人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习(含答案)

人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习（含答案）1/18Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.SectionA1.Youshouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.Cleanup意为“彻底打扫；清除”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语动词，后面跟名词作宾格时，名词放在up前后均可，后面跟代词作宾格时，代词应当放在up前面。e.g.Heoftenhelpsparentscleanuptheroomsonweekends.2.Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.Cheerup意为“变得更高兴，振奋起来”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语，cheerup既可以作及物动词短语，也可以作不及物动词短语e.g.HecheeredupatoncewhenIagreedtohelphim.Cheerup!Thenewsisn’ttoobad.Hetookhertothecinematocheerherup.【拓展】1）cheer作不及物动词，意为“欢呼；喝彩”e.g.Thegirlscheeredasthefamoussingerarrived.2)cheer作及物动词，意为“为···欢呼，高呼”e.g.Thewholevillageturnedouttocheerthehero3)cheer作可数名词，意为“欢呼声，喝彩声”e.g.Wecanhearthecheersofstudentsoutsidethegym.4)cheeron意为“为···加油”e.g.Wewillhaveabasketballgamethisafternoon.Wouldyouliketocomeandcheeruson？【现学现练】Hefailedinthemathtestandlookssad.Let’s_______A.puthimupB.sethimupC.cheerhimupD.cleanhimup人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习（含答案）2/183.Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.Giveout意为“散发，分发”，相当于“handout”，是“动词+副词”的短语动词e.g.Canyougiveoutthedrinksout,please?【拓展】Giveout的不同含义：1）giveout表示“发出（光、热、声音、气味等）e.g.Thesungivesoutlightandheattotheearth.2)giveout表示“用完，耗尽”e.g.Ourfoodsuppliesbegantogiveout.4.Thegirlcouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids.Volunteer动词，意为“志愿做，义务做”，后可跟名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语e.g.Jennyvolunteeredtocleanuptheroomafterparty.【拓展】Volunteer作可数名词，意为“志愿者”e.g.CanIhaveavolunteertocollecttheglasses?5.Wecan’tputoffmakingaplanPutoff意为“推迟”，是“动词+副词”的短语动词，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语e.g.Theyputoffthematchbecauseoftheheavyrain.Pleasedon’tputoffdoingyourhomework.Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.【拓展】由put构成的常见短语有：Putaway将···收起来puton穿上；上演putdown放下；记下Putout熄灭；伸出putback放回原处putup张贴；搭建人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习（含答案）3/186.Let’smakesomenotices,tooNotice此处作可数名词，意为“公告牌；通告；布告”e.g.Thereisanoticeonthewall,saying“NoParking”I’llputupanoticeaboutthemeeting.【拓展】1）notice作不可数名词，意为“注意”e.g.Takenoticeofwhattheysay.2)notice作动词，意为“注意到，留心，看到”e.g.DidyounoticeJackcomein?7.TheytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobeUsedto意为“过去···，曾经···”，后跟动词原形，表示“过去常常做某事”，指表示过去和现在的对比，暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态e.g.Heusedtoworkinthehospital.Hedidn’tusetowalkaftersupper.【拓展】1)beusedtodosth.意为“被用于做某事”，不定式表目的e.g.Thebookisusedtoteachushowtowrite.2)beusedfor+n./v.ing表示“被用于···”e.g.Astampisusedforsendingletters.3)get/beusedtodoingsth.e.g.Heisusedtoeatingoutallthetime.8.Yeah,alotofoldpeoplearelonely.Lonely是形容词，充当表语，指“孤独的”，用于人时，表示一种心理状态，突出内心孤独寂寞的感觉，侧重缺少同伴友谊而感到孤独、寂寞。含忧郁之意。e.g.Hefeltverylonelywithouthisfriends.人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习（含答案）4/189.···giveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.Several作形容词，意为“几个，数个”，修饰可数名词复数e.g.Severaldayslater,Grandmacametothelibrarytoborrowsomebooks.【拓展】Several作代词，意为“几个，数个”e.g.Excuseme,haveyougotanybooksaboutsports?---Yes,we’vegotseveral.Severalofuswentthere.10.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowner’sfaces.1)Feeling在此用作可数名词，意为“感觉；感触”e.g.I’vegotabadfeeling.Itwasagreatfeelingwhenawildanimalshowsyouaffection.Feel还可用作连系动词，意为“觉得，感觉到”e.g.Ifeltverytiredafterrunning.2)satisfaction为不可数名词，意为“满意，满足”，其反义词是dissatisfaction.e.g.Shesmiledinsatisfaction.【拓展】Satisfaction（名词，满意）----satisfy（动词，使满意）----satisfied（形容词，满意的）1)besatisfiedtodosth.意为“对做某事感到满意”e.g.Hewassatisfiedtowinthematch.2)besatisfiedwith意为“对···感到满意”e.g.Shewasnotsatisfiedwiththeresult.3)joy在此用作不可数名词，意为“高兴；愉快”e.g.Lifeisalwaysfullofjoy.Hejumpedupwithjoy.人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习（含答案）5/184)owner可数名词，意为“物主，主人”e.g.Heistheownerofthecar.【拓展】1)own形容词，意为“自己的”，一般用于形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后以加强语气。e.g.Isawitwithmyowneyes.2)own及物动词，意为“有；拥有”，相当于have.e.g.Heownsabighouse.3)ofone’sown.意为“属于某人自己的”e.g.AtlastI’vegotabighouseofmyown.11.Thekidsaresittinginthelibrary,butyoucanseeintheireyesthatthey’regoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook.Journey意为“旅行；行程”，可数名词，一般指长途旅行e.g.Lifeisalongjourneyfrombirthtodeath.12.Ourclassistryingtocomeupwithsomeideastocheerupsickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.Sick形容词，意为“生病的；有病的”，其反义词为well.e.g.Hissisterwassickwithacold.Sick作形容词时，还可表示“（想）呕吐的，恶心的”e.g.IalwaysfeelsickwhenItravelbyship.Thesmellmakeshimsick.【拓展】Sick与ill的辨析：Sick指“生病”时主要用于英式英语，可作定语也可作表语，表示“恶心；呕吐”时只用作表语e.g.Heisasickman.Hebegantofeelsickassoonastheshipstartedtomove.Ill指“生病”时，主要用于美式英语，只用作表语，一般不作定语人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习（含答案）6/18e.g.Heisillandstaysinbed.13.Forexample,wecanmakeplanstovisitsickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Raise作及物动词，意为“筹集；征集”e.g.Theywanttoraiseenoughmoneyforbuildingaschool.【拓展】raise的其他用法：1)作及物动词，意为“举起，抬起”e.g.Pleaseraiseyourhands!2)作及物动词，意为“种植”e.g.Theirfamilyraisedalotofcorn.3)作及物动词，意为“饲养，供养”e.g.Shelikestoraiseadog.14.Iwanttotravelalone.Alone作副词，意为“单独地；独自地”e.g.Helikeslivingalone.1)alone作副词，用在名词或代词之后，意为“只有；仅仅”e.g.Healoneunderstandsme.2)alone作形容词，意为“独自的；单独的”e.g.Shewasaloneinthedarkroom.【拓展】Alone与lonely辨析Alone表示“单独的；肚子的”，指一个人或事物与其他的人或事物分开，不含感情色彩。e.g.HeisaloneintheclassroomLonely表示“孤独的，寂寞的”，指人时含有浓重的感情色彩，即因缺少朋友、同情、亲情而产生的一种孤独、悲伤和忧郁的感情。e.g.Shehasfewfriendshereandfeelslonely.人教版英语八年级下unit2讲解与练习（含答案）7/18SectionB1.I’verunoutofit.Runoutof是“动词+副词+介词”的短语，of后接宾语，主语通常是表示“人”的名词，也可用于某种能消耗物品的机器等，意为“···用完了···”e.g.I’verunoutofpaper.【拓展】1)runoutof可表示“从···跑出来”的意思e.g.Thedogrunoutofthe