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ExpositoryWriting:CauseandEffect为什么学语言的女生比男生多？为什么“中国好声音”如此受到追捧？为什么微博如此流行？为什么金融危机会席卷全球？为什么欧洲陷入债务危机？Lead-inStepsforwritingacauseandeffectessay:Distinguishbetweencauseandeffect.Developyourthesisstatement.Findandorganizesupportingdetails.Usingappropriatetransitions.•Chronological（按年代顺序排列的）•Orderofimportance•Categorical（按类别顺序的）Task1DecidewhetherthefollowingsentencesexpressCAUSEANDEFFECTorthingsthathappenedinCHRONOLOGICALORDER.PeterandMarkwenttotheparkyesterday.Theyhadbarbecuethere.FootstepsechoeddowntheemptypathtowardMary,andshewasafraid.JohnhasaVitaminCdeficiency.Hehasaskindisease.Bobwasverysleepy.Hesatnoddinginhiscar.Therearealoudknockatthedoordownstairs.Theknockwokemeoutofasoundsleep.Susandidnotfeelwell.Shedidnotturnup.Task2Studythefollowinginformation.Intheblankbeforeeachsentence,writeCifitisastatementofCAUSEorEifitisastatementofEFFECT.1.Topic:MusicintheUnitedStates___1)Popularmusicshowedadefinitechangeinthe1950s—amovementawayfromthebigbandsoundthathadappealedtothosegrowingupinthe1920s,1930s,and1940s.___2)TeenagersbecamemoreaffluentandthushadthemoneytobuyrecordsbyperformerslikeElvisPresleyandRayCharles.___3)Theblackpopulationfinallyhadthemoneyinthe1950stosupportthesingersandmusicianstheyhadpreferredforyears.___4)Alargeproportionoftheadultwhitepopulationthathadbeenpoorduringthedepressionbegantorebelagainstthesophisticatedlyricsandsoundsofthebigbandmusicians.___5)Thenewaffluenceofgroupsofpeoplewhohadpreviouslyhadlittlemoneytospendonentertainmentpavedthewayfortheemergenceofgospel,blues,androckmusic.2.Topic:Tornados___1)Tornadosareformedwhenwarm,moistairspreadsnorthwards,meetingwithcoldairflowingfromthenorthandwestaboveit.___2）Themeetingofcoldandwarmairstartsthecharacteristiccircularmotion.___3)Thecircularmotionquicklybuildsupandbecomesforcefulenoughtotearbuildingsapartanduproottrees.___4)Notonlyaretornadosabletomovehugeobjectsbuttheyalsooccasionallydooddthings,suchasstrippingachickenofitsfeathersquickly.3.Topic:Drunkdrivers___1)Excessiveamountsofalcoholcauseonetoloseone’ssenseofresponsibility.___2)Excessiveamountsofalcoholslowreactiontimeandseriouslyimpairdepthperception.___3)Theinebriateddriverisunabletomakequicklogicaldecisionsandisoftenresponsibleforaccidentscausingseriousinjuriesordeath.___4)Drunkdriversaredangerous.___5）Drunkdriversposeaseriousthreattothemselvesaswellastoothers.TypesoftheCause-EffectPatternsinglecause—singleeffectMaryfailedtheexambecauseshedidnotstudyhard.PeerPressureSinceIattendcollege,Ifeelmoreandmorepeerpressure.WhileIusedtobeatopstudentinseniorhighschool,andwasalwayspraisedbyteachersandenviedbypeers,nowIfindtherearealotoftalentedpeersincollegeandIamtemporarilyandrelativelypoorinacademicperformance.Therefore,IfeelthatIhavechangedfromaherotoazero.contemporaryCause&EffectRelationTopic:peerpressureCauseusedtobeatopstudentinseniorhighschool,praisedbyteachers,enviedbypeers;alotoftalentedpeersincollege,poorinacademicperformanceEffectfromaherotoazeroEffectCause1Cause2Cause3Whathassparkedtheincreasinginterestinexercise?Foronething,peoplehavegainedagreaterawarenessoftheneedforphysicalfitness.Foranother,theconstantlyimprovingstandardoflivingenablesChinesepeopletopatronizetheincreasingnumberofrecreationalvenues.Themainthingperhapscentersonthehealthcareandpsychologicalbenefitsexerciseprovides.什么引发了人们对锻炼越来越浓的兴趣？一方面，人们更加清楚地意识到保持身体健康的必要性。另一方面，不断提高的生活水平使中国人能够支付增加的娱乐支出。最主要的可能在于锻炼带来的保健和心理上的好处。高级句型Cause&EffectRelationTopic:MylearningexperienceinjuniormiddleschoolCauseIhadakindandpatientteacherwhooftenpraisedallofthestudents.EffectBecauseofthispositivemethod,IeagerlyansweredallthequestionsIcould,neverworryingmuchaboutmakingmistakes.Iwasatthetopofmyclassfortwoyears.Thedeepimpactofopeningtotheoutsideworldisreadilydiscernibleinanumberofareas:theadoptionofmanyWesternhabits,bothgoodandbad;changingsocialandmoralvalues;thetrendtowardsindividualism;andtheintroductionofstate-of-the-artconceptsandtechnology.ThekeytoadoptingWesternwaycentersonacceptingthegoodandrejectingthebad.对外开放的深刻影响在许多方面都能看到：模仿西方的习惯，包括好的和坏的；改变社会和道德价值观；个人主义的趋势；引进已发展的概念和技术。采取西方方式的关键在于取其精华，去其糟粕。高级句型CasualChainJim’sfatherhasabadtemper,andheoftenbeatJim’smotherandthekids.(familyviolence)Jim’smotherleavesJim’sfather,takingthechildrenwithher.WithonlyJim’smother’sincome,thefamilyhaslessmoney,sothefamilyexperiencesfinancialproblems.Jim’smothermovesinwithherboyfriendtohelpthefamilyfinances.Jimfeelsunwantedinhisnewhomeandrunsaway.ahomelesschildcauseeffect(cause)effect(cause)effect(cause)effectthemostimmediateeffect因果型段落的结构主题句“果”“果因”型语段段主题句“因”“因果”型语段主题句“果”，发展句分析因，再次归纳论点“果-因-果”型语段“因-果-因-果”型语段ThereisnolifeonEarth.(S1)Foronething,Earth’ssurfaceintheareaofManhattan（曼哈顿）iscomposedofsolidconcrete(混凝土)andnothingcangrowthere.(S2)Foranother,theatmosphereisfilledwithcarbonmonoxide（一氧化碳）andotherdeadlygasesandnobodycouldpossiblybreathethisairandsurvive.(S3)topicsentence主题S1effect(果)S2S3cause2(因)cause1(因)分析•主题句“果”，“果因”型语段Therapidlyemergingsexualrevolutionhasbeenaccompaniedbymanydisturbingtrends.Perhapsthemostseriousconsequencescenterontherapidspreadofsexuallytransmittedd