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一、教学内容：语法：名词二.教学过程：名词的数量及用法可谓纷繁复杂，高考题中每年都有对名词的考查。近几年考卷对该部分的单纯考查在逐渐减少，但有向完形填空和短文改错等题型迁移的特征。我们主要应当从以下几方面复习名词：1、名词的“数”2、名词的“格”（所有格）3、名词作定语的形式4、在一定语境中名词的词意辨析5、链接语法：主谓一致（一）名词是表示人，事物，地点或抽象概念的名称的词。名词包括：普通名词book,pen,man，专有名词Mary,Beijing，不可数名词，可数名词。物质名词water,sand，抽象名词happiness,success，集合名词family,teamⅠ.名词的数在熟悉名词单数变复数规则的基础上，突出以下几点：1、注意以下名词数的概念以s结尾，仍为单数的名词（多为学科名词），如physics,linguistics,mathematics,politics,statistics,news,theUnitedStates抽象名词：表示具体或特定的事物时，前面应有不定冠词，如apleasure/pity/surprise/success/failure/shame/anhonor/abrightfuture/astrongcharacter/agreathelp/awasteoftime总称名词：表示一类事物的总称，不能加s，如：machinery,furniture,equipment,technology,luggage,baggage,homework,evidence单数和复数形式表达不同的意思，如：chicken鸡肉/chickens小鸡;fish鱼肉/fishes(fish)各种鱼;paper纸/papers试卷;water水/waters水域，room空间/rooms房间只有复数形式的名词，如glasses（眼镜），trousers,clothes，scissors等，注意加单位名词的用法：apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers形式上虽是单数，但表示的是复数含义，如people,cattle,staff,public,the+adj.,the+分词（表示一类人）以复数形式出现，表达复数含义，如belongings,surroundings,earnings,savings,shoes,socks,goods,thanks,congratulations,funds,pains,arms,troops2、集合名词的数注意主谓一致：看成一个整体时，谓语用单数，若侧重各个成员时，则用复数eg:a)Theaveragefamilyisagreatdealsmallerthanitusedtobe.b)Myfamilyaregoingwithme.3、单复数同形的名词如：fish,deer,sheep,youth,Chinese,Japanese,means,species,crossroads,series,workseg:HowmanydeerarethereinDafengnow?4、由连字符构成的复合名词的“数“：a）合成名词的复数形式通常只将其中的主体名词变成复数：lookers-on参观者sons-in-law女婿editors-in-chief主编shoe-makers鞋匠b）如果没有主体名词，在最后一个词上加复数词尾：[来源:学科网]go-betweens中间人grown-ups成人follow-ups续集good-for-nothings饭桶c)man,woman,gentleman等作定语时定语和被修饰词都变成复数：menworkerswomenteachersgentlemenofficials5、不规则名词的“数“：常用改变元音字母或词尾加en的方法构成如：woman-women,child-children,ox-oxen,tooth-teeth,goose-geese,foot-feet,mouse-mice,phenomenon-phenomena,analysis-analyses6、专有名词的“数”史密斯一家人theSmiths两个玛丽twoMarys7、固定结构中名词的“数”1)takepains费劲做……2)makearrangements安排3)makepreparations准备4)keepongoodtermswith和某人相处融洽[来源:Zxxk.Com]5)beinhigh/lowspirits精神高昂的/精神低靡的6)extendthanksto表达谢意7)bymeansof通过……方式8)giveregardsof向某人问好9)giverespectsto尊敬Ⅱ.名词所有格英语中有些名词可以加’s来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：ateacher’sbook。名词所有格的规则如下：1）单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾没有s的，也要加’s，如theboy’sbag男孩的书包，men’sroom男厕所。2）若名词已有复数词尾-s，只加’，如：theworkers’struggle工人的斗争。3）复合名词和短语的所有格在最后的词后面加’s,如herbrother-in-law’sbike,someoneelse’skeys,adayortwo’srest4）凡不能加’s的名词，都可以用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系，如：thetitleofthesong歌的名字。5）分别格如果两个名词并列，并且分别有’s，则表示分别有；只有一个’s，则表示共有。John’sandMary’srooms（两间）JohnandMary’sroom（一间）6）省略格：在表示店铺或教堂，诊所的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常省略它所修饰的名词，[来源:学科网]在诊所atthedoctor’s在我姐家atmysister’s7）双重格：of+名词’s结构，如afriendofmyfather’s,worksofLuXun’s[来源:学。科。网]比较：Thisisapictureofmyfriend’s.这是我朋友收藏的一幅画。Thisisapictureofmyfriend.这是我朋友的一张照片。Ⅲ.名词的修饰语1.直接用名词来修饰名词[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]金戒指goldring;物理实验室physicslab;咖啡杯coffeecup;油壶oilpot;苹果籽appleseeds；2.关于表示数量（许多，一些，些许）的修饰语：agoodmany,anumberof,numbersof,agreatdealof,alargeamountof,alargequantityof,largequantitiesof,alotof,lotsof,morethanone,manya,afew,alittle随堂例题剖析：1.Heprovedhimselfatruegentlemanandthebeautyofhis__wasseenatitsbestwhenheworkedwithothers.A.temperB.appearanceC.talentD.character2.Billwasdoingalotofphysicalexercisetobuilduphis__________.A.abilityB.forceC.strengthD.mind3.TheheadofficeofthebankisinBeijing,butithas_______alloverthecountry.A.companiesB.branchesC.organizationsD.businesses4.My________ofthisweekend’sactivityisgoingoutwithsomegoodfriends.A.ideaB.opinionC.mindD.thought5.NiagaraFallsisagreattourist_____drawingmillionsofvisitorsfromallpartsoftheworldeveryyear.A.interestB.viewC.sceneD.attraction6.Howdidyoulikethe____oftheinterpreterattheChineseFMpressconferenceof6-partytalksonTV?A.performanceB.achievementC.materialD.words7.—I’llcomeandseeyounextSunday.—Isthata_________?Don’tdisappointme,Ihope.A.promiseB.decisionC.requestD.possibility8.Beforethefinalexamination,manystudentshaveshown________oftension.SomehavetroubleinsleepwhileothershavelosttheirappetiteA.anxietyB.marksC.signsD.remarks9.—HowisTomgettingalongwithhisnewjob?—Perhapsheisverybusy.__________hascomefromhimalltheweek.A.AwordB.NoawordC.NowordD.Nowords10.Sheisalwaysreadytohelppeopleintroublebecauseshethinksitisa_____.A.businessB.rewardC.pleasureD.favor【模拟试题】（答题时间：20分钟）1.Asaresultoftheheavysnow,thehighwayhasbeenclosedupuntilfurther__________.A.newsB.informationC.noticeD.message2.Inatimeofsocialreform,people’sstateofmindtendstokeep__________withtherapidchangesofsociety.A.stepB.paceC.progressD.touch3.We’llallhavetobearitin___thatself-confidenceisthekeypointforaperson’ssuccess.A.headB.mindC.heartD.brain4.Youshouldtakethemedicineafteryoureadthe__________.A.introductionB.wordsC.instructionsD.suggestions5.Johntriedhardtofindajobinthesalesdepartment,buthehadno________.A.chanceB.timeC.moneyD.luck6.Shetook_______tostudytheproblem.A.muchpainB.alotofpainC.painD.greatpains7.TheassignmentforThursdayistowrite_________compositionaboutyourhometown.A.afive-hundred-wordsB.afive-hundred-wordC.afive-hundreds-wordD.afive-hundred-words’8.It’s_________forachildtoread.A.atoodifficultbookB.ratheradifficultbookC.quiteadifficultbookD.toodifficultabook9.It’s_________astheonewedidlastmonth.A.asdangerousajobB.asad