大学英语-翻译课件-同义反译

同义反译的翻译方法英语和汉语中均有从正面或方面来表达一种概念的现象。翻译时，英语里有些从正面表达的词和句子，译文中可从反面来表达；英语里有些从反面来表达的词或句子，译文中又可从正面来表达。一、原文用肯定语气，译文用否定语气（正话反说）（一）动词Suchachancewasdeniedme.deny:refusetogivesomeoneorpreventsomeonefromhavingsth.askedfororwanted.我没有得到这样一个机会。Shewasirritatedatbeingdeniedtheopportunitytogetapayrise.她没有得到涨工资的机会，非常生气。Youhaverousedmycuriosity.Andnowyoumustgratifyit.你既然挑起了我的好奇心，就别再吊我胃口了。Itescapesyournoticethatsheisinafamilyway.你没注意到她肚子大了。练习Theachethathadpersistedinhischesthadturnedtoseverepain.Ifhehadkepthistemper,thenegotiationwouldprobablyhavebeenasuccess.Thetwoteamstied.（二）副词Wemaysafelysayso.我们这样说万无一失（错不了）。A:Theboyisquiteclever.B:Exactly.甲：这孩子很聪明。乙：一点不错。Thesubversionattemptsprovedpredictablyfutile.不出所料，颠覆活动证明毫无效果。练习Hesaididly,“Well,whatdoesitmatter?”Slowlyhepulledtheletteroutoftheenvelope,andunfoldedit.（三）形容词Itwouldbedisastrousifevenarumorofitweregivenout.甚至只要有一点点风声漏出去，结果就不堪设想。Wearewatchingthefluidsituationwithconcern.我们关切地注视着动荡不定的局势。练习Appearancesareoftendeceptive.Shallowandconceited,heisthelastpersonourcompanywants.Atthenewsofhisfather’sdeath,heremainedquietforseveraldays.（四）介词Thisproblemisaboveme.这问题我不懂。（我解决不了。）Itwasbeyondhispowertosignsuchacontract.他无权签这种合同。Theseplaneswereheldbacktoprotecttheenemy’shomeislandsinsteadofbeingusedwheretheywerebadlyneeded.这些飞机被留在后方保卫敌人本岛，未用于其他急需的地方。（五）名词Byabout6:30thesoundsofaircraft,trucksandtankshadbecomequitefamiliar,butaseriesofsmallexplosionsnearbyseemedcausefornewanxiety.大约到六点半，大家对飞机、卡车和坦克的声音已经很习以为常了。但是附近一些轻微的爆炸声似乎又造成了新的不安。Withinminutesthemencameracinginwiththetwojeeps.Theywereallexcited,sonowIhadtoputonthecalmacttopreventmyworryfromspreading.几分钟后，那些人乘着两辆吉普回来了。所以这时我得故作镇静以免我得不安心情影响他们。（六）短语Theislandersfoundthemselvesfarfromreadytofightthewar.岛上得居民自己远远没有做好作战的准备。Bothsidesthoughtthatthepeaceproposalwasonetheycouldacceptwithdignity.双方认为，那和平建议是一个他们可以接受而不失体面的建议。练习Youshouldseizetheopportunemomenttoputinagoodwordforme.ThenewsoftheassassinationofPresidentLincolnspreadlikewildfire.Thepioneersmadelightofdifficultiesanddangers.（七）句子Hewas75,buthecarriedhisyearslightly.他75岁了，可是并不显老。Myguessisasgoodasyours.我的猜测并不比你的高明。练习Letbygonesbebygones.IthadbeensixorsevenhourssinceIhadhadanythingtoeat,drinkandsmoke.Mr.Willwasashortandskinnywhitemanwithdarkhairandgrayeyes,andasmilethatseemedtobefrozenonhisfaceandeverybodyknewitwasanythingelsebutagenuinesmile.二、原文用否定语气，译文用肯定语气（反话正说）Thehotelstaffsparednopainstoensurethatourstaywasasenjoyableaspossible.酒店工作人员竭尽所能让我们住得舒适。Nothingbutamiraclecouldpreventthecompanyfromgoingbankrupt.只有奇迹发生，这家公司才能免于破产。Hisnegligencewasnothinglessthancriminal.他的粗枝大叶简直是犯罪。他的粗枝大叶无异于犯罪。Don’tlosetimeinhandingintheexercisebooks.立即把作业本交上来。Ifallthreeofyoutakepartinit,therecanbenofurtherquestioningofyourcourage.要是你们三位都参加，那就足以证明你们勇气可嘉。要是你们三位都参加，无疑你们勇气可嘉。Wecouldnotbemoremistaken.我们大错特错。练习Whenhehadtospeak,hisconfidencesuddenlydesertedhim.Isoonrenouncedallthoughtofgettinghomebeforedark.Whenaskedabouthisfutureplan,hewasatalossastowhattosay.Iusedtominimizehisroleorachievement.Mistakesareunavoidablewhenyouarenewtoyourwork.FarbeitfrommetointerfereinyouraffairsbutIwouldliketogiveyoujustonepieceofadvice.Theiractionamountedtotreason.Farfromenjoyingdancing,heloathesit.Heisabovecourtingfavorwiththeinfluential.Thetoughtaskreallybeatme.