定语从句超详细讲解与练习

1定语从句定语从句的构成：两个简单句：Amanisstandingthere.Themanismybrother.=主从复合句：Themanwhoisstandingthereismybrother.___________________先行词：行，走路的意思。先行词就是放在从句前面的词，但是本身为定语从句中的一部分。所以先行词在从句中作什么成分从句中就用什么样的引导词。关系词：代替先行词承担从句中的句子成分，放在句首引导从句，所以也叫引导词。1.关系代词：在从句里代替先行词充当__________、__________、__________关系词的种类：2.关系副词：在从句里代替先行词充当___________关系词的作用：①代替前面的先行词在从句中充当一定的成分②把两个句子连起来一、关系代词：注意：⑴、当先行词在从句中作宾语的时候可以省略引导词把下列两个简单句合成一个主从复合句1.Hewantstoseetheman.+ThemanisinShanghai.①________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________2.Ihaveasister.+SheworksinHebei.①________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________先行词人物人＋物主语who/thatwhich/thatthat宾语who/whom/thatwhich/thatthat定语whosewhose/ofwhich表语that23.Thisistheman.Thepolicearelookingfortheman.①________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________4.Doyouknowthegirl?+Hermotherworkshere.①________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________5.Iliveinaroom.+Itsdoorfacessouth.①________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________⑵先行词做宾语时who与whom的区别一般情况下不进行区分，除非是紧跟在介词之后1.Thisistheman.Thepolicearelookingforhim.→Thisistheman(who/whom/that)thepolicearelookingfor.【who/whom/that可以省略】其中介词for可以提前→Thisisthemanforwhomthepolicearelooking.介词在引导词前面只能用whom,而且不能省略，因为介词之后只能接宾格注：that不能放在介词之后2.Johnisthedriver.Wetalkedabouthim.→Johnisthedriver_________________wetalkedabout.→Johnisthedriverabout__________wetalked.二、关系副词：先行词物地点状语where时间状语when原因状语why/forwhich把下列两个简单句合成一个主从复合句Thisisthehouse.+Iwasborninthehouse.→___________________________________________________________________3→___________________________________________________________________→___________________________________________________________________对比：Thisisthehouse.Thehousewasbuilt10yearsago.→______________________________________________________________________总结：__________________________________________________________________Wewillneverforgettheday.+WewillholdtheOlympicGamesontheday.→______________________________________________________________________→______________________________________________________________________对比：Iwillneverforgettheday.Ispentthedaywithyoulastyear.→______________________________________________________________________→______________________________________________________________________总结：__________________________________________________________________Idon’tknowthereason.+Helefthereforthereason.→______________________________________________________________________→______________________________________________________________________Idon’tknowthereason.Hehastoldothersthereason.→______________________________________________________________________总结：__________________________________________________________________介词加which可以等于when、where或whyThiswasaterriblewar.+Manypeoplewerekilledinthewar.→①Thiswasaterriblewar.+Manypeoplewerekilledin________.→②___________________________________________________________________→③___________________________________________________________________Itisthelargestfarminmyhometown.Amonumentstandsonthefarm.→①Itisthelargestfarminmyhometown.Amonumentstandson________.→②___________________________________________________________________→③___________________________________________________________________Thepolicesoonarrivedatthescene(现场).Therewasamanlyingatthescene.→①Thepolicesoonarrivedatthescene(现场).Therewasamanlyingat________.→②___________________________________________________________________→③___________________________________________________________________4总结：where=介词+which，介词是由___________________所决定的。Februaryisamonth.Thereareusually28daysinamonth.→①Februaryisamonth.Thereareusually28daysin________.→②___________________________________________________________________→③___________________________________________________________________EveryChineseknowsOctober1st.NewChinawasfoundedonOctober1st.→①EveryChineseknowsOctober1st.NewChinawasfoundedon________.→②___________________________________________________________________→③___________________________________________________________________Iwanttoknowthetime.Thebusleavesatthetime.→①Iwanttoknowthetime.Thebusleavesat________.→②___________________________________________________________________→③___________________________________________________________________总结：when=介词+which，介词是由___________________所决定的。Noonecanguessthereason.Hedisappearedforthereason.→①Noonecanguessthereason.Hedisappearedfor________.→②___________________________________________________________________→③___________________________________________________________________总结：why=forwhich，因为只有介词for表示原因.另一种引导词加介词的情况：1.Thisisthehero________whomweareproud.A.ofB.toC.atD.in2.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tanyperson________shecoul