中考英语任务型阅读解题技巧共32张PPT

Task-basedReading任务型阅读能力测试要求1.(collectinformation)2.(understanddetails)3.(transformwordsorsentences)4.(paraphrasewords,phrasesorsentenses)5.(concludethepassageorparagraphs)考纲解读1.先表后文，预测文意2.寻找出处，对号入座3.整合信息，分析归纳4.判断用词，准确表达5.通观全文，复读检查答题步骤•原文词；（即在文章中直接找到）•归纳词（主要出现在表格的表头、行标题或栏标题中）•转换词（主要是词性转换）•同、反义词（主要是同义转换或加否定词的反义转换）•释义词（即能解释原文中的词，词组、或句子意思的词）。答题步骤4．判断用词，准确表达①大小写？②单词有无拼写错误？③表达形式在语法上是否与同横纵栏目一致？尤其检查是否正确运用了名词单复数形式；动词-ing或-ed形式；形容词及副词的比较等级形式等。答题步骤5.通观全文，复读检查答题技巧1．标题归纳题1.根据“文章主旨句大多出现在三个位置：文章首段，一段末或二段首，文章末段”的特点，可有意识地从上述三个位置找到文章主题句，再加以准确概括，确定语篇标题。2.文中出现的高频率词或词组，往往就是标题。判定归纳概括词的方法Muchofourgoodhealthdependsonthecooperationbetweensubstances.Whentheyworktogether,chemicalreactionstakeplacesmoothly.Bodysystemsarekeptinbalance.Someofthemostimportanthelpersinthejobofgoodhealtharethesubstanceswecallvitamins.VitaminAisneededtoproducealight-sensitivesubstanceintheeyes.VitaminB-oneisalsocalledthiamine.硫胺(维生素B1)Itchangesstarchy(淀粉)foodsintoenergy.VitaminB-twelveisneededsofolic(叶酸)acidcandoitswork.VitaminCisnecessaryforstrongbonesandteeth,andforhealthybloodvessels(.管)判定归纳概括词的方法Example1Title_______71___________Vitamins2．段落归纳题段落归纳概括题常位于表格的左栏，能最大限度覆盖相应行、列或单元格的全部信息，常为名词、名词词组或动(名)词词组。判定归纳概括词的方法判定归纳概括词的方法Example271________72____________Sources73____________causedbylackofitVitaminAHelpingpreventpoorsightatnightFishliveroil,yellowpartofeggs,darklycoloredfruitsandvegetablesInabilitytoseeatnightVitaminB-1Helpingthe74_____systemGrains,beans,nuts,meatandfishgoodforthe75___workoftheheartandnervoussystem76____andslowgrowthVitaminB-12Helpinggetredbloodcells77______78___foodslikeeggs,meat,fishandmilkproductsanemiaVitaminCA79____forstrongbonesandteethandhealthybloodvesselsCitrusfruits,tomatoesanduncookedvegetablesNot80_______FunctionsKindsProblems2．段落归纳题判定归纳概括词的方法注意:有时所填写的概括词不能照抄主题句中的关键词，而需根据表达的需要改变关键词的词形或词性，甚至是另换一词。Volunteeringdoesmuchgoodtoavolunteer.Forexample,volunteeringoffersyouchancetodevelopability,skillandpersonalstrengths.Aspartofavolunteergroup,yougetfirsthandexposuretouseandlearncommunicationandteamworkdynamics.______ofvolunteeringOfferyouchancetodevelopability,skillandpersonalstrengths.Makeyouuseandlearncommunicationandteamworkdynamics判定归纳概括词的方法Example2Advantages(Benefits)3.根据文中信息词判定概括词•根据how判断用ways,tips,methods，solutions,etc.；•根据why,because,resultin,leadto,becausedby等判断用reasons,causes；•根据inshort,allinall判断用summary；•根据referto,be,becalled判断用definition；•根据therefore,thus,so,asaresult判断用result,conclusion；•根据find,discover判断用findings。判定归纳概括词的方法1．转换词性需要填写的词不能照抄。即能从文中找到信息句，并转换原词的词性后再填入空格。例如：动词转换为名词，名词转换为动词或形容词，名词或形容词转换为动词等。判定转换词的方法ExampleVitaminB-twelveisneededsofolic(叶酸)acidcandoitswork.Together,theyhelpproduceredbloodcells.Withoutthem,apersonsuffersfromanemia(贫血).VitaminB-twelveisfoundnaturallyinfoodssuchaseggs,meat,fishandmilkproducts.VitaminCisnecessaryforstrongbonesandteeth,andforhealthybloodvessels(.管)Italsohelpswoundshealquickly.ThebodystoresverylittlevitaminC.Sowemustgetiteverydayinfoodssuchascitrus(柑橘类的)fruits,tomatoesanduncookedcabbage.判定转换词的方法VitaminB-12Helpinggetredbloodcells77____________78_________foodslikeeggs,meat,fishandmilkproductsanemiaVitaminCA79___________forstrongbonesandteethandhealthybloodvesselsCitrusfruits,tomatoesanduncookedvegetablesNotmentionedproducednaturalnecessity判定转换词的方法2．名词所有格“’s”和of所有格及其他表达式之间的转换1).Theirfather’swordisthelaw.Theyhavetolistentotheir_________.father2)Theopinionsofmostscientistsarequitedifferentfromthoseoftheparents.Most_________opinionsarequitedifferentfromthoseoftheparents.scientists’3.将定语从句改为非谓语动词形式作后置定语判定转换词的方法1.Thereporterisboththeprimaryandthesecondarysource.Butthephotographerwhoworkswithhim/herisstillapramarysource.Thereporterisboththeprimaryandthesecondarysource.Butthephotographer________withhim/herisstillapramarysource.working2.69%ofthepeoplewhoareinvolvedinthesurveyarestronglyinfavoroftheholidayproposal.69%ofthepeople_________inthesurveyarestronglyinfavoroftheholidayproposal.involvedVisityourdoctoratregulartimestofindabouttheprogressofyourallergiesinsteadofhavingstrictdietseveryday.判定转换词的方法4.修饰名词的形容词与修饰动词的副词之间的转换Seedoctors_________tofindabouttheprogressofyourallergiesinsteadofhavingdiets___________-everyday.regularlystrictly5.句子成分的转换判定转换词的方法分析句子成分，注意句子成分改变，相应的词性发生改变。1).YouarerequestedtobepresentattheclubmeetingonFriday.Your__________isrequestedattheclubmeetingonFriday.presence2).Thesuggestionisthatyoushouldkeepalltheserulesinmind.____________alltheserulesinmindissuggested.keeping6.句子结构的转换判定转换词的方法1）Withoutasoundbody,onecannotachieveanything。Nothingcanbeachieved_____onedoesn'thaveasoundboody.if分析句子结构，注意简单句，并列句和复合句之间的转换，确定正确的关联词。2)Therearesignstellingyounottosmoke,butpeopleignorethem.__________therearesignstellingyounottosmoke,peopleignorethem.Although判定同义词，反义词的方法1.ItisoftencheapertobuygoodsthroughtheInternet.ThegoodsontheInternetarenotso_________.expensive掌握常用同义词和反义词，必备的构词法知识和习惯搭配，还有注意加否定词的反义转换。2.Thisphenomenonhasledtoabigproblemwhichcouldn'tbesolvedinashortperiod.Thisphenomenonhas_________inabigproblemwhichcouldn'tbesolvedinashortperiod.resulted3.Itisimpossibleforyoutofinishthetaskwith