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基础自主梳理│考点分层突破│单元能力提升Unit1Friendship专题11正反解读并列连词和状语从句正面解读│反面解读│实战演练1.[2018·全国卷Ⅰ]Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysitismoreeffectiveatlengtheninglifewalking,cyclingorswimming.正面解读【答案】than【解析】考查比较句型。句意:跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的moreeffective可知此处填than。高考链接正面解读2.[2017·浙江卷6月考]Pahlssonscreamedloudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.【答案】so【解析】此处是“so…that…”结构,表示“如此……以至于……”。正面解读3.[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]Overtime,thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.【答案】as/when【解析】句意:随着时间的推移,当人口增长的时候,人们开始把大块食物切成小块,以便更快地煮熟。故填as或when,表示“当……的时候”。正面解读4.[2016·浙江卷自选模块]Ididn'tknowherthen,I'veheardlotsofherstories.【答案】Although/Though/While【解析】句意:尽管那时我不认识她,但听说过许多关于她的故事。根据两句之间的逻辑关系可知用although/though/while引导状语从句,表示“虽然……”,首字母大写。正面解读5.[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.【答案】and【解析】China,Japan,Korea和Vietnam为并列关系。考点一并列句的4种类型①Shesaidshewouldbelate,yetshearrivedontime.她说她会迟到,但她却准时到达了。②—Peter,pleasesenduspostcardssowe'llknowwhereyouhavevisited.—Noproblem.“彼得,请发给我们明信片以便我们能知道你参观过的地方。”“没问题。”正面解读考点归纳正面解读[温馨提示]①表并列、递进或顺承关系用:and,both…and…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso…②表转折、对比关系用:but,yet,while③表选择关系用:or,otherwise,orelse,either…or…,not…but…④表因果关系用:so,for(表“由于”,一般不放在句首)考点二祈使句+and/or+陈述句句式①Findwaystopraiseyourchildrenoften,andyou'llfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou.正面解读=Ifyoufindwaystopraiseyourchildrenoften,you'llfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou.如果你经常找方法表扬你的孩子,你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。②Hurryuporwewillbelate.=Ifyoudon'thurryup,wewillbelate.快点儿,否则我们就迟到了。③Afewmoreeffortsandyouwillsucceed.=Ifyoumakeafewmoreefforts,youwillsucceed.再努力些,你会成功的。正面解读[温馨提示]and与or/otherwise用于并列句,表示顺承关系用“祈使句+and+陈述句”,表示转折关系用“祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句”。考点三时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有when,whenever,as,while,before,until,not…until…,eversince,assoonas等。①Hedidn'tgotobeduntilitwas12o'clocklastnight.他昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。②Tomwasabouttoclosethewindowwhenhisattentionwascaughtbyabird.汤姆正要关窗户,这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。正面解读③ThemomentIheardthevoice,IknewFatherwascoming.我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。[温馨提示]①when通常意为“当……时候,正在那时……”;beabouttodo…when…意为“正要……这时……”。while从句中只能用延续性动词,意为“在……期间”。as表示主句和从句的动作几乎同步进行,意为“一边……,一边……;随着……”。②before意为“在……之前;还没来得及;很久……才;……不久就”。③until在肯定句中,表示“到……为止”;在否定句中,常与not连用,表示“直到……才开始”。正面解读④assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant等,常译为“一……就……”。⑤nosooner…than和hardly…when/before引导的从句表示“刚……就……”。主句一般用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。若把nosooner,hardly提到句首,主句需要倒装。⑥特殊的时间状语从句的连词有:everytime每当,每次;thefirsttime第一次……的时候;nexttime下次……时。正面解读考点四条件状语从句条件状语从句通常由if,unless,as/solongas等连词引导。此外,oncondition(that)(只要),provided(that),providing(that)(假若;倘使),supposing(that)等也可以引导条件状语从句。①Youcangoswimmingonconditionthatyoudon'tgotoofarfromtheriverbank.只要不离河岸太远你就能去游泳。②Supposingitrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?假设明天下雨我们要做什么呢?正面解读考点五地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由连词where和wherever引导,从句可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后。①Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremainwhereshewasandwaitedforhermother.那个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她的母亲。②Keepintouchwithyourfamilymemberswhereveryouareintheworld.不管你在世界上的什么地方,都要跟家人保持联系。正面解读考点六让步状语从句让步状语从句通常由although/though(尽管,虽然),eventhough/evenif(即使);whether…or…(不管……还是……);疑问词+-ever(不管……;无论),如whatever,whoever,whichever,however,whenever,wherever等;nomatter+疑问词(不管……;无论……)。①Evenifhedidsayso,wecouldnotbesurethathewastellingthetruth.即使他真的这样说,我们也不能确定他说了真话。②Althoughbirdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.虽然鸟儿用它们的羽毛来飞行,但是有些羽毛也可用作其他用途。正面解读③Whatever/Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwillnotbelieveyou.无论你说什么,我都不会相信你。④Difficultasthetaskwas,theymanagedtofinishitintime.虽然这项任务很难,但他们还是设法及时完成了。[温馨提示]as引导让步状语从句时要用倒装语序,though引导时则可用倒装语序或自然语序。从属连词while也可以引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然,尽管”。考点七原因状语从句原因状语从句常用because,since,as引导,还可用seeingthat(既然),nowthat(既然),consideringthat/who/how…(考虑到……),inthat(因为),notthat…正面解读butthat(不是因为……而是因为)等引导。①Nowthatthey'vegottoknoweachotheralittlebetter,theygetalongwell.由于彼此之间有了进一步了解,他们相处得不错。②Johndidquitewellinhisexamsconsideringhowlittlehestudied.考虑到约翰才学了那么一点儿,他考得已经很不错了。考点八结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so…that…,such…that…。在非正式语体中,由so…that…,such…that…引导的句子中的that可以省略。正面解读①Heissuchalearnedpersonthatweadmirehimverymuch.=Heissolearnedapersonthatweadmirehimverymuch.他如此有学问,以至于我们非常赞赏他。②Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark.天气如此晴朗,以至于我们都想去公园。③Hewassocleverastudentthathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.=Hewassocleverastudentastobeabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.他是一个如此聪明的学生,以至于他能够解决所有难题。正面解读考点九方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as,asif,asthough等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。其中asif或asthough引导的从句常用虚拟语气,但如果从句中所陈述的情况与事实相符或很可能实现,可不用虚拟语气。①Thepastyearhasbeenblottedoutasifithadneverbeen.去年的事已被淡忘,好像从未发生过一样。②Thehousewasgreatlydamagedbythetruck.We'dbetterleavethingsastheyareuntilthepolicearrive.卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持现场原样直到警察到来。正面解读考点十目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的从属连词有sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase(that)/lest等。①Whenhegoesout,heoftenwearssunglassessothat/inorderthatnobody/noonecanrecognizehim.他出门的时候常戴着墨镜,以便没人能认出他。②Theboyhidhimselfbehindthetreeincase/forfearthathisfathershouldseehim.那个男孩藏在树后面,以防他父亲看到他。误区之一并列连词的误用(1)【误】IwasabouttoleavewhileIfoundsomeonetryingtostealaman'smoney.【正】IwasabouttoleavewhenIfounds