2-1-1-1根式

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2.1.1.1一、选择题1.下列各式正确的是()A.(-3)2=-3B.4a4=aC.22=2D.a0=1[答案]C[解析]由根式的意义知A错;4a4=|a|,故B错;当a=0时,a0无意义,故D错.2.化简-x3x的结果是()A.--xB.xC.-xD.-x[答案]A[解析]由条件知,-x30,∴x0,∴-x3x=|x|·-xx=-x-xx=--x.3.设n∈N+,则18[1-(-1)n]·(n2-1)的值()A.一定是零B.一定是偶数C.是整数但不一定是偶数D.不一定是整数[答案]B[解析]当n为奇数时,设n=2k-1,k∈N+,18[1-(-1)n]·(n2-1)=18×2×[(2k-1)2-1]=14(4k2-4k)=k(k-1)是偶数当n为偶数时,设n=2k,k∈N+,18[1-(-1)n]·(n2-1)=0是偶数,∴选B.4.化简(x+3)2-3(x-3)3得()A.6B.2xC.6或-2xD.-2x或6或2[答案]C[解析]原式=|x+3|-(x-3)=6x≥-3-2xx-3.5.已知x=1+2b,y=1+2-b,若y=f(x),那么f(x)等于()A.x+1x-1B.x-1xC.x-1x+1D.xx-1[答案]D[解析]因为x=1+2b,∴2b=x-1,所以y=1+2-b=1+2b2b=xx-1.即f(x)=xx-1,故选D.6.已知函数y=ax2+bx+c的图象如图所示,则f2(1)的值为()A.2bB.a-b+cC.-2bD.0[答案]C[解析]由图象开口向下知,a0.又f(-1)=a-b+c=0,∴b=a+c,又-b2a0,∴b0,∴f(1)=a+b+c=2b,∴f2(1)=|2b|=-2b.7.若xy≠0,那么等式4x2y3=-2xyy成立的条件是()A.x0,y0B.x0,y0C.x0,y0D.x0,y0[答案]C[解析]∵xy≠0,∴x≠0,y≠0,由4x2y30-2xy0y0得,x0y0.8.当nm0时,(m+n)-m2-2mn+n2=()A.2mB.2nC.-2mD.-2n[答案]B[解析](m+n)-m2-2mn+n2=(m+n)-|m-n|=(m+n)-(m-n)=2n.9.11-230+7-210=()A.6+2-25B.2-6C.6-2D.25-6-2[答案]C[解析]11-230+7-210=6-230+5+5-210+2=(6-5)+(5-2)=6-2.10.化简a-1+b-1a-1b-1=()A.abB.abC.a+bD.a-b[答案]C[解析]先把负整数指数幂化为正整数指数幂,得到熟悉的繁分式再化简.原式=1a+1b1a·1b=ab(1a+1b)ab·1a·b=b+a.二、填空题11.已知a+a-1=3,则a2+a-2=__________.[答案]7[解析]a2+a-2=(a+a-1)2-2=7.12.x+yx+y+2xyxy+yx=__________.[答案]x+y[解析]原式=x+yx+y+2xyxy(x+y)=x+yx+y+2xyx+y=(x+y)2x+y=x+y.13.已知15+4x-4x2≥0,化简:4x2+12x+9+4x2-20x+25=________.[答案]8[解析]由15+4x-4x2≥0得:-32≤x≤524x2+12x+9+4x2-20x+25=|2x+3|+|2x-5|=2x+3+5-2x=8.14.已知2a+2-a=3,则8a+8-a=________.[答案]18[解析]8a+8-a=(2a)3+(2-a)3=(2a+2-a)(22a+2-2a-1)=3[(2a+2-a)2-3]=18.三、解答题15.化简y=4x2+4x+1+4x2-12x+9,并画出简图.[解析]y=4x2+4x+1+4x2-12x+9=|2x+1|+|2x-3|=4x-2(x≥32)4(-12x32)2-4x(x≤-12)其图象如图.16.若x0,y0,且x(x+y)=3y(x+5y),求2x+2xy+3yx-xy+y的值.[解析]将条件式展开整理得x-2xy-15y=0.分解因式得(x+3y)(x-5y)=0,∵x0,y0,∴x=5y,∴x=25y,∴2x+2xy+3yx-xy+y=50y+225y2+3y25y-25y2+y=3.17.已知x=12(ab+ba),(ab0),求2abx-x2-1的值.[解析]∵x=12ab+ba=12abb+aba=ab(a+b)2ab=a+b2ab,又ab0,∴原式=2aba+b2ab-(a+b)24ab-1=2aba+b2ab-a-b2ab=4ab2b=2a.[点评]若把条件ab0改为a0,b0则由于x2-1=|a-b|2ab,故须分a≥b,ab进行讨论.18.已知f(x)=ex-e-x,g(x)=ex+e-x(e=2.718…).(1)求[f(x)]2-[g(x)]2的值;(2)设f(x)f(y)=4,g(x)g(y)=8,求g(x+y)g(x-y)的值.[解析](1)[f(x)]2-[g(x)]2=[f(x)+g(x)]·[f(x)-g(x)]=2·ex·(-2e-x)=-4e0=-4.(2)f(x)f(y)=(ex-e-x)(ey-e-y)=ex+y+e-(x+y)-ex-y-e-(x-y)=g(x+y)-g(x-y)=4①同法可得g(x)g(y)=g(x+y)+g(x-y)=8.②解由①②组成的方程组得,g(x+y)=6,g(x-y)=2.∴g(x+y)g(x-y)=62=3.

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