搜索
分类号密级中国地质大学（北京）本科毕业设计题目露天破碎喷雾除尘系统设计英文题目TheDesignofSprayingDustRemovingSystemInOpen-crushing学生姓名郝海斌院（系）工程技术学院专业安全工程学号02407116指导教师程五一职称教授摘要1摘要长期以来，粉尘治理始终是安全生产的难题之一。铁矿露天破碎过程中会产生大量的粉尘，使得工作场所达到很高的粉尘浓度，它不仅影响工人的身心健康，造成尘矽病，也对生产造成一定的危害。因此设计一套露天破碎过程的除尘系统是当前铁矿生产中巫待解决的问题之一。本设计在分析研究了目前常用的除尘设备和除尘机理的基础上，选取了喷雾降尘，它结构简单，成本低，并且在露天易于实现，也是目前最经济有效的粉尘防治措施。结合露天破碎过程中粉尘的特点，分析研究了雾化理论、喷雾降尘机理和影响降尘效率主要因素，选取适宜于此处使用的喷嘴类型，然后利用流体力学的知识设计了整个除尘系统的供排水管道系统。利用喷雾除尘效率计算理论，对整个喷雾除尘系统的除尘效率进行计算，结果表明经过喷雾除尘后工作场所的粉尘浓度达到了国家标准的浓度要求。本次设计完成了适宜于露天破碎的喷雾除尘系统的设计，除尘效率达到98%以上，除尘后满足工作场所职业接触粉尘的浓度要求，有效的降低了粉尘对工人的危害和对设备的损害。关键词:除尘；喷雾；露天破碎；ABSTRACT2ABSTRACTDustcontrollingisoneofthedifficultproblemsinsafetyproductionforalongtime.TheOpen-crushingprocessofironorewillproducealotofdust,makingtheworkplacetoachieveahighdustconcentration.Itisnotonlyharmingthehealthofworkers,causingdustpulmonarydisease,butalsocausingdamageontheproduction.Therefore,todesignaDustRemovingSystemfortheprocessofOpen-crushingisoneofissuestobesolvedimmediately.Thedesignselectsprayingdustremoving,basedontheanalysisoftheequipmentofdustremovalandthemechanismofdustremoval,whicharecommonlyused.Ithasmanyadvantages,suchaslow-cost,simpleStructure,andeasytoimplementintheopenair,itisalsoaneffectivedustcontrolmeasures.AccordingtothecharacteristicofdustintheprocessofOpen-crushing,onthebasisofanalyzingatomizationtheory,dustremovingprinciple,andtheinfluencefactorsofdustremovingefficiency,selectthesuitabletypeofnozzle,usedhere.TodesigntheWatersupplypipelinesystemandthesewersystemofthedustremovingsystem,weutilizethetheoryofthefluidmechanics.Utilizingthecalculationstheoryofsprayingdustremovingefficiency,wecalculatetheefficiencyofthesprayingdustremovingsystem,theresultsshowthatdustconcentrationinworkplacereachedthenationalstandardrequirementsafterthesystemused.Thedesignofsprayingdustremovalsystemhasbecompleted,suitableforOpen-crushing,thedustremovingefficiencyis98%orevenhigher.Whenthesystemworks,thedustconcentrationintheworkplaceislowerthanthedustrequiredconcentrationofOccupationalexposurelimits,andtheharmtoworkersanddamagetoequipmentbydustisreducedeffectively.Keywords：DustRemoving;Spraying;Open-crushing;目录1目录1建昌矿业公司概况.....................................................................................................................11.1概况..................................................................................................................................11.2矿区工艺流程及设备......................................................................................................31.3破碎转载点产尘分析......................................................................................................72粉尘性质.....................................................................................................................................82.1粉尘的分类......................................................................................................................82.2粉尘的物理化学特性......................................................................................................82.3粉尘粒度分析................................................................................................................102.4粉尘浓度特征................................................................................................................102.5粉尘的危害....................................................................................................................112.5.1对人体的危害.....................................................................................................112.5.2对生产的危害.....................................................................................................112.5.3对环境的危害.....................................................................................................122.5.4对社会的危害.....................................................................................................122.5.5对经济效益的影响.............................................................................................123除尘方案的确定.......................................................................................................................133.1常用的除尘设备及除尘机理........................................................................................133.1.1重力除尘和惯性除尘.........................................................................................133.1.2电除尘器.............................................................................................................143.1.3过滤除尘器.........................................................................................................163.1.4湿式除尘器.........................................................................................................173.2除尘设备的选择依据....................................................................................................194喷雾除尘系统设计...................................................................................................................204.1喷雾除尘机理概述........................................................................................................204.1.1单一雾滴