纳米颗粒物毒性效应研究进展-林治卿

林治卿,袭著革*,晁福寰(,300050):纳米颗粒物是指尺度在1~100nm的颗粒由于纳米结构所具有的特殊物理化学性质,有关纳米材料和纳米技术的研究已成为当代科学的前沿热点纳米科学技术的飞快发展将可能导致生产方式与生活方式的改变,就在人们逐渐认识纳米科学技术的优点和其潜在的巨大市场的同时,种种迹象已经表明纳米物质具有与常规物质完全不同的毒性,在人类健康社会伦理生态环境可持续发展等方面将会引发诸多问题,影响遍及农业发展计算机医疗制药国防服装等很多方面无论国际还是国内,纳米尺度物质以及技术对人体健康的影响研究刚刚起步它需要生物技术纳米技术医学化学和物理的研究手段进行真正的学科交叉,因此充满了科学创新的机遇:;;:X513:A:1001-5248(2007)05-0383-04(nanoparticles,NPs)1~100nm,(ultrafineparticles,UFPs),Aitken(nucleomodelparticles),(eng-ineeringnanomaterial,eNM)1,NPs100nm;eNPs(engineerednanoparticles),,,NPseNPs,,4nm2,,,;,,,,:(No.90406024;No.30500399):(1976-),,*,,,1,,;,3-5,,,,,,,,,,;,,2383200710255JPrevMedChinPLAOctober2007Vol.25No.5,,,,2.1,,,,,,,,PM10PM2.5,,(COPD),,2.2,()(TiO2),,TiO2,,,20nmTiO2,250nmTiO2:,,,,TiO2CB(carbonblack)Al2O3,,,,,4-5,,3,(ROS)C60(single-walledcarbonnanotuves,SWNTs),,ROS3,6-8,,ROS,C60,,:(1)SWNTs;(2),P450;(3)9-104,,,Ohl11,,,,,,,,,12-13,,(),,,,,8,,384200710255JPrevMedChinPLAOctober2007Vol.25No.5,,14,,,;,,,,,,,,15-16,(),,,,,,,,5,,,,1nm50nm100nm,,,,,,,,,,,,4:,;2,;32010;117,18,,,:1NNI(NationalNanotechnologyInitiative).WhatIsNanotech-nologyEB/OL.2005-03-16.:measurementandobservationsJ.JAerosolMed,2002,15(2):169.3LiN,SioutasC,ChoA,etal.UltrafineparticulatepollutantsinduceoxidativestressandmitochondrialdamageJ.Env-ironHealthPerspect,2003,111:455.4KirschvinkJ,WalkerM,DiebelC.Magnetite-basedmagne-to-receptionJ.CurrOpinNeurobiol,2001,11:462.5LecoanetH,BotteroJ,WiesnerM.LaboratoryassessmentofthemobilityofnanomaterialsinporousmediaJ.EnvironSciTechnol,2004,38:5164.6DerfusAM,ChanWCW,BhatiaSN.ProbingthecytotoxicityofsemiconductorquantumdotsJ.NanoLett,2004,4(1):11.7JooSH,FeitzAJ,WaiteTD.Oxidativedegradationofthecarbothioateherbicide,molinate,usingnanoscalezerovalent385200710255JPrevMedChinPLAOctober2007Vol.25No.5ironJ.EnvironSciTechnol,2004,38:2242.8ZhouYM,ZhongCY,KennedyIM,etal.OxidativestressandNFBactivationinthelungsofrats:asynergisticinterac-tionbetweensootandironparticlesJ.ToxicolApplPhar-macol,2003,190:157.9HughesLS,CassGR,GoneJ,etal.PhysicalandchemicalcharacterizationofatmosphericultrafineparticlesintheLosAngelesareaJ.EnvironSciTechnol,1998,32:1153.10KulmalaM.Formationandgrowthratesofultrafineatmo-sphericparticles:areviewofobservationsJ.JAerosolSci,2004,35:143.11OhlL,MohauptM,CzelothN,etal.CCR7governsskindendriticcellmigrationunderinflammatoryandsteady-stateconditionsJ.Immunity,2004,21:279.12EulissLE,DupontJA,GrattonS,etal.Impartingsize,shape,andcompositioncontrolofmaterialsfornanomedicineJ.ChemSocRev,2006,35(11):1095.13SaravanaKR,VijaalakshmiR.NanotechnologyindentistryJ.IndianJDentRes,2006,17(2):62.14HamptonT.NanowirestakeonneuroscienceJ.JAMA,2006,296(13):1580.15MachR.NanoscaleParticleTreatmentofGroundwaterEB/OL.FederalRemedialTechnologyRoundtable:NavalFa-cilitiesEngineeringCommand.2005-03-16.:453.17ShiJP,EvansDE,KhanAA,etal.Sourcesandconcen-trationofnanoparticles(10nmdiameter)intheurbanat-mosphereJ.AtmosEnviron,2001,35:1193.18AndreN,TianX,LutzM,etal.ToxicpotentialofmaterialatthenanolevelJ.Science,2006,311:622.(:2006-09-04;:2006-12-01)386200710255JPrevMedChinPLAOctober2007Vol.25No.5