8AUnit8-Natural-disasters知识点

第1页共9页8上Unit8Naturaldisasters一、复习单词表A．拼读易错单词disaster,accident,coach,village,slight,silent,direction,nervous,heart,trapped,daughter,boardB．四会单词（1）词性变化1.disastersview/naturaladj.naturalnatureinthen.nature2.mopafloorwithcleanthen.mopupwaterthemopmoppingmopped/v.mop－－3.lessfearful/fearsthdofearto.fearvfearinothereachatlookn.fear－－4.cn.survivorv.surviveoneofthesurvivors①vi.It’sdifficultforgiantpandastosurviveinthewild.②vt.Timmysurvivedtheearthquakein1999.I’mafraidthetwosickboysmaynotsurvivethewinter.5.mind①n.changeone’smindmakeupone’smind②v.minddoingsth（2）、重点单词用法1.start①开始starttoshake②引起(大火)startabigfire③发动startthecar④创办，组建startaband/factory⑤出发，动身whenareyougoingtostart?2.区别几组词第2页共9页a.livelivelylivingaliveb.excitementexcitedlyexcitingexcited/excitec.oneselftelloneselftalktooneselfsaytooneselfaskd.downcutdownfalldowncomedowncalm3.foggiestfoggier/adj.foggyn.fog－tomorrow.____________muchbeItwilltomorrow._________muchbewillThere9.cover1)coversth2)coverAwithB3)becoveredwith4)becoveredlive4.n.arrivalv.arriveWhatwasthetimeofhisarrival?Whenthevetarrived,thedoghouranhalffordeadbeenhaddiedhad5.hurt-hurt/hurt①vi.Mybackhurt.②vt.Hehurthisleftleg.③adj.be/get(badly)hurt6.－可与表否定的词连用用－不可与表否定的词连almostnearly①nearlythesame②He’salmost/nearlyastallasme.③Almostnothingcanpreventhimgoingthere.二、重要词组、句型用法1.natural词性__________意思是________第3页共9页e.g.自然灾害____________自然科学(n．)______意思是_______e.g.naturereserve意思是_____________Milkisthe__________foodforyoungbabies.牛奶是婴儿的天然食物。2.WhowillmopupthewaterupifIgohomewithoutyou?mop意为__________,过去式__________,现在分词_______mopup意为_________后接的宾语是名词，则名词既可以放在up之前，也可以放在up之后，但如果宾语是代词宾格，只能放在mop和up之间。我们学过的类似词组还有_____________（吃光）,____________（喝光）,___________（烧光）等。Thefloorisallwet.Please__________________.A.mopupitB.mopitupC.cleanitD.tocleanit3.Schoolfootballteamlosesfinal.losefinal意为lose过去式__________,现在分词_______我们队很强，我们不会输掉决赛的。Ourteamisvery.Wewon’t.比赛输给了某人：losethegametosb.我们班赢了足球赛，但输了篮球赛。Ourclassbut.4.Floodwashesawayvillage.洪水冲走了村庄。washvt.洗，冲洗可接双宾语washsb.sth.=washsth.forsb.washaway(水)将某人/物冲走或冲到某处去年洪水把她的儿子冲走了。Thehersonlastyear.5.Lightningstartsbigfireinclassroombuilding.闪电使教学楼着起大火。fire[U]火，火力[C]炉火，火灾v.开火；解雇孩子不应该玩火。Childrenshouldnot.无烟不起火。Thereis.他们在向敌人开火。Theytheenemy.昨天老板解雇了约翰。ThebossJohnyesterday.catchfire着火（强调动作）beonfire着火（强调状态）putoutafire灭火playwithfire玩火fightthefire救火make/light/buildafire生火/点火6.Caraccidentkillsthreemen.三个男子在车祸中丧生。accidentn.事故复数：昨晚有一场车祸。Therewaslastnight.acaraccident交通事故byaccident偶然发生了一起严重事故haveaaccident第4页共9页每年都有许多交通事故。Therearemanyeveryyear.7.fear:词义____________词性_____________beinfear害怕地e.g.Frightenedbytheloudnoise,thechildrenlookedateachother.(害怕地)8.shake:Theearthstartedtoshake.词义_______词性_过去式__现在分词e.g.thebottlewellbeforeuse.使用之前摇匀瓶子。Ifeltaslightshakingthroughmybody.shaking词义___________词性__9.calm:词义_____________词性_________短语：calmdowncalmsb.downe.g.Themother________herexcitedchild_________.母亲使她激动地孩子平静下来。10.since:Somepeoplescreamedbecausetheywereveryfrightened.Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourclass.since词义________词性______用法比较：since表示________________because表示_________________A.间接或附带的原因，往往是众所周知的原因；B.主要原因、有必然的因果关系用since或because填空：Mikewasveryhungryhehadn’teatenbreakfast.we’reyoung,weshouldn’tbetooafraidofmakingmistakes.11.mind:词义____________词性_______短语:changeone’smind改变主意makeupone’smindtodosth下定决心做某事=decidetodosth我爸爸已下定决心戒烟.Myfathertogiveupsmoking.动词:“介意,反对”常用结构:①Would/Doyoumind+形容词性物主代词+doingsth?e.g.我把窗户关上你介意吗??12.Iwassleepingwhentheearthquakestarted.释义：When当…时候表示在某一时刻，译为：“就在那时，突然”这时，主句通常用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时。e.g.IwastryingtofindmywayoutwhenIsuddenlyheardsomenoiseaboveme.翻译：当天开始下雨时,我和朋友们在操场上打篮球.13.Itriedmybesttorunout.句意________________________尽某人的最大努力干某事____________________近义词组:__________________________Weshould(尽全力)tostayinsafeplaceswhentheearthquakecomes.第5页共9页14.“I’mtrapped,”Isaidtomyself.被困住____________________e.g.Fiveworkers(被困)intheminefor10hourslastmonth..15.inalldirections=ineverydirection向四面八方他朝哪个方向跑了？didherunaway?direction名词，“指示，说明”常用复数服药前请读一下说明（书）。Readthebeforeyou.n.指导underthedirectionofsb.在某人的指导下我们在陈老师的指导下完成了这个课题。WetheprojectMr.Chen.directv.指路；指导；导演你可以指给我车站的方向吗？Canyouthestation?16.as…aspossible=as…assb.can/could尽可能···as…as中间加形容词或副词原级。请你让他尽快给我回电话好吗？Couldyoupleaseaskhimback.=Couldyoupleaseaskhimback.我希望你尽早来。Ihopeyoucancome.=.17.hitvt.撞，打击过去式现在分词他的头撞到墙上了。Heagainstthewall.他打了我的背。Hetheback.18.burnn.烧伤，烫伤v.燃烧，烧伤过去式现在分词三单纸容易燃烧。Paper.他把她的信烧了。He.19.nearlyadv.几乎，将近Almost强调“差一点···就···”=verynearly,用于no,none,nothing等否定词前面，但nearly不可，almost不能用not修饰。Nearly表示“接近”，常与almost换用，但在具体数字前常用nearly.not修饰nearly,意为“远非”。几乎没有人相信他。nooneher.他们快旅行结束了。Theyaretheirjourney.20.Myparentscouldnotgethomethatnightbecauseoftheheavysnow.heavy形容词，“大的，密集的”副词：heavily第6页共9页雨下得很大。Itisa.这条街上交通量很大。Thetrafficisvery.“重的，沉重的”这个箱子很重。Theboxisvery.21.sound任何声音[C]光速比声速快得多。Lighttravels.noise噪声[UC]别吵闹！Don’t!voice人的嗓音[C]那女孩嗓音很美。Thegirl.三、语法复习(一)过去进行时1.概念2.构成3.判断方法：一般有过去的具体的点时间，或者一段时间，如：at10o’clocklastnight/atthistimethedaybeforeyesterday/from…to…/between…and…/thewholemorning…a)where_______they________(