12020.9月(卷一)茅台:茅台(Moutai)是中国最有名的白酒,在新中国成立前夕,被选为国宴用酒。据说赤水沿岸的村民四千年前就开始酿茅台。在西汉时期,那里的人们生产出了高质量的茅台,并把它贡给皇帝。自唐朝开始,这种地方酒通过海上丝绸之路运往海外。茅台味道柔和,有一种特殊的香味;适量饮用可以帮助缓解疲劳,有镇静作用,因而广受国内外消费者的喜爱。参考译文:MoutaiisChina’smostfamousliquorwhichwasselectedasthedrinkfornationalbanquetsrightbeforethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.ltissaidthatthevillagersalongtheShishuiRiverstartedtomakeMoutai4,000yearsago.IntheWestHanDynasty,thepeopleproducedMoutailiquorofsuperiorquality,whichwaspaidasthetributetotheemperor.SincetheTangDynasty,thislocalbeveragehasbeenshippedoverseasbythemarinesilkroad.Moutaifeaturesmildflavouranduniquefragrance,andhelpsrelievefatigueandachievetranquilityiftakenproperly,thuswinninggreatpopularityamongdomesticandforeignconsumers.(卷二)北京烤鸭:你如果到北京旅游,必须做两件事:一件是登长城,另一件是吃北京烤鸭。闻名遐迩的北京烤鸭曾仅限于宫廷,而现在北京数百家餐厅均有供应。北京烤鸭源于600年前的明代。来自全国各地的厨师被挑选出来到京城为皇帝做饭。人们认为在皇宫做饭是一种莫大的荣誉,只有厨艺出众者才能获得这份工作。事实上,正是这些宫廷厨师使北京烤鸭的烹饪艺术日臻2完善。参考译文:IfyoutravelinBeijjing,youmustdotwothings:climbingtheGreatWallandtastingBeijingroastduck.Thewell-knownBeijingroastduckusedtobeavailableonlyintheimperialcourt,butnowissuppliedinhundredsofrestaurantsinthecity.BeijingroastduckoriginatedintheMingDynasty600yearsago,whenchefsfromallpartsofthecountrywereselectedtocookfortheemperorinthecapital.Peoplebelievedthatit’sagreathonourtocookinthepalaceforonlythosewithoutstandingcookingskillscouldbeofferedthejob.Infact,it’stheseroyalchefswhohavegraduallyperfectedthecookingofBeijingroastduck.(卷三)茶:茶拥有5000年的历史。传说,神农氏(ShenNong)喝开水时,几片野树叶子落进壶里开水顿时散发出宜人的香味。他喝了几口,觉得很提神。茶就这样发现了。自此,茶在中国开始流行。茶园遍布全国,茶商变得富有。昂贵雅致的茶具成了地位的象征。今天,茶不仅是一种健康的饮品,而且是中国文化的一个组成部分。越来越多的国际游客边品茶,一边了解中国文化。参考译文:Teahasahistoryof5,000years.OnelegendgoesthatwhenShenNongwasabouttodrinksomeboiledwater,afewwildtreeleavesfellintothekettleandgaveoffsweet3fragrance.Hedrankalittleandfounditveryrefreshing,whichledtothediscoveryoftea.Sincethen,teabecamepopularinChina.Teagardensappearedeverywhere,teamerchantsbecamerich,andexpensiveandgracefulteasetevenbecameasymbolofsocialstatus.Today,teaisnotonlyahealthydrinkbutalsopartoftheChineseculture.MoreandmoreinternationaltouristsbegintounderstandtheChinesecultureastheydrinktea.2020.7在中国火锅已有2000多年的历史,最早流行最寒冷的地区,然后在很多地区盛行,出现了具有地方特色的种类。吃火锅时,家人和朋友围坐在桌边,桌子中间放着热腾腾的火锅。吃火锅时,人们可以根据自己的口味放肉,海鲜,蔬菜和其他配料,自己烹饪。人们可以一边尽情地聊天,一边享受美餐。【参考译文】Hotpothasahistoryofmorethan2,000yearsinChina.Itfirstbecamepopularinthecoldestregionsandgraduallybecamepopularinmanyregions,withtheemergenceofvarietieswithlocalcharacteristics.Whenhavinghotpot,familyandfriendsgatheraroundthetablewithasteaminghotpotinthemiddleofthetable.Accordingtopersonaltaste,peoplecanputvegetables,seafood,noodlesandotheringredientsintothepotandthencookitbythemselves.Theycanfullyenjoythemealwhilechattingwithothers.2019.64(卷一)剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种独特形式,已有2000多年历史。剪纸很可能源于汉代,继纸张发明之后。从此,它在中国的许多地方得到了普及。剪纸用的材料和工具很简单:纸和剪刀。剪纸作品通常是用红纸做成的,因为红色在中国传统文化中与幸福相联。因此,在婚礼、春节等喜庆场合,红颜色的剪纸是门窗装饰的首选。【参考译文】PapercuttingisauniqueformofChinesetraditionalfolkartwithahistoryofmorethan2,000years.PapercuttingprobablyoriginatedintheHanDynasty,followingtheinventionofthepaper.Sincethen,ithasbeenspreadwidelyinmanypartsofChina.Thematerialsandtoolsforpapercuttingaresimple:paperandscissors.Papercuttingworksareusuallymadeofredpaper,becauseredisassociatedwithhappinessintraditionalChineseculture.Therefore,inthewedding,theSpringFestivalandotherfestiveoccasions,redpapercuttingisthefirstchoiceofdoorandwindowdecoration.(卷二)舞狮作为中国传统民间表演已有2000多年历史。在狮子舞中,两位表演者同披一件狮子服,一个舞动头部,另一个舞动身体和尾巴。他们熟练配合,模仿狮子的各种动作。狮子也是兽中之王,象征幸福和好运,所以人们通常在春节和其他节日期间表演狮子舞。狮子舞也可能出现在其他重要场合,如商店开业和结婚典礼,往往吸引许多人观赏。【参考译文】LionDancingisatraditionalChinesefolkperformancewithahistoryofmorethan2,000years.IntheLionDancing,twoperformersshareonelioncostume,oneperformermovestheheadofcostume,theothermoveshisbodyandtail.Theyworktogetherskillfully,imitatingthelion’smovements.Thelionisalsothekingofanimals,symbolizinghappiness5andgoodluck,sopeopleusuallyperformtheLionDancingduringtheSpringFestivalandotherfestivalsandholidays.LionDancingcanalsobeseenonotherimportantoccasions,suchastheopeningceremonyofashopandweddingceremonies,oftenattractinglargeaudience.(卷三)灯笼起源于东汉,最初主要用于照明。在唐代,人们用红灯笼来庆祝安定的生活。从那时起,灯笼在中国的许多地方流行起来。灯笼通常用色彩鲜艳的薄纸制作,形状和尺寸各异。在中国传统文化中,红灯笼象征生活美满和生意兴隆,通常在春节、元宵节和国庆等节日期间悬挂。如今,世界上许多其他地方也能看到红灯笼。【参考译文】Lanterns,whichoriginatedfromtheEastHanDynasty,wasfirstusedforlighting.IntheTangDynasty,theywereusedtocelebratethepeacefullife.Fromthenon,lanternshavebecomepopularinvariouspartsofChina.Alanternisusuallymadeofthinpaper,invariouscolours,shapesandsizes.Redlanternssymbolizehappylifeandprosperousbusiness,traditionalChinesecultureandthusarehungupinholidaysandfestivalssuchastheSpringFestival,LanternFestivalandNationalDay.Today,redlanternscanbeseeninmanyplacesoftheworld.2019.12(卷一)中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是,姓总是在前,名跟在其后。千百年来,父姓一直世代相传。然而,如今,孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说,名有一个或两个汉字,通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么6样的人,或者期望他们过什么样的生活。父母非常重视给孩子取名,因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。【参考译文】ThefullnameofChina’sHanethnicgroupismadeupoffamilynameandgivenname.OnecharacteristicoftheChinesenameisthatthefamilynamealwayscomesfirst,followedby