《History and Traditions》Period Three PPT

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Unit4HistoryandTraditionsPeriodThreePART1语法导学PART2达标检测PeriodThreeDiscoveringUsefulStructures—Pastparticiples(1)astheattributeandtheobjectcomplementPART1语法导学感悟规律重点难点剖析感知以下句子,完成方框下的小题◆语法感知1.Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.2.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.3.TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.1.句1和2中加颜色词汇在句中作定语。句1中为,句2中为。2.句3、4、5和6中加颜色词汇在句中作。3.过去分词作宾语补足语时与宾语构成。4.Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle”anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes,withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.5.JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,wherewecouldgetourcarbatterycharged.6.Whenwefinallyreachedtheservicedesktoaskforaudioguides,wehearditannouncedthattherewerenoaudioguidesleft.前置定语后置定语宾语补足语被动关系一、过去分词作宾语补足语1.过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,leavingthebreakfastuntouched.他起床晚了,没吃早饭就匆忙去上班了。2.过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。(1)“have/get+宾语+过去分词”可以表示两种含义:“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。Clairehadherluggagecheckedanhourbeforeherplaneleft.在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱儿对行李进行了安检。Whiletheywereonholiday,theyhadtheircarbrokeninto.他们在度假时,汽车被撬开了。◆语法精析(2)在“make+宾语+过去分词”这种结构中,过去分词表示结果。TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodbyusingverysimpleEnglish.他们用很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。3.感官动词see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find等后,可用过去分词作宾语补足语。Whenwesawtheroadblockedwithsnow,wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome.当我们看到道路被雪封住后,我们决定在家过假期。Thenextmorningpeoplefoundtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged.第二天早上,人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。4.表示“意愿;命令”的动词,如like,want,wish,expect,order等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。Themanagerorderedtheworkfinishedattheendofthisweek.经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。5.过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy,withadiningtablealreadylaidforamealtobecooked.客厅既干净又整洁,已摆好了餐桌准备盛放待煮的饭菜。Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhisworkfinished,hegladlyacceptedit.约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的工作也做完了,他就欣然接受了邀请。6.非谓语动词(短语)作宾语补足语的区别(1)感官动词(短语)see,watch,observe,lookat,notice,hear,listento,feel等的宾语补足语主要有三种形式,试比较(以hear为例):hear+宾语+doingsth.听到……正在做……(主动、进行)dosth.听到……做了……(主动、完成)done听到……被做(被动、完成或无时间性IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.昨天经过她房间时,我听见她正在唱英文歌。(主动、正在进行)IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动、完成)TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishspokenasmuchaspossible.为了学好英语,我们应该尽可能多地听英语。(被动、无时间性)(2)使役动词make,have,get,keep后加复合宾语的比较make+宾语+dosth.让……做某事(主动)done让……被做(被动)Theshockingnewsmademerealizewhatterribleproblemswewouldface.这令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。Imademyselfknowntothemfirstandthenwetalkedaboutourhobbies.我先向他们作了自我介绍,然后我们谈论了自己的爱好。have+宾语+dosth.使……做某事(主动)doingsth.使……持续做某事(主动、进行)done使……被做(被动)Motherhadmegototheshopandbuysomesalt.妈妈让我去商店买些食盐。Hehaduslaughingallthroughthemeal.整顿饭下来他让我们笑个不停。Myeldersisterhadherwalletstolenonabuslastmonth.上个月,我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。get+宾语+todosth.使……做某事(主动)doingsth.使……开始做某事(主动)done使……被做(被动)Hegotmetoposttheletterforhim.他让我替他寄信。Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后,上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。I’llgetmycellphonerepairedtomorrow.我明天要(请人)修一下我的手机。keep+宾语+doingsth.使……一直做某事(主动、进行)done使……被做(被动)I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.对不起,让你久等了。Shekepthereyesshutandstayedwhereshewas.她紧闭双眼,待在原地未动。with+sb./sth.doing(主动、进行)sth.done(被动、完成)sth.todo(表示将来)WeChatislikeapublicnetwork,withpeoplesharinginformationpublicly;whatevertheysayorpublishcanbeseenbyeverybody.微信像是一个公开网络,人们公开分享信息,不管他们说什么、发布什么,大家都可以看到。(3)with复合结构中宾语补足语的比较Withagreatweighttakenoffhermind,shepassedallthetestssuccessfully.由于放下了极大的思想包袱,她成功地通过了所有考试。Withalotofworktodo,shewasn’tallowedtoleaveheroffice.由于有许多工作要做,她不被允许离开办公室。二、过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语时的位置(1)前置定语一般情况下,单个过去分词作前置定语,即放在所修饰词之前。Thepollutedwaterwastoblameforthespreadofcholera.被污染的水造成了霍乱的传播。Thecuredanimalswillbereleasedsoon.痊愈的动物会很快被释放。[名师点津]①有些过去分词表示特定含义时,单独作定语放在所修饰的名词之后,如left(剩余的),given(所给的),concerned(有关的)等。Therearefewtigersleft.Itistimeforthedepartmentsconcernedtotakemeasurestoprotectthemfromdyingout.剩余的老虎不多了,是相关当局采取措施保护它们免遭灭绝的时候了。②如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等,单个分词放在被修饰词的后面。Isthereanythingunsolved?还有什么没解决的吗?(2)后置定语过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语,即放在所修饰词之后,它的作用相当于一个定语从句。LastTuesdayinamountainousarea,therewereatotalof173sheepkilledalmostimmediately(=whichwerekilledalmostimmediately)whenlightningstruck.上周二在一个山区,当雷击发生时有173只羊即刻被雷电击死。2.过去分词作定语时的意义(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语,在语态上表示被动;在时间上,常表示动作已经发生或完成,有时也不表示时间性。Trucksandbusesweredrivenongascarriedinlargebagsontheroof.(表示被动)卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气,煤气装在车顶上的大袋中。Theplanputforwardatthemeetingwillbecarriedoutsoon.(表示被动和完成)会上提出的计划将很快被执行。(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语,它不表示被动意义,只强调动作完成。Ourretiredsoccercoachwenttowatchusplayagamelastweek.上周我们已退休的足球教练去看我们打了一场比赛。Therisensunisshiningbrightlyinthemorning.早上已升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀。3.过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别意义形式语态时态过去分词被动完成现在分词主动进行Asweallknow,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.众所周知,中国是一个发展中国家。Thevisitorcamefromadevelopedcountry.这位游客来自一个发达国家。4.过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(beingdone)与动词不定式的被动语态(tobedone)作定语的区别意义形式语态时态done被动完成beingdone被动进行tobedone被动尚未发生Thebuildingbuiltlastyearisourclassroombuilding.去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisourclassroombuil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