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-I-图像分割和特征提取技术研究摘要图像分割是图像分析的第一步，是图像理解的重要组成部分，在有关图像处理的几乎所有领域具有广泛的应用。因此，图像分割一直受到高度重视，对其研究具有十分重要的意义。长期以来，研究人员提出了许多实用的分割算法。随着统计学理论，神经网络，小波理论等在图像分割中的应用日益广泛，遗传算法、尺度空间、非线性扩散方程等近期涌现的新方法和新思想也不断被用于解决分割问题，许多国内外学者也针对一些具体应用提出了许多实用有效的方法。本文介绍了数字图像处理技术中图像分割技术的基本理论和三种图像分割方法(1)基于阈值图像分割；(2)基于边缘检测及算子分割；(3)基于区域特性的图像分割。对基于点的分割方法进行了较全面的叙述，主要研究了图像分割方法中的边缘检测法，区域提取法和阈值分割法。通过大量的理论研习。并编写了MATLAB软件程序，对各分割方法进行了仿真实验，得到分割图像。最后对于仿真进行了数据处理分析，验证了Canny算子的整体效果最好,Prewitt算子分割细致。但对于一幅图像仅仅只有只用一种方法达不到很好的效果，而根据待分割图象的不同特点，结合已知的先验知识，研究符合具体图象特性的分割模型，才是提高图象分割的重要手段。关键词：图像分割；边缘法；区域法；阈值法；分水岭分割法-II-LmageSegmentationAndFeatureExtractionTechnologyResearchAbstractImagesegmentationisthefirststepinimageanalysis,imagesegmentationisanimportantcomponentofimageunderstanding,inalmostallareasoftheimageprocessinghaswidelyapplication.Asaresult,imagesegmentationhasbeenattachedgreatimportanceto,itsresearchhastheveryvitalsignificance.Foralongtime,researchersputforwardmanypracticalsegmentationalgorithm.Withstatisticstheory,theneuralnetwork,wavelettheoryhasbeenusedincreasinglyinimagesegmentation,suchasgeneticalgorithm,scalespace,andnonlineardiffusionequationwiththerecentemergenceofnewmethodsandnewideasareconstantlybeingusedtosolvethesegmentationproblem,manyscholarsathomeandabroadforsomespecificapplicationputforwardmanypracticalandeffectivemethod.DigitalimageprocessingtechniqueswereintroducedinThispaperintroducesthedigitalimageprocessingtechnologyofimagesegmentationtechnologyinbasictheoryandthreemethodsofimagesegmentation.(1)basedonthresholdimagesegmentation.(2)segmentationbasedonedgedetectionandoperator;(3)theimagesegmentationbasedonregionfeature.Onthesegmentationmethodbasedonthepointofnarrative,mainlystudiestheedgeofimagesegmentationmethod,regionextractionmethodandthresholdsegmentationmethod.Throughalotoftheorystudy.AndwritetheMATLABsoftware,thesegmentationmethod,thesimulationexperimentforimagesegmentation.Finallyanalyzedthedataprocessingforsimulation.VerifytheCannyoperatoroftheoveralleffectisbest.Prewittoperatorsegmentationanddetailed.Butforanimageonlyonlyonewaytoreachagoodeffect,andaccordingtothedifferentcharacteristicsofforimagesegmentation,combinedwiththeknownpriorknowledge,researchinaccordancewiththespecificimagesegmentationmodel,isanimportantmeanstoimprovetheimagesegmentation.KEYWORDS：Segmentation；edgemethod；theregionalmethod；threshold；watershedsegmentation-III-目录第1章绪论.............................................................................................................11.1课题研究背景与意义..................................................................................11.2国内外发展现状...........................................................................................11.3课题设计内容..............................................................................................2第2章概述.............................................................................................................32.1图像和数字图像........................................................................................32.2数字图像处理简介......................................................................................32.3图像处理文件格式......................................................................................32.4图像分割理论概述.......................................................................................52.4.1图像分割的定义.................................................................................52.4.2图像分割的目的和意义.....................................................................62.5图像分割主要研究方法...............................................................................62.5.1边缘检测法.........................................................................................72.5.2区域提取法.........................................................................................72.5.3阈值分割法..........................................................................................72.5.4结合特定理论工具的分割方法.........................................................82.6数字图像分割质量评价体系.......................................................................8第3章图像分割方法综述.................................................................................103.1基于阈值图像分割算法.............................................................................103.2基于边缘检测分割算法............................................................................123.3基于区域特性的图像分割算法................................................................14-IV-第4章基于Matlab的图像分割仿真结果与讨论...........................................164.1图像阈值分割算法研究............................................................................164.1.1Otsu阈值图像分割算法..................................................................164.1.2直方图阈值算法...............................................................................174.2图像边缘分割算法的研究........................................................................194.2.1Canny边缘检测算法......................................................................194.2.2Log分割算发..................................................................................204.3区域特性图像分割方算法的研究.......