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高二英语必修二语法知识点归纳Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company…..Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.过去分词作状语:过去分词作状语时,说明动作发生的背景或情况,其等同于一个状语从句。vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系,表示被动和完成,vi过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。Heated,waterchangesintosteam.Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.1作原因状语,等于as/since/because引导从句Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn’thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…2作时间状语,等于when引导时间从句,如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生,可在分词前加when/while/until等使时间意义更明确。Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…3作条件状语等于if/whether引导从句Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou4作方式或伴随状语Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.5作让步状语Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….6独立主格结构:当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时,分词能够有自己独立的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.RewritewithproperconjunctionsExample:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.1Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.→Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…2Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.→Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…3Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.Ifweweregivenmoretime,4OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,5Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,6Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,现在分词与过去分词作状语现在分词作状语时,与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,;而过去分词与其逻辑主语之间则表示被动关系。Seeingthesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeijing.Seenfromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmoremagnificent.(see)选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出,分词就选用现在分词,反之就用过去分词。例如:Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.因为用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的过程中,我发现这本书很有用注意:1.系表示主语所处的状态_____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(lose)______inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)belostinbedressedinbeinterestedinbedevotedtobesupposedto?becaughtintherainbeseatedinbepreparedforbedeterminedto2.不与主语保持一致的固定结构generallyspeaking一般说来strictly/franklyspeaking严格地说/坦白地说judgingfrom从…判断allthingsconsidered从整体来看takingallthingsintoconsideration全面看来例如:Judgingfromhisface,hemustbeill.从他的脸色看,他一定是病了。Generallyspeaking,dogscanrunfasterthanpigs.总的来说,狗比猪跑得快。(speaking不是dogs的动作)Practice1.CompleteeachsentencesusingtheP.P.oftherightverb.buildfrightentrapfollowshootseeexamine1________bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom.2Theladyreturnedhome,________bytwopolicemen.3Afterhavingbeen_________carefully,theroomwaslockedagain.4.______in1949,theexhibitionhallisover50yearsold.5_____fromadistance,theOperaHouselookslikeshipsails.6If_____inaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.7Although______intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.【二】一、不定式做主语:1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。===动名词doing表示习惯的,经常的动作。e.g:Tofinishthebuildinginamonthisdifficult.Todosuchthingsisfoolish.Toseeistobelieve.(对等)注:1).不定式作主语时,谓语用单数2).当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。it做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中:(1)Itis/was+adj.+ofsb.todo…(2)Itis+adj.+forsb.+todo…Itiseasy/difficult/hard/foolish/unwise/right/wrong/unnecessary(3)itis+a+名词+todo...Itisapity/apleasure/apleasantthing/one’sduty/anhonor/ashame/acrime/noeasyjob…todoIttakes(sb.)sometime/courage/patience…todo…Itrequirescourage/patience/hardwork…todo…*注意:probable和possible均可作表语,但possible能够用不定式作真实主语,而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。Itisprobableforhimtocometothemeeting.(错)Itispossibleforhimtocometothemeeting.Itispossible/probablethathewillcometothemeeting.二、不定式做表语主语是以aimdutyhopeideaintentionplanjobsuggestionwishpurposetask等为中心词的名词词组或以what引导的名词性从句表示,后面的不定式说明其内容,不定式作表语常表示将来或现在的动作或状态。eg:Myideaistoclimbthemountainfromthenorth.Yourmistakewasnottowritethatletter.WhatIwouldsuggestistostartworkatonce.三、动词不定式作宾语以不定式结构为宾语的动词有:ask,agree,care,choose,demand,decide,expect,fail,help,hope,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish等只能用动词不定式作宾语口诀(接不定式作宾语的动词)想要学习早打算(wantlearnplan)快准备有希望(preparehopewishexpect)同意否供选择(agreeofferchoose)决定了已答应(decidebedeterminedpromise)尽力去着手做(manageundertake)别拒绝别假装(refusepretend)失败不是属于你(fail)e.g.Tomrefusedtolendmehispen.Wehopetogettherebeforedark.Thegirldecidedtodoitherself.
本文标题:高二英语必修二语法知识点归纳
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