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7Unit3Languageinuse.It’salsothesubjectthatI’mbestat,althoughmyspokenEnglishisnotthatgood.IcanspeakEnglishwithyouwheneverwemeet.AsChinacontinuestogrow,manypeoplethinkthatChinesewillbecomeascommonasEnglishbythemiddleofthetwenty-firstcentury.让步状语从句原因状语从句IhopeIcancontinuetomakeprogressnextyear.TheBritish,theIndiansandtheChineseallhelp(to)makeitarichlanguage.动词不定式表目的Grammar从句的种类1.名词性从句：1)主语从句2)宾语从句3)表语从句4)同位语从句2.形容词性从句：定语从句3.副词性从句：状语从句①时间状语从句②地点状语从句③条件状语从句④比较状语从句⑤目的状语从句⑥原因状语从句⑦结果状语从句⑧让步状语从句Clauses从句1.时间状语从句常用引导词：when,as,while,before,after,until,whenever,since,assoonas等特殊引导词：theday,theminute,themoment,thesecond,everytime,directly,immediately;nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…whenE.g.:Wecanleavewhenyouareready.Ididn’trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchardthemomenttheysawtheguard.I’lltellyoudirectlyhecomes.Tellmeimmediatelyyouhaveanynews.NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitbegantorain.Ihadhardlyleftwhenthequarrelstarted.2.地点状语从句常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever,anywhere,everywhere＊Generally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.＊Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.注意：不要同where引导的定语从句混淆：※Weshallgowhereworkingconditionsaredifficult.※Weshallgototheplacewhereworkingconditionsaredifficult.3.方式状语从句(位于主句之后)常用引导词：as,asif/though(可用虚拟语气也可用陈述语气)特殊引导词：theway,howWheninRome,doastheRomando.Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.Sometimesweteachourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus.IshallwearmycoathowIlike.4.原因状语从句常用引导词：because,since,as(语气由强到弱)特殊引导词：consideringthat,seeing(that),now(that)Hedidn’tcomebecausehewasill.Now(that)everybodyhascome,let’sbeginourconference.Consideringthatheisnomorethan12yearsold,hisheightof1.80misquiteremarkable.Sinceyouareverybusy,I’lldoitbymyself.5.结果状语从句常用引导词：sothat,so…that,such…that,Hedrovesocarelesslythathiscarcrashesintoatree.Shewassuchanicegirlthateveryonelikedher.IgotupveryearlysothatIcouldcatchtheearlytrain.Takeyourraincoatincaseitrains/(should)rain.常用引导词：sothat,inorderthat，that特殊引导词：lest,incase,forfearthat/of，inthehopethat,onpurposethat6.目的状语从句常用引导词：if,unless,特殊引导词：incase,as/solongas,onlyif,onconditionthat,providing/providedthat,suppose/supposingthatWe’llstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.Youwillcertainlysucceedsolongasyoukeepontrying.Providedthatthereisnoopposition,weshallholdthemeetinghere.7.条件状语从句Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhoughtheweatherisrough.Nomatterhowhardhetried,hecouldnotchangehermind.Hewon’tlistenwhateveryoumaysay.8.让步状语从句常用引导词：though,although,evenif/though特殊引导词：as,while,nomatterwhat/whowhatever,wherever,whenever,however由as引导的让步状语从句，须将作表语的形容词或者名词(前面无冠词)，表示程度的副词(如much)，动词原形放在句首，构成部分倒装。MuchasIrespecthim,Ican’tagreetohisproposal.Childasheis,heknowsmuchabouthisfamily.Tryashemight,hefailedasecondtime.9.比较状语从句Thehouseisthreetimesasbigasours.Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.Foodistomenwhatoilistomachine.食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。HeistallerthanI/me.当as或than引导的从句的主语为人称代词时，可以用主格也可以用宾格。常用引导词：as(同级比较)as…,notso…as…;than(不同程度的比较)特殊引导词：themore…themore…,AistoBwhat/asXistoY;no…morethan1.作动词宾语。wanttodosth.,agreetodosth.,decidetodosth.等结构。这些放在谓语之后的动词不定式作谓语动词的宾语。例如：IdecidetojoinsomestudentclubsandtakepartinmanyactivitiesasIcould.我决定加入一些学生俱乐部，尽我所能的参加活动。NormanBethunewantedtohelpChinesepeople,sohecametoChina.诺曼·白求恩想帮助中国人民，所以他来了中国。2.作宾语补足语。不定式作宾语补足语是v.+名、代+(to)dosth.结构中的不定式。该类不定式变否定时只需要在前面加“not”.其中的to在有些时候可以省略。例如：Itellthentostop,buttheywouldn’t.我让他们停下来，但是他们不听。Theyaskmetoleave.他们让我离开。Let’snotargueaboutthat.我们就别再争论这件事了。3.做目的状语。不定式作目的状语从句时，可以放在句尾，也可以放在句末。Hegotupat5clocktocatchtheearlybus.他五点就起床去赶早班车。Towatchthebaseball,youneedtogototheYankeestadium.想看棒球比赛，你得去扬基体育场。()1.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme____?—Itwillleaveat4:00p.m.(2011盐城)A.howwillyougoShanghaiB.howyouwillgotoShanghaiC.whenwillthebusleaveforShanghaiD.whenthebuswillleaveforShanghaiD()2.Idon’tknowthegirlinred.Couldyoutellme________?(2011湖北黄石)A.whatishernameB.howoldissheC.whoissheD.whereshecomesfromDExercises()3.—Doyouknowthekidwith______Bobistalkingoverthere?—Yes,it’smycousin.(2011湖北黄石)A.whoB.thatC.不填D.whomD()4.---Canyoutellme_____itisfromhometoschool?---Sure.It’saboutthreekilometers.(2011襄阳)A.howmuchB.howlongC.howfarD.howsoonC()5.---Doyouknowtheman______isreadingthebookoverthere?---Yes,he’sMr.Green,ourPEteacher.(2011襄阳)A.whichB.whatC.whomD.whoD()6.Thepeople_____helpedusbuildourhometownarefromBeijing.(2011四川德阳)A.whichB.whomC.whoC1.Completethesentenceswiththewordsorexpressionsinthebox.Theremaybemorethanoneanswer.after,although,because,before,ifsothat,so…that…,when,while1.ManyConfuciusInstituteshavebeensetuparoundtheworld________moreandmorepeoplewanttolearnChinese.because2.Frenchwasmorepopular________Englishbecameimportantinthenineteenthcentury.3.Iwillmakegreatprogress________youhelpmelearnEnglish.4.TonyfindswritingChinesereallydifficult,___________hecanunderstandandspeakChineseprettywell.5.Englishspreadmorequicklyallovertheworld________televisionwasinvented.beforeifafteralthough6.IadviseyoutogotoanEnglishcorner________youcanimproveyourlisteningandspeaking.7.Englishhasbecome________importantinint