WORD完美格式技术资料专业整理1.ForEnglishisakiller.ItisEnglishthathaskilledoffCumbric,Cornish,NornandManx.TherearestillpartsoftheseislandswheresizeablecommunitiesspeaklanguagesthatweretherebeforeEnglish.YetEnglishiseverywhereineverydayuseandunderstoodbyallorvirtuallyall,constitutingsuchathreattothethreeremainingCelticlanguages,Irish,ScottishGaelic,andWelsh...thattheirlong-termfuturemustbeconsidered...verygreatlyatrisk.因为英语是个杀手。正是英语造成了康瑞克、康尼施、诺恩、曼科斯等语言的消亡。在其中一部分岛上还有相当多的人使用在英语到来之前就已存在的语言。然而,英语在日常生活中无处不在。所有的人或几乎所有的人都懂英语。英语对现存的凯尔特语——爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语及威尔士语的威胁是如此之大,它们的未来岌岌可危。2.Healsoassociatedsuchpolicieswithaprejudicewhichhecallslinguisticism(aconditionparalleltoracismandsexism).AsPhillipsonseesit,leadinginstitutionsandindividualswithinthepredominantlywhiteEnglish-speakingworld,have(bydesignordefault)encouragedoratleasttolerated—andcertainlyhavenotopposed—thehegemonicspreadofEnglish,aspreadwhichbegansomethreecenturiesagoaseconomicandcolonialexpansion.同时,他认为这些政策和他称之为语言歧视(和种族歧视、性别歧视的情况类似)的偏见密切相关。在菲利普森看来,在以白人英语为主导的世界,最重要的机构和个人(有意或无意地)鼓励或者至少是容忍了(肯定没有反对)英语霸权主义式的传播。这种传播始于三个世纪之前的经济及殖民扩张。3.Byandlarge,wenowviewthemasmoreorlessbenign,andoftentalkwithadmirationandappreciationabouttheculturesassociatedwiththemandwhattheyhavegiventotheworld.Anditisfairlysafetodothis,becausenoneofthemnowposesmuchofathreat.总的来说,我们现在或多或少地把这些语言看作有利的语言。在谈到与之相关的文化及其为世界所做的贡献时,我们常怀有崇敬与赞赏,而且这样做也没有太大的风险,因为这些语言现在已不会构成什么威胁。WORD完美格式技术资料专业整理4.YetmanypeopleseeEnglishasablessing.Letmeleaveasideheretheobviousadvantagespossessedbyanyworldlanguage,suchasalargecommunicativenetwork,astrongliteraryandmediacomplex,andapowerfulculturalandeducationalapparatus.然而,许多人把英语看成是一件幸事。在此,我暂且不谈任何世界语言所具有的明显优势,例如广泛的通信网,强大的文化传媒体系,及强有力的文化教育机构。5.English-speakingSouthAfricansofBritishdescentwerenotparticularlystronginopposingtheapartheidregime,andtheblackopposition,whosemembershadmanylanguages,wasatfirstweakanddisorganized.讲英语的南非和英国后裔并不强烈反对种族隔离政权,而黑人反对力量,其成员讲多种语言,在初期软弱无力且缺乏组织。6.Suchsymbolismsuggeststhattheusersoftheworld'slinguafrancashouldseektobenefitasfullyaspossiblefromtheblessingandasfaraspossibleavoidinvokingthecurse.这一象征表明这种世界通用语的使用者应充分发掘这一幸事为我们带来的好处,同时尽能避免招来灾难。7.TheturnofeventsatApplehadnotchangedthatonebit.Ihadbeenrejected,butIwasstillinlove.苹果公司发生的这些事情丝毫的没有改变这一点。我被驱逐了,但是我仍然钟爱我所做的事情。8.Theheavinessofbeingsuccessfulwasreplacedbythelightnessofbeingabeginneragain,lesssureabouteverything.Itfreedmetoenteroneofthemostcreativeperiodsofmylife.WORD完美格式技术资料专业整理因为,作为一个成功者的负重感被作为一个创业者的轻松感觉所重新代替,没有比这更确定的事情了。这让我觉得如此自由,进入了我生命中最有创造力的一个阶段。9.3.Itwasawfultastingmedicine,butiguessthepatientneededit.Sometimeslifehitsyouintheheadwithabrick.Don’tlosefaith.这个良药的味道实在是太苦了,但是我想病人需要它。有时候,人生会用砖头打你的头。不要失去信心。10.RememberingthatyouaregoingtodieisthebestwayIknowtoavoidthetrapofthinkingyouhavesomethingtolose.youarealreadynaked.thereisnoreasonnottofollowyourheart.记住你要死去,是我知道避免陷入认为你已经失去某些东西的思维陷阱的最好方法,你已经一无所有,没有理由不去追随你的内心。11.yourtimeislimited,sodon’twasteitlivingsomeoneelse’slife.don’tthetrappedbydogma--whichislivingwiththeresultsofotherpeople’sthinking.don’tletthenoiseofothers’opinionsdrownoutyourinnervoice.你的时间有限,所以不要浪费时间去过别人的生活。不要被信条所惑——盲从信条是活在别人的思考结果。不要让别人的意见淹没了你内心的声音。12.RightthenIlearnedanotherlesson.Toavoidthatkindofdepressionmeant,inevitably,havingtoendureacertainamountofworryandconcern.就在那时我又得到一条经验。就是要想避免这种郁闷,就不可避免要经受某种担忧和担心。13.Anytime,itseems,thatwesetoutaggressivelytogetsomethingwewant,wemeetupwithanxiety.Anditisgoingtobeourtravelingcompanion,atlastpartoftheway,intoanynewventure.看来任何时候只要我们开始积极努力获取我们想要的东西,我们都会感到焦虑。焦虑将伴随我们进行新的冒险,至少是部分行程的“驴友”。WORD完美格式技术资料专业整理14.Ihadbenefited,Idiscovered,fromaprocesspsychologistscall“extinction”.Ifyouputanindividualinananxiety-provokingsituationoftenenough,hewilleventuallylearnthatthereisn’tanythingtobeworriedabout.我发现我得益于心理学家称之为“消失”的过程。如果你把一个人放在一种使人焦虑的环境中,长此以往,他就会形成一种习惯,最终觉得没有什么值得担忧的了。15.Andeversince,Ihaveneverhesitatedtoheadforeventhemostexoticofplaces,withoutguidesorevenadvancedbookings,confidentthatsomehowIwillmanage自那以后即使是到最不熟悉的地方去,我也不会犹豫。没有导游,甚至没有预定旅馆我也不怕,因为我很自信,我能安排好这一切。16.ButIdon’tletthebutterfliesstopmefromdoingwhatIwant.Acceptanxietyasanothernameforchallengeandyoucanaccomplishwanders.只是我不想让发慌来阻止我去做我想做的事情,把焦虑当作挑战,这样你才能创造奇迹。17.However,justasexceedingthespeedlimitwill,whentrafficpoliceareperformingproperly,leadtoaspeedingticket,sobeinginterviewedforanattractivecareer-entrypositionwill,whentheinterviewerknowswhattolookfor,leaddirectlyorindirectlytothequestion“whyshouldwehireyou?”然而,就像当交警执法时,司机超速就要吃罚单,同样,在面试一份吸引人的、某一行业的职位的时候,如果面试官清楚地知道他们要找什么,就会直接或间接地问这样一个问题:我们为什么要雇用你?”18.Forsomeonewishingtobeginanewcareer,theprospectsarestartingtolooknastyandbrutish,andtheimmediatepictureisdistinctlyshortofjobs,hours,andrewardsfornewemployees.对于那些想要开始新的职业生涯的人来说,前途开始变的险恶和残酷,而眼前的形势就是工WORD完美格式技术资料专业整理作少,时间短,给新员工的工资也减少。19.Otherstudentsmayfindtheiracademicworkdifficultanddemandingenoughwithoutaddingtheheadacheofanticipatingyetmoredemands.其他学生可能认为学业课程已经很难,要求很高了,因此不想再费脑筋去想那些更多的要求了。20.Ifyouareinprogramwithavarietyofoptionalcourses,yourknowledgeofthejobmarket’sdemandswillhelpyoutomakemoreinformeddecisions.如果,在你