牛津译林八年级上册词汇专题复习1.名词词汇填空题考点:1)词性变形:2)变复数:1.直接加s2.以辅音字母+y结尾去y改i加es,如study-studies以元音字母+y结尾直接加s,如boy-boys3.以f,fe结尾去f,fe改v加es,如leaf-leaveswife-wives(初中阶段除了giraffe是直接加s)4.以o结尾有生命的加es,没有生命的+s,如potato-potatoesstudio-studios有生命的:heropotatotomatomango5.以s,x,sh,ch结尾+es,如brush-brushesbox-boxesglass-glassesbeach-beaches(但是stomach-stomachs)6.单复同形:sheep-sheepfish-fish(鱼)Chinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanese7.不规则:man-menwoman-womenmouse-micechild-childrentooth-teethfoot-feet(但是walkman-walkmanshuman-humansGerman-Germans)3)所有格:表示人和时间的名词,要注意所有格,如:tenminutes’work。名词所有格是表示所属关系,有以下三种表达方式:‘s;of所有格;双重所有格of+’s所有格,表示两者共有的,thelilyandlucy’s表示家,店名,诊所等,atthedoctor’s,attheGreen’s;例题:1.Wouldyoupleaseletmeknowthe__________(win)names?I’dbetterwritethemdownnow.解析:根据names,可确定前面应该填一个人,所以把win变为winner。然后根据names复数可知winner也要加s,最后应该是赢家的名字,所以还需加所有格答案:winners’IwonderhowtousethesetwodifferentEnglish-English_____________(字典)correctly.解析:先拼出单词dictionary,然后圈关键词two可知这里应该填复数答案:dictionary2.Mygrandfather,asaJew,didstandtofightagainstthe__________(German)inWWII.解析:根据句意可知应该填德国人,然后应该是填复数,表示与德国人对抗。答案:Germans3.Childrenofyourageareusuallyafraidofmaking____________(speak)infrontofmanypeople.解析:根据短语做演讲,可知这里应该填speak的名词形式speech,然后这里没有限定词,所以要填复数形式表示泛指。答案:speeches4.Noonecanimaginethesacredgirlwaskeptin_____________(silent)anddarkforalmost3hours.解析:根据短语结构介词+名词,可知这里应该填silent的名词形式。答案:silence5.Idroppedsomepaintontothepaper,leavingsomecolourful____________(污点)onit.解析:污点的单词为mark,圈出关键词some,得知这里要填复数。答案:marks2.代词词汇填空题考点:宾格,名词性物主代词,反身代词宾格一般是考一些会有学生误以为是反身代词的题:如:takesthwithsb.只能填宾格,不能填反身代词。Itmayhurtyou.发出者和承受者不是同一人,只能填宾格。名词性物主代词:上一句一定有某人的某物出现,下一句说另一个人的来对比。反身代词:1)主语后面一定是反身代词。2)固定短语:helponeselftobyoneselfkeep...tooneselfenjoyoneself(注意yourselves)3)makeoneselfunderstood/heard例题:Boys,wouldyoupleasecalm__________(you)down?It’snousearguingloudlyhere.解析:圈出you,calm的发出者是you,承受者也是you。确定填反身代词,圈出boys答案:yourselvesYou’dbettertakeamapwith___________(you).解析:圈出with。With的发出者是map,承受者是you,不是同一个人。所以填宾格。答案:youTheworkers_______________(they)arehard-working.解析:圈出theworkers,在主语后面用反身代词答案:themselvesIcan’tspeakJapanese,it’shardtomake_______________(I)understood.解析:圈出短语makesb.understood表示让某人被理解。只有自己才能让自己被理解,所以填反身代词。答案:myselfPleasebecareful,oritwillhurt______________(you).解析:圈出it,hurt的发出者和承受者不是一个人,填宾格。答案:you3.数词词汇填空题考点:基数词与序数词:形式辨析:看后面名词,如果名词是复数,那么就用基数词。如果名词是单数,那么就用序数词(记住千万不能把the当做判断依据)例题:Whichdoyouthinkisthemostusefulinventioninthe_________________(twenty-one)century?解析:圈出关键词century,是单数,所以前面要填序数词。答案:twenty-first分数表示法:例题:Itisclearthat75percentmeansthesameasthree____________(four)答案:fourths表达几十多例题:Thebosssittingbythewindowsetuphisbiggestshoppingmallinhis____________(四十).答案:forties4.介词词汇题考点:注意一些和动词的区分。1.Hesaidhewouldcome(在……之间)5o’clockand6o’clock.2.Kids▲(低于)5yearsoldcan’tplaywiththiskindoftoy.3.Thecharityeventis▲(结束).Weallthinkitisagreatsuccess.4.Iceturnsintowaterwhenthetemperatureis▲(超过)0℃.5.Youneedtoputonmoreclothesbecausethetemperaturewilldroptofivedegrees(在……以下)zero.6.Steven’sexamresultsputhim_____________(在.........中)thetopstudentsoftheclass.7.Whatbadweather!Itissaidthetemperaturewilldrop_____________(以下)30degrees.8.Willwehavethreedays___________(休息)afterthetoughtaskiscompleted?9.Trains_________(在……之间)citiesrunfasterandfasternow.Ittakesshortertimetogoanywhereyouwant.10.---Howlonghastheconferencebeen_________(开始)?---Aboutoneandahalfhours.11.TheSilkRoadspreadoveralargearea.ItwasfromeasternChina,__________(跨越)CentralAsiaandtheMiddleEast,totheMediterraneanSea(地中海).12.Heoftengoestoschool_______(乘)hisfather’scar.13.Look!Thewindowisbroken.Thethiefmustcomein_________(通过)it.14.Kids_____________(低于)10yearsoldcan’tunderstandthisbook.答案:between2.under3.over4.above5.below6.among7.below8.off9.between10.on11.across12.in13.through14.under5.形容词副词填空题考点:形容词修饰名词或者代词,位置:1)名词前2)系动词后3)find/think/keep/makesth.+adj.(做宾补)4)形容词+enough5)复合不定代词+形容词副词修饰动词和形容词,位置:1)行为动词后面2)开头加“,”3)be动词及形容词或者过去分词中间。1.形容词比较级与最高级:比较级标志词:mucheventhanfarthan最高级标志词:oneof序数词后the(范围是三者)ofallin+地点简单音节形容词变比较级:(最高级把er改est)1)直接+er:2)以辅音加y结尾,去y改i加er:如happy-happier3)以重读闭音节结尾,双写尾字母加er,如big-bigger4)以e结尾直接加r,如nice-nicer.5)不规则:much/many-more-mostlittle-less-leastgood/well-better-bestbad/badly/ill-worse-worstfar-farther/further(程度)-farthest/furthest2.反义词:反义前缀:-in:incorrectincompleteindirectinactive-dis:disadvantagedislikedisappeardisagreediscoverdishonestdisableddisability-im:impatientimproperimpossibleimpolite其他用un:3.形容词与副词辨析:可根据句意或位置进行判断(具体参考单选题考点)形容词变副词:1).直接加ly2).以le结尾,去e改y:terrible-terriblycomfortable-comfortably3).以辅音加y结尾,去y改i加ly:happilyluckily4).以e结尾的直接加ly,除了true:completelytruly5).形副同形:hardfastfarearlylate6).有两个副词的:high(形象的)-highly(抽象的)close(形象的)-closely(抽象的)deep(形象的)-deeply(抽象的)wide(形象的)-widely(抽象的)例题:1.Inmanyways,itwasavery_________(新式的)schoolforitstime.解析:modern(注意拼写)2.LittleTomgot_______(patient)ofallthatwaitingatlast.Hecouldn’tstaythereanylonger.解析:got是系动词,后跟形容词,根据句意可知这里要填反义词答案:impatient3.Weweretoonervoustoanswerallthequestions________________(correct).解析:answer是行为动词,可知这里应该填副词,而且根据句意too...to..是太……而不能……,所以是填正确地答案:correctly4.FallinWestHill,Suzhouhasasceneof__________