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1非谓语动词动词除了在句子中充当谓语外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质动词的非谓语形式，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语等，称作非谓语动词，包括动词不定式、分词和动名词。高考重点要求：1、注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定非谓语动词的时态形式2、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确定非谓语动词的语态形式一、理论知识（《全优课堂》P302-304页请找出以下句子的谓语动词和非谓语动词Thedinosaurwasforcedtoadaptandevolvedintoasmalleranimalneedinglessspaceandfood.谓语动词____________________非谓语动词___________________非谓语动词的三种基本形式表主动，将来_____________表主动，进行_____________表被动，完成_____________分析一下不定式的形式及意义1/Weallexpecttheboytowinthematch.(todo表______________)2/Theproblemtobediscussedtomorrowisofgreatimportance.(tobedone表_____________)3/Tomwasconsideredtohavebrokenthecup.(tohavedone表_________________)4/ThecupwasconsideredtohavebeenbrokenbyTom.(tohavebeendone表______________)5/Theboyispretendingtobelisteningcarefully.(tobedoing表___________________)分析一下动词ing的形式及意义1/Thegirlstandingoverthereismysister.(doing表__________________)2/TheroadbeingrepairednowiscalledBinjiangRoad.(beingdone表_______________)3/Havingfinishedherhomework,Lilywentouttoplaytabletennis.(havingdone表_______)4/Havingbeentoldthebadnews,hecouldn’thelpcrying.(havingbeendone表___________)分析一下动词ed的形式及意义Thephototakenbythephotographerisquiteeye-catching.(done表_____________________)非谓语动词的否定式：not放在该非谓语动词之前如：nottobedone,nothavingbeendone,notdoneAnydifferencebetween“done”and“havingbeendone”?被告知了这令人兴奋的消息，他感到兴奋。Havingbeentoldtheexcitingnews,hewasexcited.Toldtheexcitingnews,hewasexcited.*havingbeendone和done都可以作状语表示动作完成和被动，但havingbeendone强调动作发生在谓语动词之前。这是一栋由著名建筑师设计的楼房。Thisisabuildingdesignedbyafamousarchitect.(right)Thisisabuildinghavingbeendesignedbyafamousarchitect.(wrong)*done可作后置定语havingbeendone不能充当后置定语2非谓语在句子中可充当的成分：主语宾语表语定语状语补语todoV-ingV-ed二、做题方法1.______manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.2.______manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ToldC.HewastoldD.Thoughhehadbeentold（一）、分析_______________，确定________与__________.（二）、找逻辑_____________,确定_________.（三）、找_________________，确定_________.1.It___ahotday,sowedecidetogoout.2.It___ahotday,we’dbettergoswimming.3.___arainyday;wedecidednottogoout.A.isB.tobeC.beingD.ItbeingE.ItwasF.been※注意标点符号※常出现的考点1.英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词,其现在分词表示“令人……的”,其过去分词表示(人)感到……的”.如：astonished,astonishing.2.一些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而表示状态，这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(迷路),seated(坐)，born(出身于),relaxed(放松),worried/surprised…,lost/absorbedin(沉迷于);dressedin(穿着);tiredof(厌烦)eg:Lostinthought,hedidn’tcatchwhatIsaid.Dressedinasuit,helookssmarttoday.3.使役动词和感官动词句式意思宾语宾补关系havesb.dosth.(getsb.todo)havesth./sb.doingsth.havesth.doneseesb.dosth.seesb.doingsth.seesth./sb.done34.分词作状语时,分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致Givenanotherchance,Icanalsopasstheexam.Followingtheteacher,thechildrenwenttothepark.5.不定式作状语，常表示目的Timsatnearthefiretogetwarm.Theathletespractisedhardtowinthematch.6.onlytodo----表示结果Itriedthedoor,onlytofinditlockedinside.7.当物做主语时,在need,want,require动词后常用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于不定式的被动形式.Thequestionsneeddiscussing.Thequestionsneedtobediscussed.8.有些动词后既可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语,意思区别不大;有些动词后既可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语,意思区别很大.remember_______记住去做某事(不要忘记做)remember_______记得做过某事(已做)forget_______忘了去做某事(没做)forget_______忘记了做过某事(已做)regret_______遗憾要做某事(say/tell/inform)regret_______懊悔做过某事stop_______.停止做某事stop_______.停下来去做某事mean_______.打算/存心做某事mean_______.意味着做某事try_________.尝试着做某事try_________.尽量/努力做某事goon________.继续做某事(同一件)goon________.接着做另外一件事cannothelp___________.不能帮助做某事cannothelp___________.禁不住要做某事9.不定式的主动形式表示被动意义1/.不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系,有和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时Ifyouwanttomakeevengreaterprogressinyourstudies,youstillhavemanydifficultiestoovercome.Heneedsaroomtolivein.2/.动词不定式放在作表语和宾语补足语的形容词后,(主语+系动词+形容词+不定式;主语+动词+宾语+形容词+不定式),不定式用主动表被动Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.Thepassageistoohardtotranslate.Ifoundthecarcomfortabletoridein.He’samaneasytogetonwith.Thatmakespoetrydifficulttowrite.3/.不定式与疑问代词连用时Insociety,Ireallydon’tknowwhotocompetefairlywith.Sheisamotheroftwochildren,sosheknowswhattoexpectinherjob.三、非谓语动词与高考1.非谓语动词在语法填空的考查（2007年）……Whileshewasgettingme_34_______(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom,theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto(35)__a_smalltownsome204kilometresaway(36)wheretherewasagarage.(2008年)ChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeople’sdailylife.(31)Behindtheseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop_32_______(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.(2009年)Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult(31)itwastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishedthathewasaseasy_32_________(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.(2010年)……Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet(36)anotherstudenttastethewater.Hespititout,_37_________(say)itwasawful.Apparently,itwasnolongerfreshbecauseoftheoldleathercontainer（2011年）Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman__18(sit)atthefront.Behindhimwereotherpeopleto21.whomhewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutes,22.hewalkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.(2012年)Marywillneverforgetthefirsttimeshesawhim.Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday,_________(wear)sunglasses.(2013年)Inthebeginning,therewasonlyaverysmallamountofunfairnessintheworld,buteveryoneaddeda