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上海交通大学硕士学位论文上海陆上货运物流信息平台研究与设计姓名：张晓宇申请学位级别：硕士专业：管理科学与工程指导教师：孙小明;王东20050201IIIIIISTUDYONFREIGHTLOGISTICSINFORMATIONPLATFORMOFSHANGHAIABSTRACTFreightplaysanimportantroleinmultimodetransportationsinChina,whichcontributesagreatdealtodomesticeconomydevelopment.However,mostdomesticfreightcompaniesaresmallscaled,whichdeterminesthattheirtransportationabilityisdecentralized.Suchsituationcauseslotsofproblems.Forexample,lackingofefficientcommunicationchannelsresultsininformationblockbetweenprovidersanddemanders,whichleadsmanytrucksempty-loadedwhentheyreturn.Thus,theusageoftrucksisquitelowwhichwastessocialresourcesinacertaindegree.Anotherquestionisthatdecentralizedmarketstructurebringsonlowcreditoftraders,whichincreasestradingcost,aswellastradingrisksandsoon.Shanghai,asoneofthehighwaymainhub,alsoexistssuchquestionsinitsoverlandfreightmarket.Establishinganeffectivelogisticinformationplatformcansolvetheseproblems.Therateofempty-loadedinreturnisreduced,sothatthesocialresourcesarefullyutilized.Themanagementabilityofmostsmallormiddle-scaledcompaniesisadvancedandtheservicequalityofthemisimproved.Thus,muchmorebusinessopportunitiesaregrasped.Furthermore,aneffectualplatformcanacceleratestandardizedoperationinfreightindustryandimprovemarketenvironmentbyincreasingcreditamongtraders.Thechapterofgeneralplanningstartswithrelatedconceptsoffreightlogisticinformationplatform.Firstly,itanalysesthecharacteristicsoffreightindustry.Secondly,understandingoflogisticinformationplatformispresented.Theessenceistocreateextravaluebyintegratingandsharingusefullogisticinformation.Thirdly,thepurposeoftheplatformisdepictedfromstrategic,tacticalandoperationalviewsuccessively.Theplatformisdividedintothreelevelsfrombottomtotop,thatis,dataservice,applicationprocessinganduserfunctions.Thesethreelevelscoordinatetofulfillusers’commands.Theusersoftheplatformareclassifiedintosevencategories:demandersforfreight,freightagencies,freightcarriers,fieldproviders,managersinfreightindustry,informationsystemserviceprovidersandotherrelatedserviceproviders.Inthearticle,requirementsofdifferentcategorizeduserstowardslogisticinformationarementioned.Onthebasis,thefunctionsofinformationplatformareproperlydesigned.Lastly,quantitativeanalysisisutilizedtoprovethattheeconomicmarginoftheplatformwillenhancewiththeincreaseoftheuserIVscale.Besides,thebusinessmodeoftheplatformisdiscussedinfourdiversifiedoperationmethod,whichsummarizesthatthemostfeasiblemodeisoperatedundergovernmentguidance.Thefreighttradingsystem,asoneofthecorepartsintheplatform,willcreatemorebusinessopportunitiesforlargeamountofsmallormiddle-scaledtransportationcompanies,whichcontributestoreducingtherateofempty-loadedinreturn.Therefore,freighttradingsystemisanalyzedanddesignedatlength.Creditmanagement,asamethodtoincreasemutualtrustoftraders,decreasetradingrisksandenhancetradingefficiency,isintroducedintotradingprocess.Subsequently,thesoftwarerealizationofdatainput,releaseandmanagementinthefreighttradingsystemispresented.Inthisarticle,thearchitectureandmechanismofcreditmanagementmoduleinfreighttradingsystemareilluminated.Acreditsourcestructureas‘basiccreditdata+dynamiccreditdate’isputforwardinthisarticle.Thisstructurecanappraisetraders’creditconditionsefficiently.Moreover,theendogenesisofdynamicdataoffersaconstructivereferencetosettlethedifficultytoobtainsuchkindofdata.Inthefinalpartofthisarticle,thetheoreticalprincipletorealizethecreditmanagementmoduleandsupportedcalculationsarepresented.KEYWORDSroadtransport,logisticsinformationplatform,freighttrading,creditchecking11.12002200275.3%13.4%1985[1][2]11200014030112000/26511Fig11ThelocationsoffreightmarketinShanghai45200158%199012.5%200111007003000320152003“”121.1.3ITS41.2Freightmail[3]5Freightfinder[4]INTRARTIP[5]EDI:ElectronicDataInterchangeDB:DataBaseCVO:CommerceVehicleOperationITSGPSTradePalete[6]TradePalete://TradePaletteInternet5[7]19987199911200020008200220031.361.478[8][9]lllll921[10]12fcfcFig2-1Basictwo-levelstructure21cf[11]10[12~13][14][15][1618][1926]11••••1223Fig2-3Therelationofvariousinfo-platformforlogisticslStrategiclTacticallOperationalGIS/GPS13Fig2-4Servicearchitectureoftheplatform241Web234145[27]25Fig2-5Architectureofcityadvancedlogisticsinformationplatform2615•••••••••Fig2-6Architectureandfunctionsofcityadvancedlogisticsinformationplatform27162828Fig2-8Therelationsofthreefunction-levellGIS/GPSl/2717lllllll29Fig2-9Relationsamongusersoftheplatform21211819l20lllCostReductionCapitalReductionServiceImprovement21021Fig2-10Descriptionofgeneralfunctionsoftheplatform22211/lllllll2.4.2.1CreditChecking232.4.2.2GIS/GPS2.4.2.32.4.2.4242.4.2.52.4.2.62.4.2.72222llll25llllllllGPS/GISllllllllllllllllll(DataFlowDiagram)26P1P3P2P4P5P6P7//Fig2-12DFD0ofplatformll27lllllll2820021314ml/(01)plmp=≤≤ppn1,2,,n……12,,,nppp……iAi1,2,,in=……12nAAAA=UUU…12()npAAAUUU…sE12()snEpAAA=UUU…21iA111()1(1)nnsiiiiEpAp===-=--∏∏222212npppp====…291(1)nsEp=--2333(1)ln(1)nsEppn∂=---∂241(1)nsEnpp-∂=-∂2501p≤≤0sEn∂≥∂0sEp∂≥∂01pnpsE0sEn∂∂nsE14nsEn0sEp∂∂psE1430213Fig2-13Businessmodeoftheplatform145232