKeeverJ,BocaA,BoozerAD,eta.lScience,2004,303:1992-1994.[7]LukishovaSG,SchmidAW,SupranowitzCM,eta.lJ.ModernOp.t2004,51:1535-1547.[8]GruberA,DräbenstedtA,TietzC,eta.lScience,1997,276:2012-2014.[9]KimJ,BensonO,KanHandYamamotoY.Nature,1999,397:500-503.[10]BrentFisher,JeanMichelCaruge,DonZehnder,etal,Phys.Rev.Let.t2005,94:087403.[11]MichlerP,KirazA,BecherC,eta.lScience,2000,290:2282-2285.[12]CharlesSantori,MatthewPelton,GlennSolomoneta.lPhys.Rev.Let.t2001,86:1502-1505.[13]ValéryZwiller,HansBlomandPerJonsson,eta.lApp.lPhys.Let.t2001,78:2476-2478.[14]CharlesSantori,DavidFattal,JelenaVukovic.eta.lNature,2002,419:594-597.[15]YuanZhiliang,BeataE,KardynalR,MarkStevenson,eta.lScience,2002,295:102-105.[16]ShieldsAJ,StevensonRM,ThompsonRM,eta.lphys.sta.tso.l(b),2003,238(2):353-359.[17]ZwillerV,AicheleT,HatamiF,eta.lApp.lPhys.Let.t2005,86:091911.449　4　:[18]CharlesSantori,DavidFattal,JelenaVukovi,eta.lNature,2002,419:594-597.[19]Val′eryZwiller,ThomasAicheleandOliverBenson.NewJournalofPhysics,2004,6:1-23.[20]ZhangXB,HellerRD,NohMS,eta.lApp.lPhys.Let.t2003,83:476-478.[21]ManoT,NötzelR,HamhuisGJ,EijkemansTJ,eta.lApp.lPhys.Let.t2002,81:1705-1707.[22]BierwagenOandMasselinkWT.App.lPhys.Let.t2005,86,113110.[23]JinZ,WangB,PengY,eta.lSur.fSc.i1999,423,L211-L214.[24]MendonaCAC,LauretoE,BrasilMJSP,eta.lApp.lPhys.Let.t1998,72,1015-1017.[25]GonzlezL,GarcaJM.,GarcaR,eta.lApp.lPhys.Let.t2000,76,1104-1106.[26]KawaguchiK,EkawaM,KuramataA,eta.lApp.lPhys.Let.t2004,85,4331-4333.[27]GirardJF,DionC,DesjardinsP,eta.lApp.lPhys.Let.t2004,84,3382.[28]YoonS,MoonY,LeeT-W,eta.lJ.Electron.Mater.2000,29,535-537.[29]CarlssonN,JunnoT,MonteliusL,eta.lJ.Crys.tGrowth,1998,191,347-350.[30]MarchandH,DesjardinsP,GuillonS,eta.lJ.Electron.Mater.1997,26,1205-1207.[31]PonchetA.,LeCorreA,L'HaridonH,eta.lApp.lSur.fSc.i1998,123/124,751-754.[32]AnantathanasarnS,NötzelR,vanVeldhovenPJ,eta.lJ.App.lPhys.2005,98,013503.[33]GongQ,NötzelR,vanVeldhovenPJ,eta.lApp.lPhys.Let.t2004,85,1404-1406[34]BhavtoshBansal,GokhaleMR,ArnabBhattacharya,eta.lApp.lPhys.Let.t2005,87,203104.[35]ZhangXB,HellerRD,NohMS,eta.lApp.lPhys.Let.t2003,83:476-478[36]RastelliA,StuflerS,SchliwaA,eta.lPhys.Rev.Let.t2004,92:166104;SongmuangR.,KiravittayaS,andSchmidtOG.App.lPhys.Let.t2003,82:2892-2894.[37]StoffelaM,KaraGS,DenkeraU,eta.lPhysicaE,2004,23:421-427。[38]HwangHeedon,ParkKwangmin,KangJong-Hoon,eta.lCurrentAppliedPhysics2003,3:465-468。[39]TersoffJ,SpencerBJ,RastelliA,eta.lPhys.Rev.Let.t2002,89:196104。[40]RobertE.Rudd,BriggsGAD,SuttonAP,eta.lPhys.Rev.Let.t2003,90,146101.[41]SuzukiT,TemkoY,andJacobiK.Phys.Rev.B,2003,67:045315。[42]MontalentiF,RaiteriP,MigasDB,eta.lPhys.Rev.Let.t2004,93,216102.[43]SuzukiT,TemkoY,XuMCandJacobiK.Phys.Rev.B2