法律英语常用词汇

整理文档很辛苦,赏杯茶钱您下走!

免费阅读已结束,点击下载阅读编辑剩下 ...

阅读已结束,您可以下载文档离线阅读编辑

资源描述

一、法律英语常用词汇Otherwise1.inthisAct,unlessthecontextotherwiserequires,........除非(本法案上下文)文义另有所措2.anypersonwhobythreats,persuasionorotherwise....任何人通过威胁、说服或者其他手段3.Nocontractshallberevokedotherwisethan除非有....,合同不能撤销Providedthat1.Providedthatthereisabreachbytheseller,thebuyershallbeentitledtoadamageofUS$400.如果=if卖方违约,卖方应向买方给付400美元的损害赔偿。2.forthepurposeofparagraph(4)only,thetermbeneficialownermeans.......,providedthat...仅就第四段而言,“受益所有人”是指...,但是=but...Forthepurpose(s)of1.Forthepurposeofprotectingtherightsoftheseller,...为了保护卖方的权利2.ForthepurposeofArticle3,PartyAmaysendthenotificationtoPartyBforapproval.为履行第三条,甲方可以向乙方寄送通知以核准3.Forthepurposesofthiscontract,Chinameans...就本合同而言,中国的意思是...NotwithstandingNotwithstandinganypracticetothecontrary,.....尽管实践中存在相反做法,....Where1.Whereadefendantisfinedandthesameisnotpaid,thecourtmayorderanauctionofcertainproperty凡是被告被罚款,而没有给付罚金,法院可拍卖被告的某些财产2.Inanyofthefollowingcases,damageshallbeawaredwhere:(a)....(b)....不译(省略)有下列情形之一的,可授予损害赔偿金SubjecttoSubjecttothissection,anappealshallbebroughtinsuchmanner,andshallbesubjecttosuchconditionsasdescribedinArt.3在符合本节规定的条件下,....受到第三条中规定条件的约束(制约,限制)Withoutprejudiceto1.Withoutprejudicetosection24,thefollowingshallbetreatedasproperlyexecuted.在不影响第24节规定的情况下,在不违反第24节规定的情况下,2.withoutprejudicetoyourowndiscretions,Iherebyauthorizeyoutotakethefollowingactions,...在不损害、影响贵方的自由裁量权的情况下,本方在此授权贵方采取以下行动......Inrespectof=withrespecttoThelicensorshallconductalllegalproceedingsinrespectofanyinfrigementofthelicensedtrademark.授权人必须对一切授权商标的侵权行为采取所有的司法程序“就...而言”,“对于”Save/exceptasprovided...SaveasisprovidedinthisAct,....除非本法另有规定二、法律英语背景知识Sourceoflaw法律渊源ConstitutionStatuteAct:singlestatute单行法Code:comprehensivestatute法典Bill:legislativeproposal法案,立法草案CaseLaw法院必须执行制定法,制定法可以改变甚至废除普通法规则但是解释法律时就是指定法律,任何制定法必须合宪Administrativeregulation行政立法Courtsystem-threetiered三层法院系统Trialcourt初审法院诉讼第一站,陪审团、法院审理,决定法律问题和事实问题Appellatecourt上诉法院只审查法律问题,而不审查事实问题判决结果Affirm维持原判Reverse撤销原判Remand发回重审(上诉法院将案件发还给初审法院,要求初审法院按其指示对案件进行有限制的重审或完全重新审理或采取其他进一步措施)Jurisdiction管辖权一个法院对一个案子进行审理并作出判决的权利Original.../Appellate...FederalJurisdiction联邦管辖权联邦法,宪法,海商法诉美国联邦政府或其官员;诉大使或者外国代表;一州诉另一州或者另一州的公民,另一州的政府诉外国政府一州国民诉另一州国民或其政府联邦法院系统DistrictCourt联邦地区法院一州范围内,CircuitCourtsofAppeals联邦巡回上诉法院中间上诉法院SupremeCourt最高法院大部分是上诉审,仅对如下案件有一审审判权:美国一个州诉其他州,涉及大使或其他官员------Writofcertiorari联邦最高法院签发给下级法院要求其将某一案件的诉讼记录移交给其审查的一种特别令状,是它选择复审案件的工具------Certificate法院签发给另一法院的说明在本法院中发生的事项或所采取的措施的书面通知Authority法律根据TypeofauthorityMandatorypersuasivePrimary有管辖权(jurisdiction)时没有管辖权时Secondary除非被立法采纳,从来不是通常是PrimaryAuthorityCasereporter判例汇编商业(westgroup);官方(美国联邦法院系统、州法院系统)CitationAv.B,327N.W.2d457,460(wis.1980)当事人姓名判例汇编卷号法院判例汇编的缩写版次起始页终止页pinpointcitation作成年份Statute,code,billAdministrativeregulations,ConsititutionSecondaryresourceLegalencyclopediasLegalperiodicalsAmericanLawReportsRestatementsUniformLawandModelActsStaredecisis先例拘束力原则TopreservetheharmonyandstabilityLikecase,liketreatment垂直型先例拘束力原则,水平性先例拘束力原则Distinguish:下级法院基于一些虚拟的不同点,注重于两者的区别,而不适用先例......他州先例可能被选择适用,但是并非先例拘束力原则的表现,因为他州先例没有拘束力一致意见(concurringopinion)一般是其后相类似案例的先例,但是,同意意见(concurringopinion)不是先例,因为虽然同意多数法官作出的判决,但对判决依据提出了不同理由Procedures诉讼程序Complaint诉状原告提出,说明诉讼理由,对事实作出肯定性陈述Demurrer/Motiontodismiss被告主张在法律上不足以支持原告的诉讼请求,提出抗辩,即便事实是真的Motionforsmmaryjudgment当事人对案件的主要事实不存在真正的争议或案件仅涉及法律问题时,动议要求法院不经过审理而及早解决案件的一种方式。要经过的程序:诉答(pleadings)/披露(discovery)Answer答辩状AppellateProcedure上诉审上诉理由:--------法官在法律问题上犯了错误--------陪审团判的损害赔偿金过高,败诉方要求法官重新审理,或者对损害赔偿部分重新审理三、怎样读案例TheCompositionofCaseThecaption:basicinformationofplaintiffanddefendant;TheCaseCitation:sourceofthecase;Theauthoroftheopinion:J.,C.,C.J.,V.J.,percuriamThefactsoftheCase:nosetrules;usuallylegallyimportantfactspresented;ThelawoftheCase:fromgeneralprinciplestoapplicationthereoftotheparticularfacts;Constitution---Statutes---Commonlaw;publicpolicy---statute---commonlawHoldinganddicta:thecoreofthecase;TheDisposition:affirmv.reversefollowv.distinguishv.overrulefindv.holddismissv.remandrulev.sayarguev.stipulateConcurringand/ordissentingOpinions:veryimportantandbasisforappeal.WhattoLookForWhenReadingaCaseAcarefulunderstandingoffacts:issue-spottingskills;thestartingpointforanylegalreasoning;Anunderstandingoftheargumentsofthetwoparties:theroleofthecourtisapassiveandneutralarbiter;theleadingroleoflawyersinacase;Anunderstandingoftheresultandreasoningofthemajorityopinion:acriticalmindandnohurrytojumptoconclusion;anevaluationofallrelatedfacts;Thepossibleeffectandscopeofthecourt’sdecision:theproblemsofarule;theambiguityandvaguenessofcasedecision:toknowwhatyoudonotknowandlearntojudgeproblems.HowtoSpeedReadaCaseStep1:Readthecasename.Step2:Readthefirstparagraphortwotounderstandwhothepartiesareandtheissuethatbroughtthemtocourt.Mostcaseswillgivetheproceduralhistory,partiesandissuesinthefirsttwoparagraphs.Step3:Readthefirstsentenceofeachparagraph.Byreadingeverytopicsentenceofeveryparagraphyoushouldgetanideaofthestructureandgeneraldirectionthatthecaseisgoingtowards.Step4:Readthelastparagraphortwosothatyouunderstandtheholdinganddispositionofthecase.THEELEMENTSOFBRIEF

1 / 6
下载文档,编辑使用

©2015-2020 m.777doc.com 三七文档.

备案号:鲁ICP备2024069028号-1 客服联系 QQ:2149211541

×
保存成功