新课标高考英语第一轮复习教案第28讲阅读理解一

一.教学内容：阅读理解（一）二.教学目标：1、掌握阅读题中五大题型2、结合练习掌握解题技巧三.教学重难点：如何根据阅读理解题考查角度的不同，采用不同的解题技巧1.细节理解2.猜测词义3.推理判断4.主旨大意5.观点态度阅读理解专项复习（一）一、高考命题趋向及规律1.语篇选材多为时文，题材多样化，信息丰富。2.坚持把阅读技能作为考查目标。3.语篇的字数逐年增加，加强对考生阅读速度的要求。4.增加了生词量，加大了推断词义能力的考查。5.考点分布格局恰当，试题设计合理，干扰项编制水平高6.语篇逻辑上经得起推敲，而且在“深度”上也达到较高层次。二、阅读策略1.先看题干，带着问题读文章2.速读全文，了解大意知主题3.详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络4.逻辑推理，做好深层理解题5.猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎6.巧用排除法答题，注意检验答案三、解题技巧我们可将阅读理解题归纳为以下五大题型，根据阅读理解题考查角度的不同，采用不同的解题技巧来应对。（一）细节理解：本类试题主要考查学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。问题包括询问人（who）、物（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）、原因（cause）、结果（effect）、文中的数据（data）等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等常常考查这些细节。常见的提问形式有：1.Accordingtothepassage,who/what/which/when/where/why/how/howmany/howmuch/howlong/howsoon/howoften,etc.?2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue/nottrue?3.Accordingtothepassage,Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?4.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT___.5.Inthepassagethewriterstatesthat____.6.Choosethebestorderinwhichthepeopledo________.此类试题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到,但不可能与阅读材料一模一样。SampleⅠThishugedamisintheBlackCanyon.Itispossibletodriveacarfromonesideoftherivertotheotheronaroad，whichisonthetopofthedam.Thisdamissobigthatthereisanelevatorinside.……ThishugedamwascalledBoulderDamwhenitwasfinishedin1936.LateritwasrenamedHooverDaminhonorofapresidentoftheUnitedStates.HooverDam，oneofthehighestdamsintheworld，issituatedbetweenthestatesofArizonaandNevada.HooverDamlies______.A.betweenArizonaandNevadaB.intheBlackCanyonC.betweenNewYorkandSanFranciscoD.bothAandB（D）SampleⅡMissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991，BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold，LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.However，itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designedbytheAsiaTVStation.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongKongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.（B）SampleⅢLaupepaexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeUnitedStatesforrefusingtosigntheKyotoProtocol,aninternationalagreementcallingforindustrializednationstoreducetheirgreenhousegasemissions,whichareamaincauseofglobalwarming.“Byrefusingtosigntheagreement,theUShaseffectivelytakenawaythefreedomoffuturegenerationsofTuvaluantolivethere,”LaupepatoldtheBBC.LaupepawasnotsatisfiedwiththeUnitedStatesbecauseitdidnot.A.agreetoreduceitsgreenhousegasemissionsB.signanagreementwithTuvaluC.allowTuvaluanstomovetotheUSD.believetheproblemsfacingTuvaluwerereal（故意用与原文中一模一样的词来迷惑考生）（A）SampleⅣTuitionFees（学费）Tuitionfeesaredifferentfromdepartmenttodepartment,generallyfrom$5,000to$6,000ayear.Forfurtherinformation:[e-mail]（住宿）Youcanhavearoomina4-bedroomflat,whichwillcostabout$100amonthwithotherregularlivingcostsofabout$150amonthforoneperson.Forfurtherinformation:[e-mail]______ayearifyoustudyattheUniversityofWaikato.A.$5,250B.$8,000C.$9,000D.$11,000$5000（学费）+$100（住宿费）×12（months）+$150（生活费）×12=$8000.（B）（二）猜测词义：这类题旨在考查学生根据上下文对灵活变化的词义做出理解判断的能力。常见的提问形式有：1.Theword“…”inline…means/canbebestreplacedby…2.Asusedinthepassage,thephrase“…”suggests…3.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthatheword/phrase“…”is/refersto…4.Theword“…”isclosestinmeaningto…技巧1：根据解释确定词义1.Socialmobilityisthemovementfromoneclassorleveloflivingtoanother.社会流动性2.Theotherquestionedtheveracity--–thetruthfulnessofthesereports.真实性3.Heisaresoluteman,oncehesetsupagoal,hewillnotgiveitupeasily.坚决的4.Hewasaprestidigitatorwhoentertainedthechildrenbypullingrabbitsoutofhats,swallowingfire,andothersimilartricks.变戏法者技巧2：根据对比确定词义Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.一片混乱技巧3：根据逻辑确定词义Ifyouarecapableofworkingtwelvehoursadaywithoutarest,andifyoucanengageinphysicalexerciseforhourswithoutseemingtogettired,thenyouareindefatigable.不知疲倦的技巧4：根据上下文情景确定词义SampleⅠRainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonsofCO2eachyear:equaltothetotalamountofCO2givingoffintheUKeachyear.Theunderlinedphrase“moppingup”inthesecondparagraphmeans___.A.cleaningupB.takinginC.wipingoutD.givingout（B）SampleⅡ.Alishowedtheclassapictureofhim,hiswife，andtheirbaby.Pierre’sfamilyhaslivedintheeastofCanadafortwohundredyears.TheirancestorscamefromFrance.A.familymembersfromalongtimeagoB.grandparentsandtheirgrandchildrenC.parents,grandparentsandgreat-grandparentsD.familymembersalllivingatthesametime（C）【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）【预测热点一】科技类“嫦娥一号”的成功发射显示了中国科技的飞速发展，这无疑是各大报纸、杂志报道的热点，更是高考命题者命题的热点。ChinatoLaunch1stLunarProbeChang’eIThisYearChinasaysthelaunchofitsfirstlunarprobeChang’eIisjustaroundthecorner.ChinesescientistsmadetheannouncementonWednesday,sayingthesatellitewouldbelaunchedinthesecondhalfofthisyear.SinceChinaannouncedtheprojectin2004,thecountry’sfirstlunarexplorationprojecthasdrawnworld-wideattention.Now,China’sspacescientistssaythesatelliteisreadyforliftoff.OuyangZiyuan,chiefscientist,China’slunarexplorationpr