形容词副词

形容词、副词高三英语组高三英语第二轮复习系列之形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。性质形容词叙述形容词例如：hot热的直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词有级的变化可以用程度副词修饰可作定语、表语和补语常作表语，所以又称为表语形容词没有级的变化不可用程度副词修饰例如：afraid害怕的可作表语、补语和后置定语副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词；说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。1)时间和频度副词:now,then,often2)地点副词:here,in,home,across3)方式副词:carefully,properly4)程度副词:much,little,very,rather5)疑问副词:how,when,where,why6)关系副词:when,where,why7)连接副词:therefore,moreover,however,otherwise,then.now,then,often,always,usually,early,today,late,next,already,generally,frequently,seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too,twice，immediately,finally,shortly,before,ago,sometimes,yesterday，once.1)时间和频度副词:2)地点副词:here,there,everywhere,anywhere,in,out,inside,outside,above,below,down,back,forward,home,upstairs,downstairs,across,along,round,around,near,off,past,up,away,on.3)方式副词:carefully,properly,anxiously,suddenly,normally,fast,well,calmly,politely,proudly,softly,warmly4)程度副词:much,little,very,rather,so,too,still,quite,perfectly,enough,extremely,entirely,almost,slightly,hardly.5)疑问副词:how,when,where,why.6)关系副词:when,where,why.7)连接副词:therefore,moreover,however,otherwise,then.副词句法功能：Heworkshard.（状语）他工作努力。YouspeakEnglishverywell.（状语）你英语讲的相当好。Isshein?（表语）她在家吗?Let'sbeout.（表语）让我们出去吧。Foodhereishardlytoget.（状语）这儿很难弄到食物。Lethimout!（补语）让他出去！Thevillagerstherearebusygettinginwheat。（定语）--常后置灵活但有规律可循副词的位置一、多数的副词都可以放在动词后面，如果是及物动词，一般就放在宾语后面。例如：Irememberhavingseenhimsomewhere.我记得在哪儿见过他。Herunsfast.他跑得很快。Theylivedhappilyeverafter.从此他们过上了幸福的生活。Hegaveherthemoneyreluctantly.他不情愿地把钱给了她。二、频度副词通常都放在动词前面，但若句子里面有情态动词，助动词或动词be，就放在这类动词的后面。例如：Heoftendoesthis.他常常这样做。Youmustalwaysbearthisinmind.这一点你要常记在心里。Sheisseldomill.她很少生病。Willyoustillbeheretomorrow?明天你还能在这儿吗？三、程度副词一般都放在它所修饰的词的前面。例如：Iamawfullysorryforit.这事我非常抱歉。Idon’tquiteagreewithyou.我不完全同意你的意见。Shewasextremelyfriendly.她极为友好。四、疑问副词：how,when,where,why放在句子的开头。例如：Wheredidhegoyesterday?他昨天去哪儿了？Whydidn’tyouhelpyourclassmateswiththeirlessons?为什么你不帮助你的同学们学习功课？五、关系副词和连接副词放在所连接从句的开头。例如：Ishouldliketoknowwhenthenewtermwillbegin?我想知道新学期什么时候开始。Thatistheplacewherehewasborn.那就是他出生的地方。六、当几个副词用在一起时，通常的顺序是状态副词——地点副词——时间副词。例如：Theyworkedwellhereyesterday.他们昨天在这里工作得很好。Hearrivedsafelythedaybeforeyesterday.他前天安全地到达此地。七、如果副词是修饰整句的话，就放在句首。例如：Fortunatelyhesucceededinit.幸运地他成功了Trulyitisanimportantaffair.这的确是一件重要的事。八、在the+副词比较级的形式中，副词放在句首。例如：Thesooneryoucome,thebetteritwillbe.你来得越早越好。Themoretheytalked,themoreencouragedtheyfelt.九、有些副词位置很灵活，如only和even，可放在与他们意思最密切的词之前：only：OnlyheknowssomeEnglish.只有他懂些英语。Hecanonlyread.Hecan’tspeak.他只会看，不会说。ShespeaksonlyFrench.她只会讲法语。Therewereonlyfivegirlsinourclass.我们班只有五个女生。even:Evenmyfatherdoesn’tknowthisword.连我父亲都不认识这个词。Sheevenhelpedustodoourhousework.她甚至帮助我们做家务。Evenatnightheseldomrelaxed.即使在晚上他也很少休息。ItwascoldeveninAugust.即使在八月这儿也很冷。Hewasafraidtotakeevenadrinkofwater.他连一口水都不敢喝。链接高考1.(2010上海秋季,26)Ittookusquitealongtimetogettotheamusementpark.Itwas_____journey.A.threehourB.athree-hoursC.athree-hourD.threehours【答案】C【解析】此题考查复合形容词数词+连字符+名词的用法,连字符连接的词作名词定语且用单数。意为“三小时的路程”√2.(2000全国)_______totakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.A.BraveenoughstudentsB.StudentsbraveenoughC.EnoughbravestudentsD.Studentsenoughbrave解析：enough应放在所修饰的形容词brave之后，排除选项C和D；braveenough与后面的不定式构成形容词短语作定语，要放在所修饰的名词students之后，排除A。答案是B。√3.(2004辽宁)JohnSmith,asuccessfulbusinessman,hasa______car.A.largeGermanwhiteB.largewhiteGermanC.whitelargeGermanD.Germanlargewhite【答案】B【解析】此题考查多个形容词作定语时顺序问题。其基：本顺序为：限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色)--出处--材料性质，类别--名词√4.(2002北京)Allthepeople______atthepartywerehissupporters.A.presentB.thankfulC.interestedD.important【答案】A【解析】此题考查形容词作后置定语。四选项中只有A项作“出席，在场”讲时是表语形容词，须在句中做后置定语。其它选项作为单个形容词作定语应放在所修饰名词前面√5.(08北京)Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,______.A.hungryandtiredlyB.hungryandtiredC.hungrilyandtiredlyD.hungrilyandtired【答案】B【解析】此题考查形容词在句中作状语，表伴随而不是方式。√6.(1991全国)______Iwenttotherailwaystationtoseemyfriendoff.A.AftereatingquicklymydinnerB.AftermyquicklyeatingdinnerC.AftereatingmydinnerquicklyD.Aftereatingmyquicklydinner解析：quickly是表方式的副词，通常位于“动词(+宾语)”之后，故选C。√7.(上海卷)________,somefamousscientistshavethequalitiesofbeingbothcarefulandcareless.A.StrangelyenoughB.EnoughstrangelyC.StrangeenoughD.Enoughstrange【答案】A【解析】此题考查副词在句中作评注性状语，修饰整个句子。Enough修饰形容词、副词要放在所修饰词之后√8.(1998全国)IfIhad____,I‘dvisitEuropean,stoppingatthesmallinterestingplaces.A.alongenoughholidayB.anenoughlongholidayC.aholidayenoughlongD.alongholidayenough解析：形容词long要放所修饰的名词holiday前；副词enough要放在所修饰的long之后，故选A。√9.(05江西)—MustIturnoffthegasaftercooking?—Ofcourse.Youcanneverbecarefulwiththat..A.enoughB.tooC.soD.very【答案】B【解析】can’t与too或enough搭配表示肯定意思，意为越…越好√10.(2001全国)Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis______itisascience.A.anartmuchasB.muchanartasC.asanartmuchasD.asmuchanartas解析：由固定搭配“as+形容词+[(a/an+)名词]+as”可排除选项A，B和C。答案是D。√11.(2005安徽)Johnisthetallestboyintheclass,_____accordingtohimself.A.fivefooteightastallasB.astallasfivefooteightC.asfivefooteighttallasD.astallfivefooteight解析：astallasfivefooteight=astallasfivefeeteightinches高达五英尺八英寸。答案是B。√12.（2009天津）Itwasanicehouse,but_____toosmallforafamilyoffive.A.rarelyB.fairlyC.ratherD.pretty【解析】【答案】C考查副词辨析。