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TheGreatWallwasbuiltbyChinesepeople.Englishisspokenbythemostpeopleintheworld.ThelightwasinventedbyThomasEdison.Thecityisknownforitsmist.英语动词有两种语态：主动语态(theActiveVoice)被动语态(thePassiveVoice)Whatisit?A.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Weplantedthetree.Thetreewasplantedbyus.一般现在时：am/is/are+done一般过去时：was/were+done当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为can/must/+bedoneThebikeismadeinourfactory.这自行车是我们厂生产的。Thisbookwaswrittenin1969.这本书是1969年写成的。Thebabymustbelookedafterwell.这孩子必须被好好照顾。主变被解题步骤:1.找宾语----即动作的承受者Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.arewere3.判断动词的时态----即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态----即原句动词改为过去分词made5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语.bythem.Theclassroom____________byusyesterday.昨天教室被我们打扫了。wascleanedWecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.昨天我们打扫了教室。一般现在时的被动语态：am/are/is+过去分词1.Peopleplayfootballallovertheworld.2.Mr.Greenteachesusthisterm.Footballallovertheworld.Wethisterm.isplayedbypeoplearetaught(byMr.Green)一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+过去分词3.PeoplebuilttheGreatWalllongago.4.Twoyearsagoweusedthemachinestomakeshoesforchildren.TheGreatWalllongago.Twoyearsagothosemachinesshoesforchildren.wasbuilt(bypeople)wereused(byus)tomake情态动词的被动语态：must/haveto/can等+be+过去分词5.Youmustthrowthebrokenglassawayatonce.6.Wecanfinishourhomeworkontime.Thebrokenglassatonce.Ourhomework___________________ontime.mustbethrownaway(byyou)canbefinished(byus)1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives___________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned(变被动语态）七嘴八舌3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.Theticket____________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.wasfoundwastold3.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused7.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.8.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone9.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.10.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine__________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken11.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.isstudied一些特殊结构的被动结构:（1）感觉动词(hear,see等)改被动语态（2）使役动词(let,make等)改被动语态make,see,hear,watch等，后接不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要还原“to”。如：Isawhimleavethehouse.→Hewasseentoleavethehouse.思考2：IusuallyhearhersingEnglishsongsinthemorning.SheisusuallyheardEnglishsongsinthemorning.tosingHemakesherhorseworkallday.Herhorseismadeallday.Myfatherletmegooutforapicnic.Ioutforapicnic.toworkwaslettogo口诀：这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to离开，被动句中to回来。（hear,let，have,make,see,watch…)•中考被动语态考题1.Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust__dirtythingintoit.(南京市中考题）A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowingC.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowing2.Thisbook__often__fromthelibrary.(北京市中考题）A.aren’ttakeawayB.takenawayC.isn’ttakenawayD.betakenaway3.He_________(tell)toreturnhisbookstothelibraryyesterday.(黄冈市中考题）wastold4.Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear.Trees_______________bypeopletherelastyear.(青岛市中考题）5.Theygrowvegetablesonthefarm.（上海市中考题）Thevegetables_______________onthefarm.Twereplantedaregrown二、用所给词的正确形式填空。(cover,invent,answer,write,return,call)1.Allthequestions_____________correctly.2.Morethantwothirdsoftheearth________withwater.3.OurcityBeijing.4.Allthemagazines_________________totheschoollibrarylastweek.5.Thisnewmachine_____________byMr.Blacklastyear.6.Allthewordsonthebackofthecard.iscoveredwerereturnedwasinventedwasanswerediscalledarewritten5)Exercises:选择填空:1.Windows_____ofglass.A.bemadeB.ismadeC.aremadeD.beenmade2.Thehouse_____in2004.A.isbuiltB.isbuildingC.wasbuiltD.used3.Acoatcan_____forkeepingwarm.A.beusedB.isusedC.beenusedD.usedCCA•4.Watches____Shanghailastlong.A.aremadeinB.ismadeC.aremadefromD.made•5.Thisdeskismade_____wood.A.ofB.fromC.inD.by•6.Thethingsonshowwere____theolddays.A.usedB.usedtoC.usedforD.usedin•7.Silk_____inHangzhouandSuzhou.A.isproducedB.areproducedC.producedD.isproducesAADA用所给动词的正确形式填空：1).Thebike__________(fix)upbyXiaoMingyesterday.2).Sunglasses__________(use)forprotectingpeople’seyes.3).Apicture_________(put)upontheblackboard.4).French___________(speak)inFrance.5).Teenagersshould_________(allow)tochoosetheirownclothes.wasfixedareusedisputisspokenbeallowed用适当的形式填空1.Historyis_________bythepeople.(make)2.Heisoften___________todotheworkbytheteacher.(ask)3.Thebook___________byhimlastyear.(write)4.Theradio______________lastweek.(mend)6.Anewsubway_____________(build)nextyear.10.Thetrains____________(produce)inZhuzhou.11.Youngtreesshould_________(water)often.madeaskedwaswrittenwasmendedwillbebuiltareproducedbewateredGoodbye