公交车自动报站系统的硬件设计原理

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公交车自动报站系统的硬件设计原理摘要本文介绍了一种的公交车自动报站系统的硬件设计原理,提供了一种以AT89C52单片机为核心,控制大屏幕LED点阵显示的硬件设计方案。系统主要通过AT89C52单片机做为系统CPU,处理包括键盘输入和LED显示屏显示站名的所有信号处理。系统扫描到有键按下,判键确定后给CPU一个脉冲信号,然后CPU处理信号,确定所到站的站名,再通过扫描驱动从LED显示屏上显示出所到站的站名。达到半自动报站的作用。整个系统硬件设计包括键盘电路、复位电路、显示驱动电路、显示电路、内存扩展电路模块。其中显示模块是本系统的重点。本系统很大程度上提高公交车报站的准确性,可靠性。提高了公交系统的服务质量。促进城市经济发展和交通变化的和谐发展。关键词:AT89C52单片机;LED点阵;AT24C64;自动报站;TheDesignofAutomaticBusStation-InformerThisarticleintroducesanewmethdetodesignthebus-stopreportingsystem。Itprovidesanewscheme,whichisbasedAT89C52microcomputer,tocontrolthedisplayoftheLEDlattice。ThesystemmainlythroughAT89C52asthecoresystem,controlskeyboard’sinputandLED’sdisplay.Theentiresystemthroughmanualoperationafterreceivingthekeystoasystemscanbuttonpress,Keysubcontractorsthatdeterminedasignaltothemicrocontroller,thenthemicro-processingofsignalsfromtheaccruedvalueaddedtodeterminethereliabilityofstationnames.DrivingthroughthescanningfromtheLEDdisplaybythearrivalstationnames.Reachedsemi-automaticstationsrole.Theentiresystemincludessomemodules;forexample,thekeysubcontractors,thesignalinputmicrocontroller,signalprocessing,LEDDriversandLEDdisplayprogram.LEDdisplayisthefocusofthesystem.Thesystemcangreatlyenhancebusstationsaccuracy,andimprovethequalityofserviceofthetransportationsystem.Itwillpromotethecity'seconomicdevelopmentandtheharmoniousdevelopmentoftraffic.Keywords:AT89C52chipmicrocomputer;LEDlattice;reportingsystem;AT24C64;目录第一章............................................................................................................................11.1绪论...............................................................................................................11.2研究前景及国内外的现有水平...................................................................11.3课题论述和方案确定...................................................................................21.3.1课题任务及设计要求........................................................................21.3.3方案的论述和确定............................................................................3第二章系统硬件设计................................................................................................62.1单片机的选择和外围电路的设计.............................................................62.1.1外部晶振的选用................................................................................62.1.2复位电路............................................................................................72.2按键电路的设计.............................................................................................72.2.1判键及其接口电路设计......................................................................82.2.2键盘的工作方式..................................................................................92.3显示及驱动电路的设计...............................................................................92.3.1显示电路设计....................................................................................92.3.2显示驱动电路设计..........................................................................102.4数据存储器的设计.....................................................................................132.4.1内存扩展电路..................................................................................162.4.2存储器的组织以及运行分析..........................................................152.5串行通信电路的设计.................................................................................16第三章软件设计......................................................................................................203.1串口通信软件的设计.................................................................................203.1.1下位机串行通信.............................................................................203.1.2内存读写程序的设计.....................................................................20第四章总结..............................................................................................................234.1系统功能完善........................................................................................................234.1.1语音控制模块的设计.....................................................................204.1.2抗干扰措施.....................................................................................204.2设计心得..................................................................................................25致谢..........................................................................................................................25参考文献......................................................................................................................26附录..........................................................................................................................27第一章随着科技的不断进步,人们对事物的认知程度已经得到了广泛的提升,在实际生活中,大家都希望能使用简便、智能、人性化的产品。在公交车自动报站方面,由于我国现状,人口众多,口音复杂,对于乘客而言,原来的人工报站存在着很多的问题。为了跟随科技发展,提高公交系统的服务质量,提升城市形象。开发一种能够节省人力和物力,而又能让乘客方便快捷的知道站台报站器就成为一种必然。因此本次毕业设计中提出一个以AT89C52单片机为核心,用LED显示屏显示站名的即经济、高效、直观的公交车到站自动报站系统。1.1绪论随着国民经济的快速发展,城市建设规模不断扩大,大城市人口高度集中并大幅度增长,同时汽车保有量急剧上升,交通需求迅速扩大,而道路交通基础设施建设的发展则相对滞后。城市交通需求和供给之间的矛盾越来越突出,城市“乘车难”、“行车难”的局面在加剧,交通阻塞呈现出点到线、由线到面的扩展趋势,交通拥挤、交通延误、交通阻塞以及由此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