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—1—2019湖南中考英语语篇翻译话题1事物介绍6Passage1Somepeoplehavetousepublictransport.Somedislikeitandstillsomeuseit.1.Ifeveryonehasacaranddrivesanywheretheywanttogo,therewillbeserioustrafficproblemsontheroad.Luckily,trainsareagoodformofpublictransport.Britishpeopleusetrainsalot.2.ThisisespeciallysoforpeoplewhoaretravellingfromLondontoParis.Everydayabout20trainsleaveLondon.Theytravelataveryhighspeedandpeoplefeelgladthatthetrainstakeonly2hoursand30minutestoreachParis.3.坐火车比乘公共汽车或汽车快得多。Thisisbecausepeoplehavetodrivecarsorbusesverycarefullyandslowlyformanyreasons,suchasspeedlimitsandtrafficjams.However,whenyouaretravellingbytrain,thespeedisalmostthesameandthereisnotrafficjamforatrain.Besides,Londonersthinktakingatrainisoneofthesafestwaysoftravellingontheground.4.火车在制造过程中进行了相当多的质量测试。Moreimportantly,theywilltakemanysafetychecksbeforetheyareusedontherailtrack.What'smore,trainsinBritainarecomfortableandprovidefineservicesfortheirusers.5.WhenyouareonaLondontrain,youwillfindthatthetrainhascomfortable—2—tablesandseatswherepeoplecansit.Theyalsoprovidefoodservicesandpowerplugs(电源插头)forpersonalcomputersormobilephones.——素材源自作业帮1.___________________________________________________________________2.___________________________________________________________________3.___________________________________________________________________4.___________________________________________________________________5.___________________________________________________________________Passage1【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国人经常使用火车作为他们的交通工具，因为他们认为火车是最安全的陆上交通，而且伦敦的火车提供了非常舒服的座位和优质的服务。1.如果每个人都有一辆车，并且开车他们想去的任何地方，道路上就会出现严重的交通问题。【解析】这是一个条件状语从句，主句是“therewillbeserioustrafficproblemsontheroad”，从句是“Ifeveryonehasacaranddrivesanywheretheywanttogo”，遵循“主将从现”原则。2.对于从伦敦到巴黎旅行的人来说尤其如此。【解析】这是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是people，后面由who引导定语从句。3.It'smuchfastertotravelbytrainthanbybusorbycar.【解析】本句是一个固定句型“it's+adj.+todosth.”。句中涉及比较级需用than；比……快：faster。—3—4.Trainstakequiteanumberofqualitytestswhiletheyaremade.【解析】这是一个由while引导的时间状语从句。主句中“Trains”为主语，“take”为句子的谓语动词，“quiteanumberof”作定语修饰“qualitytests”，while引导从句。5.当你在伦敦火车上时，你会发现火车上有舒适的桌子和座位，人们可以坐在那里。【解析】这是一个含有定语从句的时间状语从句。从句是“WhenyouareonaLondontrain”主句是“youwillfindthatthetrainhascomfortabletablesandseatswherepeoplecansit”；在主句中又含有一个定语从句，先行词是tablesandseats，后面由where引导定语从句。Passage2Eachculturehasitsowntaboos（禁忌）.Whereveryoutravel,neveroffend（冒犯）thelocalpeople.InFrance,youmustspeakFrench.Don'texpecttocommunicatebyspeakingEnglish.1.法国人以他们的语言为荣。Theydon'tlikespeakinganotherlanguageinsteadofFrenchathome.Don'trushwhileeating.2.Ifyoueatyourfoodquickly,Frenchpeoplewillthinkyouareimpolite.TheFrenchalsotakegreatprideintheirfood,soenjoywhatyoueat.3.众所周知，法国午餐要持续三个小时！InRussia,youshouldleavehomewithoutacreditcard:youprobablywon'tfindanyplaceswhereyoucanuseyourcreditcard.Cashistheking.4.Ifyoubringsomeoneflowers,youshouldmakesurethebouquets（花束）haveanodd（奇数的）number.Even（偶数的）numberedbouquetsarepreparedfordeadpeople.—4—InIndia,don'tcomplainaboutthefood.Youcanjustleavethefoodthatyoudislike,butdon'toffendthepeoplewhoserveyoufood.5.Alsopeopleusuallydon'ttalkwhileeatinginIndia.1.___________________________________________________________________2.___________________________________________________________________3.___________________________________________________________________4.___________________________________________________________________5.___________________________________________________________________Passage3【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在法国、俄罗斯和印度这三个国家的文化禁忌。1.TheFrenchareproudoftheirlanguage.【解析】这是一个简单句。以……为荣：beproudof。2.如果你吃得快，法国人会认为你不礼貌。【解析】这是一个条件状语从句，主句是“Frenchpeoplewillthinkyouareimpolite”，从句是“Ifyoueatyourfoodquickly”。3.Frenchlunchesareknowntolastforthreehourslong!【解析】这是一个含有固定搭配的简单句。众所周知：beknownto...；持续：lastfor。4.如果你给别人送花，你应该确保花束是奇数。【解析】这是一个条件状语从句，主句是“youshouldmakesurethebouquets（花束）haveanodd（奇数的）—5—number.”，从句是“Ifyoubringsomeoneflowers”。makesure确保。5.此外，在印度，人们吃饭时通常不说话【解析】这是一个while引导的时间状语从句。Passage3Everyyearon15thOctober,over200millionpeoplearoundtheworldtakepartinGlobalHandwashingDay.1.Butwhydowehaveadayforsomethingwedoallthetime?Well,researchshowsthatnotenoughpeopleoftenwashtheirhandswithsoap.2.Expertsbelievethatthisleadstothedeathsofmillionsofpeopleeveryyear.Sidibe,apublichealthexpertsayssoapis‘themostbeautifulinventioninpublichealth’.3.用肥皂洗你的手可以减少疾病的传播。However,washinghandswithsoapdoesnothappenasoftenasyoumightthink.Thisispartlybecausetherearen'tenoughresources（资源）inpoorercountries,butit'salsobecauseformanypeople,handwashingissimplynotpartoftheireverydaylife.4.要让人们改变他们小时候学到的习惯是不容易的。ButthisiswhatGlobalHandwashingDaywantstodo.In2008,theIndiancricketteamjoinedaround100millionIndianschoolchildreninwashingtheirhandstopromote（促进）thefirsteverGlobalHandwashingDay.Everyyearsincethen,manydifferenteventshavebeenheldaroundtheworld.In2014,GlobalHandwashingDaywasusedinthefightagainstEbola,averyseriousdisease,witheventsheldinaffected（受感染的）Africancountries.—6—5.Today,localandnationalleaderscontinuetousethedaytospreadtheimportanceofcleaninghands.Thehopeisthathandwashingbecomesanecessarypart