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2016口译入门期末考试范围：30个音频。按音频MP3文件名顺序，排列所有原文和对应翻译——Klamist汇整1.Whydowehaveeyebrows?Thosetinylittlehairsaboveoureyesthatmanywomenpluckinorpaintplayaveryimportantroleinkeepingmoistureoutofoureyes.Justlikeanumbrellakeepsourbodiesdryfromrain,ourhairyeyebrowskeepoureyesdryfromrainorsweat.Whenit’spouringwithrainoutsideorwhensweatrunsdownourforeheads,oureyebrowsdiverttheflowofwaterorsweatawayfromoureyes.Ourarch-shapedeyebrowsangletherainorsweataroundtothesidesofourfaces,leavingoureyesfairlydry.Bycatchingthewaterorsweat,oureyebrowsnotonlyallowustoseemoreclearlybutalsokeepthesaltinthesweatfromburningorirritatingoureyes.Eyebrowshaveotherrolesalso.Asoneofourmostexpressivefacialfeatures,eyebrowshelpusdeterminehowpeoplearefeelingwithouthavingtoaskthem.Ifaperson’seyebrowsaredrawninafrown,thechancesarethattheyareangryorupset.Whatismore,overtheyears,eyebrowshavebeenhavinganincreasingimpactonourconceptsofbeautyorfashion.Big,thick,andhairyeyebrowstendtobeconsideredunattractive,whilethin,pluckedeyebrowsaresaidtobemoreattractive.为什么我们有眉毛在我们眼睛上面的、许多女人会拔或描画的那些细小眉毛，对于使我们的眼睛免受水汽的侵扰起着非常重要的作用。就像雨伞保护我们的身体不被雨水打湿一样，眉毛也保护眼睛不被雨水或汗水打湿。当下雨的时候，或汗水从额头流下，眉毛会引流雨水或汗水远离眼睛。弓形的眉毛让雨和汗从两颊流下，让眼睛完全不被打湿。通过阻挡雨和汗，眉毛让我们看得更清楚，并且组织了汗水中的盐分烧伤或刺激眼睛。眉毛也有其他的用处。作为最有表现力的面部特征之一，眉毛帮助我们判断出其他人的感受，而不需要问他们。如果一个人皱眉，他们很可能是生气或者伤心了。另外，多年以来，眉毛对美丽与时尚的概念越来越有影响。粗大的浓眉并不吸引眼球，而浅小的被拔过的眉毛被认为是比较吸引人的。2.Whyaregirlsnotgoodatmath?Girlsdon'tdoaswellatmathandscienceasboys.Thereareseveralreasonsforthis.Thefirstandmostimportantreasonisthattheyaren'tencouragedtoplaywithtoysthatbuildupinterestinmathandscienceproblemsandthatbuildskillsforproblemsolvingorunderstandinghowthingswork.Girlsareencouragedtoplaywithtoysthatfosterlanguageandhumanrelationsskills.Asaresult,theycangrowupnotknowinghowanengineworksorhowtobuildamodelfromdirections.Second,studieshaveshownthatteachersdon'texpectgirlstobegoodatmath.Evenfemalemathandscienceteacherspaymoreattentiontoboysinclassandcallonboysmoreoften.Becauseteachersdon'texpectgirlstoexcel,theydon'ttryveryhard,andsoongirlsarefarbehindboysinthesestudies.Finally,girlsdon'thavemanyrolemodelstolookupto.Notverymanymathandscienceteachersarewomen,especiallyinthelatergrades.Whenthemediapicturemathematiciansandscientists,theyusuallypicturemen.Asaresult,girlsaren'tinspiredtochoosethesefieldsascareers.Insummary,severalfactorsworktogetherinthehome,inschools,andinsocietyatlargetosendasubtlemessagetogirls.Girlsalmostalwaysgetthemessage;asaresult,fewgirlsexcelatmathandscience.为什么女生不擅长数学和科学呢？女生在数学和科学方面并不像男生那么好。原因有这么几种，首要也是最重要的原因是，她们不被鼓励去玩那些可以培养起数学和科学方面的兴趣的玩具，而且那些过程可以培养起解决问题或者理解事物工作原理的能力。女孩总是被鼓励去玩那些增强语言能力和人际交往能力方面的玩具。结果，她们长大以后就不知道机器是怎样运转的，怎样根据简单的说明去建构模型。第二个原因，研究表明，老师并不希望女孩能够擅长于数学。甚至女性数学老师和科学老师在班里把更多的精力放在男同学的身上，更多的提问他们。老师们不鼓励女生去擅长这些东西，她们于是就不努力，很快她们就在这些方面远远的落后于男生了。最后一点，女生没有很多的典型榜样去效仿。大多数数学和科学老师都不是女性，特别是在越来越高层次的学习生涯中。当媒体上报道一些数学和科学家的时候，通常是以男性为例子。结果，女生就不被鼓励选择这些行业作为职业，总的说来，各种家庭的，学校的，社会的因素综合起来对女生产生了一种很敏锐的影响，女生总是受到这种影响，结果，几乎没有女生能够精通数学和科学了。3.有偿搭车（本篇微难）“上班族”借助网络发帖联络搭乘“顺风车”，这种出行方式最近在北京、上海、深圳等一些大中型城市开始流行起来。Lotsof“officeworkers”leavemessagesontheinternettoaskforahitch-hikingtowork.Ithasrecentlybecomeafashionabletripmodeinsomebigandmedium-sizedcitieslikeBeijing,ShanghaiandShenzhen.一些网站还专门设立了相关的栏目，北京出现了全国第一家顺风车专业门户网站，有需求者只要将自己的出发地和目的地发布上网，就会很容易获得理想的搭乘机会。除此之外，也有一些搭乘者是通过朋友介绍认识的。Somewebsitescreatecolumnsrelatedto“hitch-hiking”.Thefirstprofessional“hitch-hiking”websitewascreatedinBeijing,wherethosewhohavethedemandsoftakingaridemaypublishtheirplacesofdepartureandarrivalsotheycaneasilygetafreeride.Besides,someotherhitch-hikersgetintroducedbytheircommonfriends.与国外一些国家搭顺风车现象有所不同的是，按事先约定，国内的一些搭乘者会以现金或实物的形式给车主一定的补偿，而一些车主也将省钱和挣钱作为提供便利的目的之一。Differentfromthehitch-hikingphenomenaabroad,domestichitch-hikerswill,accordingtotheirpreviousagreement,paythecar-ownersincashoringoodsasacertainformofcompensation,andsomeownersalsotakeitasachancetosavemoneyortomakemoneywhiletheyprovideconvenienceforothers.面对越来越多的汽车污染以及日渐严重的交通压力，“顺风车”的出现无疑是件好事。但随之而来的“有偿搭车”现象却引起了各方的不同看法。Facedwiththeever-increasingautomobilepollutionandtransportationpressures,theappearanceof“hitch-hiking”isnodoubtagoodthing.However,thephenomenonof“chargedhitch-hiking”hasgivenrisetoverydifferentopinions.对此持赞同意见的人认为应该提倡这种做法，因为它既方便了乘车人，也减轻了车主的经济负担，同时还能缓解城市交通压力。Somepeopleareforitandthinkweshouldadvocateit,holdingthatitoffersconvenienceforhitch-hikersandhelpsreducecar-owners’economicburden,meanwhile,itcontributestorelievethecity’stransportationpressure.反对的人则认为私家车收费搭乘他人，严格意义上属于非法营运，由于它没有办理任何证件，干扰了正常的客运市场，政府应加以严格管理。一些保险公司相关人士还认为，一旦发生事故，保险公司有权拒赔，理由是营运车风险比较大，同类型汽车的保险费收费标准，营运车辆要高于私家车。Whilethosewhoareagainstitthinkthatitisillegalforprivatecarstotakepassengersandgetpaid,fortheyhaven’tappliedforlegalcertificatesandbringaboutthedisorderofthenormaltransportationmarket,thereforegovernmentsshouldmakeeffortstogetthemstrictlymanaged.Insurancecompaniesthinkthattheyareentitledtorefusetopaytherelevantcompensationoncethereoccurcaraccidents,becauseoperatingvehiclerunahigherrisk,andcomparedwithvehiclesofthesamekind,theinsurancepremiumishigherthanprivatecars.4.YoYoMaTodaywe’llmeetoneofthegr