中考英语-完型填空复习课件

完形填空完形填空是各种英语考试的必考题型之一，它涉及的知识面广，综合性强，难度较大，是单项选择和阅读理解的结合体。完形填空重在考查学生阅读理解及语言运用能力，它包括对语法、句型、惯用语的运用，对词汇、句子以及文章的理解。①文化习俗②科普知识③著名人物④幽默故事⑤日常生活⑥人生百味完形填空的题材、文体分类题材文体①记叙②议论③说明重庆中考完形填空近三年试题展示年份话题体裁分值词数2011鼓励中老年人养成健康的生活方式记叙文20分225词2012中学生口语存在的问题并提出建议说明文20分255词2013A2013B学校生活变化微笑面对生活记叙文记叙文20分20分290词240词中考完形填空考点分析重庆市2011-2013年中考完形填空词性分析2013A2013B201220111动词42332名词22213形容词11114副词01115代词11116连词11117介词11118疑问词0101①文意型②词义型③固定搭配型④语法型完形填空题要求填入的词的类型语法结构所要求的功能词，如连接词：连接代词、连接副词、关系代词和关系副词具有语法变化的词，如动词的时态、语态；名词的数；代词的格；形容词副词的比较级根据上下文的意思及结构或语境同义词和近义词等易混词的辨析固定搭配短语和词组中的特定词答案的选择较多地受到短文大意的影响必须在选择答案之前通读短文，抓住其关键词并透彻理解上下文之间的联系，然后借助语境来选择最佳答案。有的时候，这种题型文意型还需要用相关的常识进行推理判断。以考查语法为目的而设置的空白。解答这类题需要根据词与词、句与句之间的关系来判断各种时态和语态的运用，动词及其短语的搭配和用法等。一般地说，考查的语法以实词为主，兼顾虚词和语法结构。语法型根据同义词或近义词的用法区别而设置的题目，有时也借助上下文意思及结构考查形容词、词义型根据词语的习惯用法、固定句型的搭配以及英语特有的习惯作出判断的题目。固定搭配型针对以上考点及题型的解题策略尽管看起来形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的内容、语言习惯，句与句之间的衔接点，句子与段落之间的联系，段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空题时，通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次是十分重要的一步。我们必须自始至终依托语境，注意上下文之间、词与词之间，从语法到意义的合理搭配。尤其要注意短文中承上启下的过渡词等，如and、so、but、however、then、also等。★原则上讲完形填空的每一道题都有暗示,有的在本句中，有的在前，有的在后,有的暗含于语篇中。具体解题步骤1、抓住首尾句，了解短文2、通读全文，把握脉络3、瞻前顾后，仔细推敲4、再读文章，核查答案勾划、研读首句尾句以及有中文注释的单词打开答题窗口，窥探全文。跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇标志，和句中的连词,捕捉关键词汇。前后联系，先易后难。运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，划出语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词。代入答案，再读全文，反复检查争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。少于1分钟约10分钟约2分钟约2分钟注意：要充分利用首句的标示作用第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,how…)注意：要注意尾句的提示和总结作用1.故事的结局2.问题的结论3.幽默或富有哲理的结尾第一步：抓住首尾句第二步：通读全文、掌握大意通过跳过空格，通览全文，明白大意、理清观点、分清层次。第三步：仔细推敲，初定答案本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测空格的可能答案，遇到难以理解的句子或者对某一项没有把握时，可采用排除、筛选等方法。（1）根据上下文确定答案（2）根据习惯用法或搭配确定答案（3）运用逻辑推理判定答案（4）根据词语用法确定答案文意型语法型词义型固定搭配型Thereweresomanypeopleonthebusthattherewere1emptyseats.Whenayoungmangoton,anoldmannearhimwantedto2,buttheyoungmanpushedhimbacktohisseat.“Thankyou,”hesaid,“butpleasedon’tdothat,Icanstand.”1.A.manyB.someC.enoughD.no2.A.sitdownB.getonC.setoutD.standup（）文意型文意型It’sSunday.Somestudentsaregoing1atripwiththeirteacher.2theirwaytheysawabusbehindthem…1.A.toB.forC.onD.at2.A.OnB.ByC.AtD.To）固定搭配型固定搭配型1.A.woreB.hadonC.dressedD.puton）Alittlecock（公鸡）livedneartheriver.Onemorningthelittlecock1hisbeautifulclothesandwentforawalkbytheriver.Onhiswayhemetalittleduck.词义型I’mwritingtoyoubecauseit’stoodifficulttotalkaboutit.Ican’tstopthinkingaboutmyuncleandhowhe____.A.diesB.deathC.diedD.dying语法型第四步：再读全文，核实答案将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。Step1ReadingthroughthepassagequicklyTrytogetthegeneralideaofthepassage,payspecialattentiontothefirstsentenceorthelastone,maybeitshowsthemainideaofthepassage.实战演练WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhe36apictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughtthe37ofanAmerican,whoasked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo38andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”Heanswered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat39,theforeignersaid,“Youngman,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans42didn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworking43untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.Step2ChoosingthebestchoiceforeachblankwhilereadingthepassageWhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhe36apictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughtthe37ofanAmerican,whoasked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo38andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”Heanswered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat39,theforeignersaid,“Youngman,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans42didn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworking43untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.()36.A.stoleB.pickedC.drewD.sawWhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughtthe37ofanAmerican,whoasked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo38andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”Heanswered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat39,theforeignersaid,“Youngman,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans42didn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworking43untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.()37.A.attentionB.instructionC.decisionD.discussionWhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.ItcaughttheattentionofanAmerican,whoasked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo38andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”Heanswered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat39,theforeignersaid,“Youngman,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans42didn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenoug