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Unit3LanguageinuseIknowthatyouwillbebetteratmaths.TheserosesaretothankthreegroupsofpeopleforthethreemostimportantthingsthatIhavelearnt.Igivethewhiterosetomyteachers,whohavetaughtmethatthereisnosuccesswithouteffort.I’msurethatyouallhaveyourownmemoriesaboutthehappinessofthelastthreeyears,andthepeoplewhomyouwanttothankforit.Readthesesentencesandthinkabouttheirstructures.ThisisthefilmwhichIsawlastnight.ThisisthefilmwhosenameisTitanic.ThemanandthewomanwhomyouseeinthepictureareJackandLucy.Herearetwopicturesthataretakenfromthefilm.JackandLucyaretheheroandtheheroinewholovedeachotherverymuchinthefilm.which指物，作宾语that指物，作主语whose指人，作定语whom指人，作宾语who指人，作主语定语从句在句中作定语,用来修饰某个名词或代词,这个名词或代词叫先行词,而定语从句位于先行词的后面。用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。关系词分关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose)和关系副词(when,where,why)。关系词引导定语从句,指代先行词,并在从句中作一定成分,如作主语、宾语或状语等。用来引导定语从句的关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose。relativesusedforusedaswhichthingsubject（主语）object（宾语）thatthingpersonwhopersonwhompersonobject（宾语）whoseperson/thingattribute（定语）◆that引导的定语从句that引导定语从句时,既可以指人,也可以指物,在从句中可以作主语或宾语。Heisapersonthatdoeswhathesays.(person是先行词,that在从句中作主语)他是一个说话算数的人。ThecatthatIboughtyesterdayisill.(cat是先行词,that在从句中作宾语)我昨天买的那只猫病了。◆who引导的定语从句who引导定语从句时只能指人,在从句中可以作主语或宾语。Afriendwhohelpsyouwhenyouhavetroubleisarealfriend.(friend是先行词,who在从句中作主语)在你有困难时帮助你的朋友才是真正的朋友。whom也可以引导定语从句,在从句中只能作宾语,有时可以和who互换,但介词后只能用whom,不能用who。Heisthemanwho/whomIhavebeenlookingfor.=HeisthemanforwhomIhavebeenlooking.他就是我一直在找的人。◆which引导的定语从句which引导定语从句时,只能指物,在从句中可以作主语或宾语。Iwanttotakeawaythebookwhichyoushowedmeyesterday.(book是先行词,which在从句中作宾语)我想带走你昨天给我看的那本书。注意:◆在由that,who和which引导的定语从句中,当它们在从句中作主语时,都不可以省略；作宾语时,都可以省略。◆介词后面只能用which或whom,不能用that或who。Therearelotsofthings(that)Ineedtopreparebeforethetrip.Doyouknowthegirlwho/thatissingingintheclassroom?Thisisthebiggestfish(that)Ihaveeverseen.Fingerfoodisthefood______________________________whichweeatwithourfingersAhandbagisasmallbag_____________________________whichwomenusetocarrytheirthingsSchool-leaversareyoungpeople_____________________________whoareleavingschoolCompletethesentencesusingwhich,that,whoorwhom.1Aclassmateissomeone______________________________whoisinthesameclassasmeAfriendissomeone_____________________________ItrustAstrangerissomeone_____________________________whomIdon’tknow①Howdoyouknowthatthepartyisinternational?②Whyarethepeoplecheering?③Whatdoyouthinkthepersonmakingaspeechissaying?Lookatthepictureandthemenu.Discussthequestions.2①Howdoyouknowthatthepartyisinternational?②Whyarethepeoplecheering?③Whatdoyouthinkthepersonmakingaspeechissaying?Ithinkthepartyisinternationalbecausethefoodisinternational.Ithinkthepeoplearecheeringbecausetheyarehappyaboutwhatthespeakerissaying.Ithinkthespeakerissayingthatnowthespeechisoveranditistimetoeat!1.Theboy_____(who/which/where)Italked2.withjustnowisoneofmybestfriends.3.2.Thisisthedictionary________(who/which/what/whose)Mumgavemeformybirthday.4.3.Thebook_____(where/that/whose)pagesarebrokenisstillonthefloor.5.4.WeknowJackieChan______(who/which/whose)isaveryfamousmoviestar.6.5.ProjectHopeisonlyoneoftheprogrammes____(where/who/that)wassetuptohelpthosepoorchildren.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectwords.whowhichwhosewhothat根据句意,用正确的关系代词填空。Heistheman__________isreadytohelpothers.2.Thegirl________________Ispoketojustnowismyfriend.3.Thedress___________youboughtinthecitymallismadeofsilk.4.Billlikesmusic___________hecansingalongwith.that/whothat/who/whomthat/whichthat/which5.Thisisthevillage__________Iusedtolivein.6.Womenalwayslikebuyingmanythings_____________theydon’tneedatall.7.I’mstudyingasubject___________Iamveryinterestedin.8.Thegirlwith________Iwentshoppingyesterdayismycousin.that/whichthat/whichthat/whichwhom注意:◆关系词只能用that的情况:a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which。例如:Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.b.被修饰的先行词为all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,theone等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which。例如:Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop?c.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,little,few等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which。例如:ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.d.先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that,而不用which。例如:IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that。例如:Whoisthegirlthatiscrying?f.主句是therebe结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which。例如:ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.单项选择1.Ilikemusic_______greatlyrics.A.thathaveB.thathasC.whohaveD.whohas2.Theyaretalkingaboutthingsandpersons_______theysawthereafewdaysago.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whatBC3.Thisisthehighestbuilding_______I’veeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where4.Ireallydidn’tknowanything_______happenedtoJimyesterday.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.thatBD5.---Whoistheman_______isstandingoverthere?---Oh,heismymathteacher.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which6.Thebuilding_______isoveronehundredyearsoldisveryfamoushere.A.whichB.whatC.whenD.whereCA一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。eg:WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）语序时态三、引导宾语从句的词有：(1)连词that(在口语中that常可省略）。如：Heknows(that)Jimwillworkhard.在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引导的宾语从句中，tha