我国风险投资发展现状、问题及对策分析

精选吉林大学珠海学院毕业论文我国风险投资发展现状、问题及对策分析系别：国际贸易与金融系专业名称：金融学学生姓名：林若伦学号：12122027指导教师姓名、职称：张伟伟教授完成日期：2016年4月1日I摘要从20世纪80年代以来，我国非常看重科学技术的发展，采取了很多政策,而且从21世纪以来，我国便逐渐推广和发展具有中国特色的风险投资体系，目的是让这种投资体系促进我国高新技术产业的发展和科学的创新。随着我国社会经济的发展尤其是高科技产业的快速发展，风险投资已经成为推动我国的科学研究成果市场化、高新科技产业化、科技公司发展壮大的催化剂。但是，与西方欧美发达国家相比，我国在风险投资这一块做得非常不足，我国风险投资正处于萌芽阶段，缺乏对高新技术产业有效的运作和管理，使高新技术产业的大规模发展遇到部分障碍，很多方面做的还不够。本文在继承和借鉴国内外己有的关于风险投资研究成果的基础上通过分析研究我们国家风险投资发展的现状和所存在的各种各样的问题,探索构建我国风险投资体系，对我国风险投资发展中遇到的问题和需要解决的实际难题,结合实际，为我国风险投资体系的建设提供积极的建议。关键词：风险投资；金融体系；创业投资；IIAbstractSince1980s,Chinaattachesgreatimportancetothedevelopmentofhighandnewtechnologyindustry,hastakenaseriesofpoliciesandmeasures,especiallyinrecentyears,theChinesegovernmentactivelypromotingandestablishingthesystemofventurecapital.Inordertothroughthisspecialwayofpromotingthedevelopmentofhigh-techindustryinourcountry.However,asChina'seconomicdevelopment,especiallythedevelopmentofhigh-techindustry,venturecapitalhasbecomeanimportantfactortopromotethecommercializationofscientificresearchresults,theindustrializationofhighandnewtechnology,andthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyenterprises.Comparedwithdevelopedcountries,Chinaintheriskinvestmentthisisnotdoingenough,riskinvestmentinourcountryisstillininitialstage,lackofeffectiveforhightechnologyindustryoperation,thelarge-scaledevelopmentofthehigh-techindustrytoacertaindegreeofinhibition,manyaspectsstillneedstobeimproved.Inthispaper,theinheritanceandreferenceathomeandabroadhassomeresearchabouttheriskinvestmentbasedontheanalysisofthepresentsituationofthedevelopmentofriskinvestmentandexistingproblems,toexploretheconstructionofriskinvestmentinourcountryisthebestwayandtheproblemsencounteredinthedevelopmentofriskinvestmentinChinaandtheneedtosolvepracticalproblems,findoutandacceleratethedevelopmentcountermeasuresofriskinvestmentinourcountry.Keywords:Riskinvestment;Financialsystem;Venturecapital;III目录摘要................................................................ⅠAbstract............................................................Ⅱ1风险投资概述....................................................................................................................................11.1风险投资的简要概述..........................................................................................11.2风险投资的特点..................................................................................................11.2.1风险投资其实是权益资本.......................................................................11.2.2风险投资有着非常高的风险...................................................................11.2.3风险投资具有相当高收益性...................................................................21.2.4风险投资偏向于长期的投资..................................................................21.2.5风险投资具有高专业化和程序化的组合投资特点..............................21.3风险投资的意义.................................................................................................21.3.1风险投资能够促进技术发展和提高创新能力和国家的竞争力..........21.3.2风险投资具有让经济保持增长潜能......................................................31.3.3风险投资促进了国民科学文化素质培养............................................31.3.4风险投资是科技创新的动力..................................................................32我国风险投资发展现状......................................................................................................................52.1整体资金规模较小，政府资金占绝大部分.....................................................52.2投资资行业分布广泛.........................................................................................52.3投资区域主要集中在东部发达地区.................................................................62.4科技实力不足.....................................................................................................63我国风险投资所存在的现实问题.....................................................................................................73.1风险资本供给不足.............................................................................................73.2政府扶持不够.....................................................................................................73.3风险投资主体的单一性.....................................................................................7IV3.4风险投资在最后存在很大的退出困难.............................................................83.5能够从事风险投资相关的人才十分少.............................................................84我国风险投资对策及分析.................................................................................................................94.1拓展风险资本来源.............................................................................................94.1.1充分利用民间资本..................................................................................94.1.2积极吸收外国风险资本..........................................................................94.1.3大力加强资金市场体系的组织建设......................................................94.2加大政府的扶持力度.........................................................................................94.3培育多种风险投资主体...................................................................................104.4构建完善风险投资退出渠道..................................................................