《三级笔译实务》1.英译汉:Beaverton:Oregon’sMostDiverseCityStrollthroughthefarmers’marketandyouwillhearaplethora(过多)oflanguagesandseearainbowoffaces.DrivedownCanyonRoadandstopforhalalmeatorFilipinoporkbellyatadjacentmarkets.Alongthehighway,browsetheaislesofagiantAsiansupermarketstockingfreshnapacabbageandmizunaorfreshkimchi.Headtowarddowntownandyou’llseeloncheras—tacotrucks—onstreetcornersandhearSpanishbandamusic.Onthecity’snorthernedge,youcansampleIndianchat.漫步农贸市场,你会听到各种声音,看到形象色色的面孔。驾车行驶在卡农大街上,沿路停下来买些清真肉制品或在邻近的市场上买些菲律宾猪肚。沿着高速公路行驶,逛逛巨大的亚裔超市,放眼望去,那些新鲜的小白菜,日本沙拉菜还有朝鲜的新鲜泡菜陈列铺展在你的眼前。向市中心开去,你能在街角看到卖墨西哥煎玉米卷的塔克卡车,还能听到西班牙班达乐队的音乐。在城市北部边缘,你能品尝到印度菜。WelcometoBeaverton,aPortlandsuburbthatishometoOregon’sfastestgrowingimmigrantpopulation.Oncearuralcommunity,Beaverton,population87,000,isnowthesixthlargestcityinOregon—withimmigrationrateshigherthanthoseofPortland,Oregon’slargestcity.欢迎来到波特兰市郊的比弗顿!这里有着俄勒冈州增长最快的移民群体。比弗顿镇曾经是一个有87,000人口的农业区,现在却成为俄勒冈州第六大城市——移民率高于勒冈州最大的城市波特兰市。BestknownastheworldheadquartersforathleticshoecompanyNike,Beavertonhaschangeddramaticallyoverthepast40years.SettledbyimmigrantsfromnorthernEuropeinthe19thcentury,todayitisaplacewhere80languagesfromAlbaniantoUrduarespokeninthepublicschoolsandabout30percentofstudentsspeakalanguagebesidesEnglish,accordingtoEnglishasaSecondLanguageprogramdirectorWeiWeiLou.比弗顿因其作为世界耐克运动鞋公司的总部而广为人知,但是在过去40年当中却发生了巨大的变化。据“英语作为第二语言项目”的主管卢微微所说,19世纪,来自北欧的移民在此定居,今天此地的公立学校操从阿尔巴利亚语到乌尔都语的80多种语言,现在有30%的学生除了英语之外,都会说另一种语言。Beaverton’swaveofnewresidentsbeganarrivinginthe1960s,withKoreansandTejanos(TexansofMexicanorigin),whowerethefirstpermanentLatinos.In1960,Beaverton’spopulationofLatinosandAsianswaslessthan0.3percent.By2000,BeavertonhadproportionatelymoreAsianandHispanicresidentsthanthePortlandmetroarea.Today,Asianscomprise10percentandHispanics11percentofBeaverton’spopulation.1960年,比弗顿的拉美裔和亚裔人口不到0.3%。到2000年,比弗顿的亚裔和拉美裔人口比例超过波特兰都市区。比弗顿在1960年代迎来第一波新居民潮,先是韩国人和提加洛人(原籍墨西哥的德克萨斯人)——后者是第一批拉美裔永久居民。在1960年,比弗顿的拉美裔和亚裔人口不到0.3%。到2000年,比弗顿的亚裔和拉美裔人口比例超过波特兰都市区。今天,亚裔占比弗顿人口的10%,拉美裔占11%。MayorDennyDoylesaysthatmanyinBeavertonviewtheimmigrantswhoarerapidlyreshapingBeavertonasasourceofenrichment.“Citizenshereespeciallyintheartsandculturecommunitythinkit’sfantasticthatwehaveallthesedifferentpossibilitieshere,”hesays.市长丹尼·道尔说,在比弗顿的许多人看来,迅速重塑比弗顿的移民让生活变得丰富。他说:“这里的市民,特别艺术和文化圈人士,认为此地拥有种种不同的可能性,实在非常美妙。”GloriaVargas,50,aSalvadoranimmigrant,ownsapopularsmallrestaurant,Gloria’sSecretCafé,indowntownBeaverton.“IloveBeaverton,”shesays.“IfeellikeIbelonghere.”HermothermovedhertoLosAngelesasateenagerin1973,andshemovedOregonin1979.ShelandedacovetedvendorspotintheBeavertonFarmersMarketin1999.Nowinadditiontorunningherrestaurant,shehasoneofthemostpopularstallsthere,sellingupto200Salvadorantamales—wrappedinbananaleavesratherthancornhusks—eachSaturday.“Oncetheybuymyfood,theyalwayscomebackformore,”shesays.50岁的葛络瑞娅.瓦格斯是个萨尔多瓦移民,在比弗顿市中心拥有一个很有名气的小饭店,叫葛络瑞娅神秘餐馆。“我喜欢比弗顿市,”她说。“我感觉自己就属于这里”。“在1973年她十几岁的时候,她的妈妈带她移居到洛杉矶。1979年,又搬到了俄勒冈州。1999年,在比弗顿农贸市场,它拥有了一块自己梦寐以求的摊位。现在除了经营她的餐馆外,她还在那有一个最受欢迎的小摊,每周六都会卖出多达200张的萨尔多瓦玉米粉蒸肉,都是用香蕉叶而不是玉米皮包装好了的。”一旦他们买我的食物,他们通常都会回,“她说。“It’sprettyrelaxedhere,”saysTajSuleyman,28,bornandraisedinLebanon,andrecentlytransplantedtoBeavertontostartajobworkingwithimmigrantsfrommanycountries.HalfMiddleEasternandhalfAfrican,SuleymansayshewasattractedtoBeavertonspecificallybecauseofitsdiversity.Heservesonacity-sponsoredDiversityTaskForcesetupbyMayorDoyle.28岁的泰姬苏莱曼,在黎巴嫩出生长大,只是最近刚迁居到比弗顿和来自许多国家的移民一起工作。他说,“这里的生活很轻松的”。一半中东血统,一半非洲血统,苏莱曼说,比弗顿特别吸引他的地方就在于它的多元性。他在道尔市长设立由市府赞助的多元特别工作组供职。MohammedHaque,originallyfromBangladesh,findsBeavertonverywelcoming.Hisdaughter,heboasts,wasevenelectedherhighschool’shomecomingqueen.来自于孟加拉国的穆罕默德哈克,发现比佛顿是个非常热情的小镇。他自豪地说,他的女儿甚至当选为所就读高中的返校节皇后。SouthAsianssuchasHaquehavetransformedBethany,aneighborhoodnorthofBeaverton.ItisdensewithimmigrantsfromGujarat,astateinIndiaandprimarysourceforthefirstwaveofBeaverton’sSouthAsianimmigrants.像哈克这样的南亚人已经改变了比佛顿北边的贝瑟尼社区的面貌。大量来自印度古吉拉特市的移民聚居此地,成为第一波来到比佛顿的南亚移民。ThefirstwaveofSouthAsianimmigrantstoBeaverton,mostlyGujaratisfromIndia,arrivedinthe1960sand1970s,whenthemotelandhotelindustrywasbooming.ManyboughtsmallhotelsandoriginallysettledinPortland,andthenrelocatedtoBeavertonforbetterschoolsandbiggeryards.ThesecondwaveofSouthAsiansarrivedduringthehigh-techboomofthe1980s,whenthesoftwareindustry,andIntelandTektronix,reallytookoff.1960s和1970s,汽车旅馆和酒店产业繁荣发展,于是大部分来自印度古吉拉特市的人们来到比弗顿市,形成第一次南亚移民热潮。许多人买了小酒店,最初定居在波特兰市,随后为了寻求更好的教育和更大的院子,搬到了比佛顿市。在1980s,高科技得到蓬勃发展,软件行业,互联网还有美国泰克取得很大成功,因此此时形成了第二次南亚移民浪潮。ManyofBeaverton’sAsiansconvergeatUwajimaya,a30,000-square-footsupermarketnearcentralBeaverton.BernieCapell,formerspecialeventscoordinatoratUwajimaya,saysthatmanycometoshopforfreshproduceeveryday.ButthebiggestgroupofshoppersatUwajimaya,sheadds,areCaucasians.市中心附近一家占地30000平方英尺的超市宇和岛屋成为比弗顿亚裔居民的汇聚地。曾任宇和岛屋特别活动协调人的伯尼·卡佩尔说,每天都有许多人来购买新鲜农产品。不过她说,宇和岛屋最大的购物群体是高加索人。Beaverton’sAsianpopulationboastsasizablenumberofKoreans,whobegantoarriveinthelate1960sandearly1970s.AccordingtoTedChung,anativeofKoreaandBeavertonresidentsince1978,threethingss