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外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题（含答案）Aso-called“smartdrug”intendedtoimprovepeople'scognitive(认知的)functiontoprotectthebrainfromaltitudesickness.Visitinghigh-altitudesitesforwork,spot,religiouspilgrimagesandmilitarycanresultincognitiveeffects,includingmemorylossandattentiondifficulties.There'slittleyoucandotopreventthesesymptomsexceptacclimatize-butthistakestimeanddoesn'talwayswork.Adrugcalledoxiracetammightbetheanswer.ShengLiHuattheThirdMilitaryMedicalUniversity,Chongqing,Chinaandhercolleaguesstudiedtheperformanceofmalemilitarypersonnelataltitude.Alllivedintownsaround1,800metersabovesealevel,Duringthestudy,theyspenteightdaysatthisaltitudeandthenclimbedforthreedaystoreach4,000meters,wheretheystayedforuptoamonth.Twentyparticipantstookoxriacetamthreetimesadayforthefirst15daysofthestudy,whileanother20receivednointervention.Themandidtestsofattentionandmemoryatthestartandendofthestudyand20daysin,bywhichtimetheyhadbeenat4,000metersforninedays.Whilealltheparticipantsexperiencedadropincognitiveabilityat4,00meters,thosewhotookoxiracetamshowedamuchsmallerdropthanthecontrolgroup.Theteamfoundthatathighaltitudethebrainstem,whichplaysacriticalroleinsupportingbasiclivingfunctions,receivedbloodattheexpenseofareasresponsibleformoreadvancedcognitivefunctions.Butinpeoplewhotookoxiracetam,bloodflowingthroughoutthebrainrose,thusofferingmoreoxygentotheseareas.Thismaybehowthedrugseemstolessencognitiveproblemslikewithlowoxygen.Itisn'tyetknownwhetherdivertingbloodinthiswaycouldhavenegativeeffectsinthelongrun.Theresultsarestrikingandimplythatoxiracetammaybebeneficialforhelpingtorelievecognitiveabilitydeclinecausedbyaltitude.saysTimothyHalesattheUniversityofDundee,UK.1．Theunderlinedword“acclimatize”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A．adaptB．ignoreC．existD．relax2．WhatdoestheexperimentdoneinChinaindicate?A．Thehigheraltitudeyouareat,thesloweryourbrainwillbe.B．At4,000meters,thetwosubjectgroupsshowlittledifference.C．Memorytestsarebeneficialtorelievingattentiondifficulties.D．“Smartdruglargelyreducesnegativeeffectsofaltitudesickness.3．Accordingtothepassage,therootcauseofthecognitiveeffectsliesin______.A．physicaltirednessB．lowoxygencontentC．cognitivetrainingD．extremehighaltitude4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．FightHighAnxietyB．Oxiacetam-AMagicDrugC．KeepSharpatAltitudeD．ProblemsonHigh-altitudeSitesWe’veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What’stheproblem?It’spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It’smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit’sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit’sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit’saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan’tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn’tevenexistifitweren’tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(润滑剂)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.＂Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,＂heexplains.＂Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.＂Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互动)withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.＂It’snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,＂saysDunn.＂Butinteractionswithperipheral(边缘的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.＂Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.＂Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,＂hesays.5．Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A．Addictiontosmartphones.B．Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.C．Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D．Impatiencewithslowservice.6．WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A．Showinggoodmanners.B．Relatingtootherpeople.C．Focusingonatopic.D．Makingbusinessdeals.7．Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A．Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B．Itraisespeople’sconfidence.C．Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D．Itmakespeoplefeelgood.8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ConversationCountsB．WaysofMakingSmallTalkC．BenefitsofSmallTalkD．UncomfortableSilenceWelcometoUniversityofWaikato.Ourmissionistocreateawelcomingenvironmentinwhichresidentsfeelcomfortable,safeandasenseofbelonging.StudentVillageandWaikatoApartmentsWaikatoAccommodationServicesofferstwotypesofresidentialaccommodation:StudentVillageandWaikatoApartments.StudentVillageconsistsoffifteenindependentunits.Eachcontainsfivebedrooms,toiletfacilities,andasharedkitchenwithafridgeandcupboard.ThereisalsoagamesroomandaTVroom.WaikatoApartmentsaresituatedinathree-le