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Errorcorrection:错误类型Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addaword,ordeleteaword.Markoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovided.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark(∧)intherightplaceandwritingthemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitoutandputaslash(/)intheblank.(换、增、删)1.逻辑表达错误（语义衔接错误）2.介词使用错误（少介词/多介词/介词错误）3.代词使用错误（代词的复数与单数问题，考虑前后句间的衔接）4.非谓语动词使用错误（ing-ed-原形-todo间的互换）5.主谓语前后不一致错误6.名词的错误（单复数问题/主谓一致问题）7.冠词的错误（多冠词/少冠词/冠词使用错误）8.句子结构的错误（并列结构、复合结构）9.时态语态和语气的使用错误（前后时态不一致/虚拟语气）10.易混淆词的使用错误。（形近意不同）一、逻辑表达的错误真题训练03-6S4S903-9S7S804-1S404-6S604-12S606-1S306-6S1006-12-2378逻辑表达错误是由于某个词语使用不当而造成文章在语义上前后不一致或者矛盾的错误类型，具有难度大、不易发现的特点。这类错误往往需要在考生充分理解全文并具有较强的语言综合应用能力的基础上方可解答。一般来说，逻辑表达错误包括两种类型。第一种是反义词的使用错误，常见的这类错误有：①派生反义词，如：encourage-discourage，load-unload，satisfy-dissatisfy等；②互补性反义词，如：dead-alive，boy-girl，man-woman，male-female，brother-sister，married-single等；③换位性反义词，如：buy-sell，give-receive，lend-borrow，husband-wife，parent-child，left-right等；④相对性反义词，如：easy-hard，big-small，cold-hot，old-young，wide-narrow，love-hate等；⑤按上下文语义，行中多用了not或no，或必须添上not或no。一般错误多在形容词、副词、动词和名词。第二种是连接词的使用错误，包括：①并列连词，如：and，but，for，or等；②主从连词，这类词较多，如：because，(al)though，if，unless，before，after，until，as，while，whereas等；③连接性副词，如：however，moreover，besides，nevertheless，then，thus等；④连接性介词，如：becauseof，despite，besides，insteadof等。例1Recentlymoreandmoreattentionhasbeenfocusedontheproblemofpreservingtheenvironment.ThefactthataGovernmentMinistrycalledtheDepartmentoftheEnvironmenthasbeencreatedshowshowunimportanttheissueisconsideredtobe.1.__________Manyothercountrieshaveestablishedsimilarorganizations.这段文章，所要表达的意思是：人们对环境问题的重视，并成立了环境部，从而意在说明环境这个问题是多么的重要。显而易见，该处的unimportant应该改为具有肯定意义的important。此处错误属于第一种，即反义词的使用错误。例2Inoursocietyallkindsofworkareequallyimportant.Forexample,theworkofacompletelyuneducatedfarmerisinsomesensemoreimportantthanthatofaprofessor:wecanlivewithouteducation,sowedieifwe1.__________havenofood.Thisisasimpletruththateverybodybelieves.Althoughnoonecleanedourstreetsandtookthe2._____rubbishawayfromourhouse,wewouldgetterriblediseasesinourtowns.在这段文章，第一处要表达的意思是：农民的工作在某种程度上甚至比教授还重要，这是因为不受教育我们照样能活下去，但是没有食物我们却无法存活。因此应该将so改为but，这样才符合文章的逻辑。第二处错误，咋看似乎是一个让步从句，然而后文却毫无转折之意，其实它是一个条件式虚拟语句，应该将although改为if。这两处错误均属于逻辑表达错误中的第二种，即连接词使用错误。这类错误比较第一种错误来说，重在考查考生对英语语言的应用方面。通过例题以及解答不难看出，逻辑错误主要是考查学生对整篇文章的理解，一般不容易第一眼便发现，只有我们读完全文或者上下文之后才可以把握。Practice1Therearemanyargumentsforandagainsttelevision.ThepoorqualityofitsprogramisoftencriticizedandTVcommercialsarealsoboring.Sotelevisionisundoubtedly1.__________agreatcomforttomanylonelyandelderlypeople.2Themanagerofalargeofficebuildinghadreceivedmanycomplaintsaboutelevatorserviceinthebuilding,butheengagedagroupofengineerstostudythesituation2.__________andmakerecommendationforimprovement.3Weaskedalady,whorepliedthatshethoughtyoucouldtellawell-manneredpersonbythewaytheyoccupiedthespacearoundthem——forexample,whensuchapersonwalksdownastreetheorsheisconstantlyunawareofothers.Suchpeoplenever3.__________bumpintootherpeople.4Untiltheverylatestmomentofhisexistence,manhasbeenboundtheplanetonwhichheoriginatedanddeveloped.Nowhehasthecapabilitytoleavethatplanetandmoveoutintotheuniversetothoseworldswhichhehasknownpreviouslyonlydirectly.4.__________5OnemajordecisionwhichfacestheAmericanstudentsreadytobeginhighereducationisthechoiceofattendingalargeuniversityorasmallcollege.Thelargeuniversityprovidesawiderangeofspecializeddepartmentsaswellasnumerouscourseswithinsuchdepartments.Thesmallcollege,therefore,5.__________generallyprovidesalimitednumberofcoursesandspecializationsbutoffersabetterstudent-facultyratio,thuspermittingindividualizedattentiontostudents.6MusictheJohnnyhaslearnedtoappreciateasunpleasantisjustdullnoisetoJimmy——andquite6.__________possible,viceversa.7Wearelearning,finally,thatsilenceisanaturalresourceandmustbeprotectedbylaw.Itappearsthatweallfindcompanyinsound,ifweall7.__________demandalittlequietfromtimetotime.8Thefarmerarousedatdownorbeforeitandhadmuchworktodo,withhisownmusclesashischiefsourceofpower.Heusedaxes,spadesand8.__________othercomplicatedtools.9Whetherwomenwhohavestartedacareerwillattainpayequalitywithmenrestsonatleasttwofactors.First,willmostofthemcontinuepart-timeattheirjobsaftertheyhavechildren?A9.__________breakintheiremployment,oradecisiontoworkpart-time,willslowtheirraisesandpromotionsasitwouldformen.10Whethertrueornot,thestoryillustratestheproblemwithidioms.Theyarealmostpossibleto10.__________understandfromthemeaningsoftheindividualwords.AndwithEnglishidioms,eventhesamewordsmayhavedifferentmeanings.答案解析：1.将so改为转折性连词but。虽然前句说电视节目质量遭到批评，并且还有令人讨厌的广告，但是接下来是说对孤寡老人的益处，因此此处表达转折的意思。2.将but改为so。文章并没有表达转折的意思，因为经理收到了许多关于电梯服务的投诉，所以他才做出后面的措施，因此此处应该是因果关系。3.将unaware改为aware。根据后文说这样的人从来不会撞到别人便可看出，他们时刻在注意着别人。4.将directly改为indirectly。根据前文所说，人类先前并没有进入这些宇宙空间而是现在才具有了这种能力，因此不可能是直接而只可能是间接的了解。5.将therefore改为however。根据上文可以看出，此处学院是和大学在做对比，因此是一种转折关系。6.将unpleasant改为pleasant。此句意思是说对于Johnny来说pleasant的