甲醇厂毕业实习报告

科技大学本科生毕业实习报告学生：敏系别：化学与化学工程学院专业：化学工程与工艺班级：化工08-1班学号：0866115123实习地点：蒙西有限责任公司指导教师：于戈文梁倩卿二零一二年三月内蒙古科技大学毕业实习报告I摘要甲醇是一种重要的有机化工原料，应用广泛，可以用来生产甲醛、合成橡胶、甲胺、醋酸等一系列有机化工产品，而且还可以加入汽油掺烧或代替汽油作为动力燃料以及用来合成甲醇蛋白。随着当今世界石油资源的日益减少和甲醇单位成本的降低，用甲醇作为新的石化原料来源已经成为一种趋势。我国“缺油，少气，富煤”的国情决定了以煤为原料生产甲醇燃料是缓解石油供应矛盾较为有效措施之一。中国甲醇工业始于1957年，20世纪90年代以来，甲醇工业发展很快。目前甲醇化工已成为化学工业中一个重要领域，甲醇的消费已超过其传统用途，潜在的耗用量远远超过其化工用途，渗透到国民经济的各个部门，今后甲醇的发展速度将更为迅速。生产甲醇的方法有多种，早期用木材或木质素干馏制取甲醇，也有氯甲烷水解生产甲醇，但价格昂贵，没有得到工业上的应用。目前工业上几乎都采用一氧化碳、二氧化碳与氢气在一定温度、压力和催化剂的条件下合成甲醇。中国富煤贫油，由煤气化制取甲醇合成气是我国目前乃至将来的发展方向。本次实习地点在蒙西甲醇厂，主要参观学习了空分车间、净化车间和合成车间，了解了甲醇合成和精馏的工艺。关键词甲醇资源节约煤气化净化精馏内蒙古科技大学毕业实习报告1AbstractMethanolisanimportantorganicchemicalrawmaterials,widelyused,canbeusedtoproduceformaldehyde,syntheticrubber,aamine,aceticacid,aseriesoforganicchemicalproducts.Butalsocanjoinwithgasolineorinsteadofburninggasolineaspowerfuelusedandmethanolsynthesisofprotein.Withtheworldofpetroleumresourcesandmethanolunitcostdecreasethelower,usingmethanolasnewpetrochemicalrawmaterialsourcehasbecomeatrend.Ourcountrylackofoil,gas,coallessrichconditionswithcoalasrawmaterialtoproducemethanolfueloilsupplyisoneofeffectivemeasures.Chinamethanolindustrystartedin1957,sincethe1990s,methanolindustryisdevelopingveryquickly.Atpresentmethanolchemicalindustryhasbecomeanimportantchemicalindustryfield,methanolconsumerhasmorethanitstraditionaluse,thepotentialconsumptionamountfarmorethanitschemicaluse,permeateeverysectorofthenationaleconomy,thedevelopmentspeedofthemethanolinthefuturewillbemorequickly.Therearemanymethodsofproducingmethanol,earlytousewoodorlignindrydistillationmethanol,alsohavechloridemethanehydrolysisproducemethanol,butthepriceisexpensive,didn'tgetindustryapplication.Nowalmostalltheindustrialcarbonmonoxide,carbondioxideandhydrogeninacertaintemperature,pressureandundertheconditionofmethanolsynthesiscatalyst.China'srichTVCcoal,coalgasificationbymethanolsynthesisisourcountryatpresentandthefuturedevelopmentdirection.TheworksiteinshenhuaMengXimethanolfactory,mainlyvisitlearningtheworkshop,thepurificationworkshopandairsyntheticworkshop,learnedaboutthemethanolsynthesisanddistillationprocess.Keywords:methanolConservationofresourcesCoalgasificationpurificationdistillation内蒙古科技大学毕业实习报告1目录第一章绪论............................................................................................................................11.1蒙西公司简介.............................................................................................................11.2蒙西实习安全教育.....................................................................................................1第二章甲醇生产概述..............................................................................................................42.1甲醇的性质..................................................................................................................42.1.1物理化学属性...................................................................................................42.2甲醇生产技术及制法.................................................................................................42.2.2安全机理...........................................................................................................52.3醇化工作原理及流程简图.........................................................................................5第三章甲醇合成工艺..........................................................................................................73.1概述..............................................................................................................................73.2甲醇合成工艺..............................................................................................................73.2.1并联工艺流程..................................................................................................73.2.2串联工艺流程...................................................................................................83.2.3串/并联工艺流程.............................................................................................83.3合成甲醇工艺流程图..................................................................................................8第四章甲醇精馏工艺..............................................................................................................94.1双塔精馏工艺技术......................................................................................................94.2三塔精馏工艺技术......................................................................................................94.3精馏塔分类..................................................................................................................9参考文献..................................................................................................................................11内蒙古科技大学毕业实习报告1致............................................................................................................................................12内蒙古科技大学毕业实习报告1第一章绪论1.1蒙西公司简介蒙西公司是集团调整产业结构、构建煤焦化板块、调整和优化资本结构、深化股份制改革的主要试点单位，由首钢、宣钢、海矿公司等家共同发起设立于2002年08月，全国第二家、自治区首家采用捣固工艺炼焦的现代化企业，现有70万吨/年捣固焦厂一座，在建300万吨/年煤矿和400万吨/年洗煤厂各一座，控股经营60万吨/年洗