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2019年上半年中小学教师资格考试英语学科知识与教学能力试题（初级中学）一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑。错选、多选或未选均无分。1．Whichofthefollowingwordshasastresspatterndifferentfromtherest？A．prepareB．techniqueC．obviousD．advice2．WhichofthefollowingunderlinedwordswillbestressedwhenJuliarespondstothepersonwhohasmistakenherforJulian？A．MynameisJulia，notJulian．B．MynameisJulia，notJulian．C．MynameisJulia，notJulian．D．MynameisJulia，notJulian．3．Theword“UNESCO”iscalleda（n）SSS．A．acronymB．blendC．clippedwordD．coinedword4．HelookslikeaScottish，buthisaccentmaygivehimSSS．A．offB．outC．inD．away5．ThebookissowellreceivedthatitsellsSSSthemillion．A．atB．inC．byD．to6．SSSwearesuccessful，wecanbesurethatwedidourbest．A．ProvidedthatB．IfonlyC．IfornotD．Whetherornot7．—Willyoubeabletogoswimmingwithus？—SSS．A．I'mafraidnotB．I'mafraidC．I'mnotafraidD．I'mnotafraidso8．SSSisthecustom，theinvestigatorscarriedoutapainstakingsearchofthedebrisaftertheaircrash．A．WhatB．AsC．WhichD．That9．Therearedifferentwordsforpaternalgrandmother（nainai）andmaternalgrandmother（waipo）inChinese，butinEnglishtheword“grandmother”isgenerallyusedinbothcases，whichsuggeststhatSSS．A．equalimportanceisgiventomaternalandpaternalgrandparentsinChinaB．equalimportanceisgiventomaternalandpaternalgrandparentsinBritainC．languagemayinfluencepeople'swaysofthinkingtoalargeextentD．peopleofdifferentlanguagescategorizethingsindifferentways10．Whichofthefollowingisemployedbyaspeakerwhoaddressesseniorpeopleastheelderlyratherthantheold？A．Socialdialect．B．Taboo．C．Linguafranca．D．Euphemism．11．Byaskingthequestion，CanyoulistyourfavoritefoodinEnglish？，theteacherisusingthetechniqueofSSS．A．elicitationB．monitoringC．promptingD．recasting12．Ifateacherwantstocheckhowmuchstudentshavelearnedattheendofaterm，he/shewouldgivethema（n）SSS．A．diagnostictestB．placementtestC．proficiencytestD．achievementtest13．WhatlearningstyledoesXiaoLiexhibitifshetriestounderstandeverysinglewordwhenlisteningtoapassage？A．Field-dependence．B．IntoleranceofAmbiguity．C．Risk-taking．D．Field-independence．14．Ifateacherasksstudentstoputjumbledsentencesinorderinareadingclass，he/sheintendstodeveloptheirabilityofSSS．A．word-guessingthroughcontextB．summarizingthemainideaC．understandingtextualcoherenceD．scanningfordetailedinformation15．WhenateachersaysWhatdoyoumeanbythat？he/sheisaskingthestudentforSSS．A．repetitionB．suggestionC．introductionD．clarification16．WhenateachersaysYou'dbettertalkinamorepolitewaywhenspeakingtotheelderly．，he/sheisdrawingthestudents'attentiontotheSSSoflanguageuse．A．fluencyB．complexityC．accuracyD．appropriacy17Whichofthefollowingisadisplayquestion？A．Whatpartofspeechisimmense？B．Howwouldyoucommentonthisreport？C．WhydoyouthinkHemingwayisagoodwriter？D．Whatdoyouthinkofthecharactersinthisnovel？18．WhichofthefollowingrepresentsacontextualizedwayofpractisingHowoften．．．？A．Makesomesentenceswithhowoften．B．Usehowoftenandthewordsgiventomakeasentence．C．Igoshoppingtwiceaweek．Howoftendoyougoshopping？D．Pleasechangethestatementintoaquestionwithhowoften．19．WhichofthefollowingarecontrolledactivitiesinanEnglishclass？A．Reporting，role-playandgames．B．Readingaloud，dictationandtranslation．C．Role-play，problemsolvinganddiscussion．D．Informationexchange，narrationandinterview．20．TheSSSisdesignedaccordingtothemorphologicalandsyntacticaspectsofalanguage．A．structuralsyllabusB．situationalsyllabusC．skill-basedsyllabusD．content-basedsyllabus请阅读Passage1，完成第21~25题。Passage1Thebrainistrulyamarvel．Aseeminglyendlesslibrary，whoseshelveshouseourmostpreciousmemoriesaswellasourlifetime'sknowledge．Butisthereapointwhereitreachescapacity？Inotherwords，canthebrainbefull？Theanswerisaresoundingno，because，well，brainsaremoresophisticatedthanthat．AstudypublishedinNatureNeuroscienceearlierthisyearshowsthatinsteadofjustcrowdingin，oldinformationissometimespushedoutofthebrainfornewmemoriestoform．Previousbehavioralstudieshaveshownthatlearningnewinformationcanleadtoforgetting．Butinthisstudy，researchersusednewneuroimagingtechniquestodemonstrateforthefirsttimehowthiseffectoccursinthebrain．Thepaper'sauthorssetouttoinvestigatewhathappensinthebrainwhenwetrytorememberinformationthat'sverysimilartowhatwealreadyknow．Thisisimportantbecausesimilarinformationismorelikelytointerferewithexistingknowledge，andit'sthestuffthatcrowdswithoutbeinguseful．Todothis，theyexaminedhowbrainactivitychangeswhenwetrytorememberatargetmemory，thatis，whenwetrytorecallsomethingveryspecific，atthesametimeastryingtoremembersomethingsimilar（acompetingmemory）．Participantsweretaughttoassociateasingleword（say，thewordsand）withtwodifferentimages—suchasoneofMarilynMonroeandtheotherofahat．Theyfoundthatasthetargetmemorywasrecalledmoreoften，brainactivityforitincreased．Meanwhile，brainactivityforthecompetingmemorysimultaneouslyweakened．Thischangewasmostprominentinregionsnearthefrontofthebrain，suchastheprefrontalcortex，ratherthankeymemorystructuresinthemiddleofthebrain，suchasthehippocampus，whichistraditionallyassociatedwithmemoryloss．Theprefrontalcortexisinvolvedinarangeofcomplexcognitiveprocesses，suchasplanning，decisionmaking，andselectiveretrievalofmemory．Ext