sentence-types-英语句子类型

SentenceStructure:SentenceTypesSentenceTypesSimpleCompoundComplexCompound-ComplexBasicElementsofEverySentenceSUBJECTPREDICATEBasicElementsMaryplaystennis.SUBJECTPREDICATESIMPLESENTENCEMaryplaystennis.SUBJECTPREDICATEonesubjectonepredicateSimpleSentenceplaytennis.TomandMaryCompoundSubject&SimpleSentenceplaytennisandswim.TomandMaryCompoundSubjectCompoundPredicate&&SIMPLESENTENCEwithcompoundsubjectTomandMaryplaytennis.SIMPLESENTENCEwithcompoundsubjectandcompoundpredicateTomandMaryplaytennisandswim.CompoundSentencewithCoordinatingConjunctionsSUBJECTPREDICATESUBJECTPREDICATEandCompoundSentenceTomswims,Maryplaystennis.andCOMPOUNDSENTENCE:COORDINATINGCONJUNCTIONSFORANDNORBUTORYETSOTomswims,andMaryplaystennis.COMPOUNDSENTENCE:COORDINATINGCONJUNCTIONSClause1Clause2IndependentIndependentCOMPOUNDSENTENCE:COORDINATINGCONJUNCTIONSTomswims,andMaryplaystennis.Commabefore“and”incompoundsentences!COMPOUNDSENTENCE:CONJUNCTIVEADVERBSMOREOVERHOWEVEROTHERWISETHEREFORECOMPOUNDSENTENCE:CONJUNCTIVEADVERBSBobishandsome;moreover,heisrich.Clause1Clause2IndependentIndependentCOMPOUNDSENTENCE:CONJUNCTIVEADVERBSNote:Semicolonbeforeconjunctiveadverbandcommaafterconjunctiveadverb!Bobishandsome;moreover,heisrich.ConjunctiveAdverbs“float”Conjunctiveadverbsaresometimescalled“floating”adverbsbecausetheycanbepositionedatthebeginning,inthemiddle,orattheendofaclause.CONJUNCTIVEADVERB:ATTHEBEGINNING,INTHEMIDDLE,ATTHEENDBobishandsome;moreover,heisrich.Bobishandsome;heis,moreover,rich.Bobishandsome;heisrich,moreover.Semicolons“Iftherelationbetweentheideasexpressedinthemainclausesisverycloseandobviouswithoutaconjunction,youcanseparatetheclauseswithasemicolon”(Little,BrownHandbook,9thEdition,p.361).COMPOUNDSENTENCE:SEMICOLONMatthasbenefitedfromhisexerciseprogram;heisslimandenergetic.ComplexSentenceSUBJECTPREDICATESUBJECTPREDICATEeventhoughComplexSentenceBobispopularheisugly.eventhoughCOMPLEXSENTENCE:SUBORDINATINGCONJUNCTIONSThemostcommonsubordinatingconjunctionsareafter,although,as,because,before,how,if,once,since,than,that,though,till,until,when,where,whether,”andwhile.COMPLEXSENTENCE:SUBORDINATINGCONJUNCTIONSBobispopulareventhoughheisugly.Clause1Clause2IndependentDependentCOMPLEXSENTENCE:SUBORDINATINGCONJUNCTIONSEventhoughBobisugly,heispopular.Clause1Clause2DependentIndependentExamplesofcomplexsentencesIfthepaperworkarrivesontime,yourchequewillbemailedonTuesday.Aftershehadlearnedtodrive,Alicefeltmoreindependent.Geraldhadtobegunhisthesisoveragainwhenhiscomputercrashed.Iwonderedwhetherthehomeworkwasnecessary(ornot).Compound-ComplexSentenceMikeispopularheisgoodlooking,becauseheisnotveryhappy.butExamplesofcompound-complexsentencesNaokipassedthetestbecausehestudiedhardandunderstoodthematerial.Thepackagearrivedinthemorning,butthecourierleftbeforeIcouldcheckthecontents.Therearemanyproblemstosolvebeforethisprogramcanbeused,butengineersbelievethattheywillbeabletosolvethemsoon.Analyzethesesentences1.OttawaisthecapitalofCanada,butTorontoisthecapitalofOntario.2.Democracyisanoblegoal;itisimportant,however,toprotecttheminorityfromthetyrannyofthemajority.3.UnlessmygirlfriendpostponeshervisitfromCalgary,Iwillnothavetimetostudyformyexam.4.Susannewantedtobehere,butshecannotcomebecausehercarisintheshop.5.Thefootballgamewascancelledbecauseitwasraining.6.Thefootballgamewascancelledbecauseoftherain.7.TheIslandwasfilledwithmanytrailswindingthroughthethickunderbrush,asmalllake,anddangerouswildpigs.ReferencesWritingAcademicEnglish,SecondEdition,byAliceOshimaandAnnHogue.WhitePlains:Addison,Wesley,Longman,1999.TheLittle,BrownHandbook,byH.RamseyFowlerandJaneE.Aaron,Pearson,2004.