压裂作业船

Theworld’smostexperiencedstimulationvesselBIGORANGEXVIIITheBIGORANGEXVIIIistheworld’smostexperiencedstimulationvessel,purpose-builtforenvironmentally-safeNorthSeaoperations.VesselspecificationsTheBIGORANGE*XVIIIstimulationvesselistheproductofyearsofSchlumbergerexperience.Unlikemostalternativevessels,sheispurpose-builtforwellstimulationwithblending,pumpingandstoragesystemsincorporatedfromtheoutsetinthevessel’suniquedesign.Theresultisareliablestimulationvesselwhichhasaprovenrecordforeffi-ciency,executingeverythingfromthesmallestmatrixtreatmentstoverylargehydraulicfracturingoperations.TheBIGORANGEXVIIIvesselisdesignedspecificallyforoperationsintheNorthSea.Theimpressivespecifi-cationsensurecompliancewiththeDetnorskeVeritas(DnV)“WellStimulationVessel”ClassRules.ThespecificationsfeatureDnVDynposAUTRClassIIapproveddynamicpositioning,superiorhandlingandcontrol,highstability,eveninthemostextremeconditions,andanairmonitoringandconditioningsystemcapableofisolatingthecontrolcen-tresandaccommodationsfromanH2Senvironment.TheBIGORANGEXVIIIvesselhasbeendesignedtostayonstationintoughNorthSeaconditions.Twobowthrustersandtwoazimuthsternthrustersofferauniquelevelofmanoeuvrabilityand,whencontrolledbytheprovenKöngsbergADP702dynamicpositioningsystem,theyenablethevesseltoautomaticallymaintainstation,eitheralongsideorstern-on,toplatforms,semisandjack-ups,eveningaleforceconditions.StimulationcapabilityAttheheartofthevesselistheblend-ingandpumpingsystemdesignedtoexecutecomplexstimulationtreat-ments.Carefulplanningoftheoverallpackagepermitsthepreparationandblendingofthemostcomplexfluidsfromalmostanycombinationofgellingagents,crosslinkers,gelbreak-ers,frictionreducers,surfactants,demulsifiers,corrosioninhibitors,fluid-lossadditivesandtheprecisecontrolofproppantadditionoverthefullrangeoftreatmentrates.Thesystemcomprises:Sixelectricandthreemodular-diesel,high-pressurepumps,delivering12,000hhp.Sixseparateproppantbinswithatotalcapacityof15,400ft3,eachfit-tedwithanindependentspeed-con-trolledconveyorcapableofdelivering110ft3/minofsandtoacentral30BBLblenderoreitherofthetwoindependentoptimumden-sityblenders(POD)forprecisiondensitycontrol.Sixbulkstoragerubberlinedtanksholding180,000galof36%HCl.Therequiredacidtreatmentconcentra-tionsareachievedthroughthein-linemixingofrawacid.Tenstainless-steelagitatedliquidadditivetanks,eachwithacapacityof1500gal,fittedwithindependentcomputer-controlledinjectionpumps.Anitrogensystemwithastoragecapacityof2.2MMscf,andamaxi-mumdeliveryrateof37,500scf/min.A“state-of-the-art”precisioncontin-uousmixersystem(PCM).ThistechnologyhasbeenimplementedontheBIGORANGEXVIIIvesseltomaximisethecosteffectivenessofstimulationtreatments.Itallowsthecontinuousmixingofgeltreatmentsupto900,000galwithvirtuallynomaterialwasteand,therefore,mini-mumenvironmentalimpact.Allphasesofthestimulationtreat-mentarecontrolledremotelyfromacentralcommandcentre.Continuousmonitoringandcontrolofcriticalparametersensurethehighestdegreeofqualitycontrolandassurance.Treatmentsareperformedviaflexi-bletreatinglinestotherigwhichfea-turea“quickdisconnect”couplingallowingasafeandexpedientwith-drawalofthevesselshouldanemer-gencyarise.BPAmoco,Valhall.HamiltonBrothers,Ravenspurn.Shell,Leman.BP,Harding.ProppantstorageAtotalof15,400ft3ofproppantcanbestoredinsixper-manentlymountedgravitybins.Eachisfittedwithaninde-pendentvariable-speedpositivedis-placementconveyorfortheaccuratedeliveryofproppanttotheblender.Eachconveyorcandeliverproppantatupto110ft3/min.Theadditionofproppanttotheblenderiscomputedbyprocesscontrollerssothatanychangeintreatmentrateiscompensat-edforautomaticallytoensurethecor-rectconcentrationisachievedunderalloperatingconditions.Twoproppantbins,withatotalcapacityof1900ft3,arespeciallydesignedforthehighcon-centrationdeliveryoftail-insuchasresin-coatedproppant.Sand:100lb/ft3Lightweightproppant:97lb/ft3Intermediatestrength:116lb/ft3Bauxite:134lb/ft3SeawaterfilterAllseawaterusedfortreatmentpur-posesisfilteredto10microns(nomi-nal).Thisunitcanoperateatupto60BPMandisself-monitoringtoensuremaximumperformancefromeachfilterelement.LiquidadditivesTen1500galstain-less-steelliquidad-ditivetanksareeachmanifoldedtoanindividualcomputer-controlledpositivedisplacementpump.Ratesofeachliq-uidadditivecanbecontrolledbyacentralprocessorwhichautomaticallycompensatesforanychangesintreat-mentrate.Individualindependentflowmetersandtanklevelgaugesinthemastercontrolroomallowaddition-rateaccuracytobeconfirmedthrough-outthetreatment.ContinuousgelmixingLengthybatchmixingisavoidedbyusingthePCMprecisioncontinuousmixer.Gelisprepared“onthefly”en-suringthemaximumutilisationofma-terialswithminimalexcessrequiredfor“tankbottoms”.Providinggelload-ingsfrom5lb/1000galto80lb/1000galatupto70BPMandaninstantaneousgelloadingresponsetotheblenderoflessthanfiveseconds,itensuresanaccurateandeconomicsolutiontogelpreparation.AcidstorageRawacidisstoredinsix30,000galtanksallowing240,000galof28%HClor475,000galof15%HCltobemixedin-line.Deliverytothehigh-pressurepumpsatupto60BPMcanbeachieved.Blendingsyst