英语国家概况课件(修订版)-Chapter-1

AGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountries英语国家概况TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandChapterOneGeography,PeopleandLanguageForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesContentsGeographyIPeopleIITheEnglishLanguageIIIForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesIGeography1.GeographicalFeatures2.Climate3.MajorCitiesForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesMapoftheUKReadthemaptofind:AtlanticOceanNorthSeaIrishSeaTheEnglishChannelTheRepublicofIrelandForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesGeographyTheofficialtitleoftheUKtheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandTheUKismadeupof:GreatBritain(England,ScotlandandWales)NorthernIrelandForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesLocationandterritoryLocationoftheUK:Themainlandareasliebetweenlatitudes49°Nand61°Nandlongitudes8°Wto2°ETotalterritory:about243,000squarekilometersInterestingFact:NooneintheUKlivesmorethan120km(75miles)fromthesea.ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesTopographyNorthernIreland:It’smostlyhilly.Wales:It’smostlymountainous.SouthWalesislessmountainousthanNorthandMid-Wales.Scotland:Itsgeographyisvaried,withlowlandsinthesouthandeastandhighlandsinthenorthandwest.England:Itconsistsoflowlandterrain,withsomemountainousterraininthenorthwest,northandsouthwest.BenNevisinScotland—thehighestpointinUKForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesRiversandLakesThelongestriver:SevernRiver(about980kmkilometerslong)Thesecondlongestriver:Thames(330kmkilometerslong)ThelargestLakeintheBritishIsles:LoughNeaghThamesForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesTheRiverThames(泰晤士河)thelongestriverinEnglandandthesecondlongestintheUnitedKingdom(332kilometerslong)ahistoricallandmarkinthecityofLondon.AboatridealongtheThamesisalsosomethingthateveryvisitorshouldexperience.Severalboatracesandactivitiestakeplacealongorattherivereachyear.ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesLakeDistrictForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesLakepoetsIWanderedLonelyasaCloud—WilliamWordsworthIwanderedlonelyasacloudThatfloatsonhigho'ervalesandhills,WhenallatonceIsawacrowd,Ahost,ofgoldendaffodils;Besidethelake,beneaththetrees,Flutteringanddancinginthebreeze.ContinuousasthestarsthatshineAndtwinkleonthemilkyway,Theystretchedinnever-endinglineAlongthemarginofabay:TenthousandsawIataglance,Tossingtheirheadsinsprightlydance.ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesLakepoetsThewavesbesidethemdanced;buttheyOut-didthesparklingwavesinglee:Apoetcouldnotbutbegay,Insuchajocundcompany:Igazed—andgazed—butlittlethoughtWhatwealththeshowtomehadbrought:Foroft,whenonmycouchIlieInvacantorinpensivemood,TheyflashuponthatinwardeyeWhichistheblissofsolitude;Andthenmyheartwithpleasurefills,Anddanceswiththedaffodils.ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesKiltsKnee-lengthskirtlikegarmentthatiswornbymenasamajorelementofthetraditionalnationalgarbofScotland.HighlanddressisalsotheuniformofScottishregimentsintheBritisharmy,andkiltshavebeenworninbattleasrecentlyasWorldWarII.InBraveheart,WilliamWallace,aScottishfreedomfighter,wearshiskilthighonthethighwhileriding.ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountries2.ClimateMaincharacteristics:Temperate,withwarmsummers,coolwintersandplentifulprecipitationthroughouttheyearThreemajorfeatures:WinterfogRainydaysInstability/ChangeabilityForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountries3.MajorCities—LondonTheRiverThamesthecapitalofEnglandandtheUnitedKingdomthepolitical,industrial,culturalandfinancialcenterofthecountryoneoftheworld'sleadingbankingandfinancialcentersForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesLandmarks&SymbolsofLondonThePalaceofWestminsterForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesLandmarks&SymbolsofLondonWestminsterAbbeyBigBenForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesLandmarks&SymbolsofLondonGuildhallForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesLandmarks&SymbolsofLondonHydeParkTowerofLondonForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesLandmarks&SymbolsofLondonTowerBridgeBuckinghamPalaceForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesLandmarks&SymbolsofLondonLondonEyeForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesMajorCities—EdinburghCapitalofScotlandadministrative,financial,legal,medicalandinsurancecenterofScotlandbeautifulsceneryrenownedarchitectureForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPressAGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesUniversityofEdinburgh（爱丁堡大学）oneofthemostnotedofScotland'suniversities.Itwasfoundedin1583as“theTown'sCollege”.Alumni:CharlesDarwin,SirWalt