初三四大语法-语法

被动语态将下列句子改为被动语态1.TheywrotethebusinesslettersinEnglish.Thebusinessletters____________inEnglish_______.2.Doesheoftenmendhiscar?hiscaroftenbyhim?3.Didyoubuildanewhouselastyear?anewhousebyyoulastyear?4.Lindadidn’tbuyacomputerlastweek.Acomputer_________byLindalastweek.werewrittenbythemIsmendedWasbuiltwasn’tbought5.Thebossmakestheworkersdohardworkdayandnight.Theworkers_____________hardworkdayandnight.6.WesawJimentertheofficejustnow.Jim_________________theofficejustnow.aremadetodowasseentoenterLucysentmeane-maillastnight.I______ane-mailbyLucylastnight.Ane-mail_________mebyLucylastnight..Theyoungtreesmust__________well.(照顾)Jimshouldtakegoodcareofthebaby.Thebaby___________________byJim.Thetree____________(grow)sincethen.wassentwassenttoshouldbetakengoodcareofbelookedafterhasbeengrown6Themeeting________(held)in5days.7Sofar,theplan_________putoff.willbeheldhasbeen•现在完成时态中考针对练习：现在完成时态现在完成时态的基本结构:_________________HehashadaBeijingduck.Hehasn'thadaBeijingduck.HashehadaBeijingduck.Whathashehad?“have/has+过去分词”1.对现在造成的影响或结果。HehasgonetoShanghai.(Heisnotherenow.)考点一：对意义的考查现在完成时态的意义：标志词：句中常含有_______(已经),______(刚刚),_________(尚，还),________(曾经),____________(从不),_________(以前)alreadyjustyeteverneverbefore9【典型考题】1.—WhatareyougoingtodothisSunday?—I____yet.A.won’tdecideB.didn’tdecideC.haven’tdecidedD.amnotgoingtodecide2.——HaveyoulearnedEnglish?——Yes,I'velearnedalot.A.never,everB.ever,neverC.ever,alreadyD.already.ever2.从过去已经开始，持续到现在并有可能延续到将来。(动词的可持续性？)IhavetaughtEnglishsince2006.Hehasbeeninthearmyfortenyears.考点一：对意义的考查现在完成时态的意义：标志词:recently/thesedays,sofar,bynow,in/duringthelast/past+一段时间for+一段时间since+过去时间点【典型考题】1.—Ourcountry_______alotsofar.—Yes,Ihopeitwillbeeven______.haschanged;wellB.havechanged;goodC.havechanged;betterD.haschanged;better2.Thelifeweusedtohavegreatlysince1979.A.changedB.haschangedC.changingD.havechanged考点二：考查have/hasgoneto+地点have/hasbeento+地点(表示次数的词连用)have/hasbeenin/at+地点(与表示一段时间的状语连用)【典型考题】1.——WhereareMariaandKangkang?—--They_____England.A.havebeentoB.areawayC.havegonetoD.hasbeento2.—Youareleavingyourschool.Howdoyoulikeit?—Verymuch,ofcourse.I______thisschoolsinceImovedhere.A.cametoB.havegonetoC.havebeenatD.havebeento非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，close—beclosed,open—beopenfinish/end—beover,catchacold—haveacoldfallasleep/gotosleep—beasleep(sleep)come/getback—beback,go/leave-beawaybecome—be,▲borrow—keep▲buy—have,▲begin/start—beondie—bedead,come/arrive—behere/injoin—bein/beamemberof,marry—bemarried(to)考点三：考查延续性动词与非延续性动词1.Hisfather______thePartysince1978.Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin2.—Doyouknowhimwell?—Sure.We___friendssincetenyearsago.Ａ.wereＢ.havebeenＣ.havebecomeＤ.havemade3.—Howlonghaveyou____here?—Abouttwomonths.Ａ.beenＢ.goneＣ.comeＤ.arrivedDBA【典型考题】BB【典型考题】1.—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.—Really?When___there?Ａ.willtheygoＢ.didtheygoＣ.dotheygoＤ.havetheygone2.—______you___yourhomeworkyet?—Yes.I_____itamomentago.Ａ.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedＣ.Have;done;havefinishedＤ.will;do;finish改错题1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months.2.Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18.3.JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years.4.ThefilmhasbeenonsinceIhavecometothecinema.5.WhenhasMr.Licaughtabadcold?havekepthasbeenin/hasbeenamemberof/hasbeenasoldiersince5yearsago/for5yearscamedidcatch6.Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.7.JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years.8.Howlonghasthefactoryopened?9.IhavegonetoChunhuaMiddleSchooltwice.hashasbeeninbeenopenbeento2010中考题•52.—Howlonghaveyou______youre-book?Itisnice.•—Onlyaboutthreeweeks.•A.hadB.bought•C.receivedD.borrowA2011中考试题•38.Hehasforthreeorfourdays.•A.gotaheadacheB.fallenill•C.caughtacoldD.hadacough78.Sofar,mostofthechildren(see)thefilmHarryPotter.Dhaveseen2012中考题•95.ForJoan,thebird______(come)herfriendsincesheboughtithome.•97.Ihavewaitedforthebusfortwentyminutes.•________haveyouwaitedforthebus?•104.近几年来，济南的西部发生了巨大的变化.•Greatchangeshave________inwesternJinnaninthelastfewyears.hasbeenHowlongtakenplace•宾语从句（直接引语变间接引语）一.连接词宾语从句定义：在复合句中做主句的宾语的句子。二.时态（主过，从过，主现，从需）三.从句的句子顺序：一定要用陈述语序！！1.that引导+陈述句(直接引语为陈述句）3.关系代词引导what,who,which,whose4.关系副词引导where,when,why,how2.if/whether引导（直接引语为一般疑问句）特殊疑问句的5.tell/asksbtodo(直接引语为祈使句）宾语从句(改为间接引语)•注意时态、(主过，从过，主现，从需)•人称、(一随主，二随宾，三不变）•连接词（that/if/疑问词）•陈述语气1.Sheaskedtheman,Areyouwaitingforthebushere?Sheaskedtheman________he______waitingforthebushere.2.Sandysaid,“Iwillseethefilmwithmygirlfriend.”Sandysaidthat__________________seethefilmwithhisgirlfriend.3.NickaskedMia,“Whyareyouexcitedaboutgoingtothebeach?”NickaskedMia______she_____excitedaboutgoingtothebeachthisweekend.hewouldif/whetherwaswaswhy中考模拟1.Iaskedtheboy,“Whatdoyouchatwithyourfriendsonline?”(改写句子，句意不变)Iaskedtheboy___________________withhisfriendsonline.2.Theteacheraskedtheboy,“Doyouoftendoyourhomeworkwithyourclassmates?”(改同义句)Theteacheraskedtheboy________heoften_________hishomeworkwithhisclassmates3.MissWangaskedtheboy,“Wheredoyoukeepallyourpets?”(改写句子，句意不变)MissWangaskedtheboy________________________________allhispets.whathechattedifdidwherehekept4.Iaskedtheboy,“Whydoyouthinkstudentsshouldwearuniforms?”(改写句子，