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掌握本课重点词掌握灾难类常用表达方法学习本课课文学习定语从句earthquake(n)地震quake-tremble-shake-shock震动-颤动-摇动-震惊crack(n;vt,vi)裂缝，震裂smelly(a)-smell(v)发臭的-闻farmyard(n)农场，农家pipe(n)管道burst(vi,n)爆发,突然破裂burstin/into突然进入burstout冒出burst—explore--erupt炸开—爆炸-爆发million--billion百万-十亿event(n)事件，事变event-affair-thing常考完型大事-繁杂的事物-事情统称asif=asthough好像（分清虚拟与非虚拟)atanend=finished结束，终结attheendof在…结束时bytheendof到…结束时intheend最后nation(n)国家，民族nation-country-state民族-国家-政权canal(n)运河steam(n)蒸汽，dirt(n)–dirty(a)污垢，泥土-脏的ruin(n;vt)废墟;毁灭;使破产inruins倒塌，破败不堪leadtosb’sruin使某人破产，身败名裂fallintoruin衰落suffering[c](a)困难,痛苦sufferings[u]苦难的事情sufferfrom遭受(无被动)extreme(a)极度的extremely(ad)极度地injure(vt)损害，伤害injure-hurt-wound-harm身体-精神/身体-伤口-伤害survival(n)--survivor幸存[u]幸存者[c]survive(vt)(vi)逃生；幸存destroy(vt)彻底毁坏destroy-damage-ruin毁灭-毁坏-对希望的破坏destruction(n)毁灭brick--block砖—块dam(n)大坝track（n）轨道,足迹,痕迹backontrack重新步入正轨keeptrackof掌握…线索losetrackof与…失去联系useless(a)无用的shock(n,vt,vi)休克,(使)震惊,Sbbeshockedat某人对…感到震惊shocking(a)震惊的rescue(n;vt)营救rescuers=rescuemen救援人员come/gotoone’srescue来挽救某人rescueteam救援队disaster(n)灾难，灾祸trap(n；vt)(使)陷阱，困境trap-track-trick陷阱-轨迹-诡计betrappedin..陷入…之中digout挖掘,发现digital(a)数字的,数码的bury(vt)埋葬,掩埋,隐藏buryoneselfin…沉浸于Sbbeburiedin…沉浸于mine(n)矿，矿山miner矿工shelter(n,vt)避难所,遮掩abusshelter公共汽车亭sheltersbfrom…把某人从..庇护undertheshelterof在…庇护下givesbshelter给某人庇护agreatnumberof大量的title(n)文章标题，头衔headline(n)新闻标题reporter(n)记者bar(n)条，棒，条状物abarofchocolate一块巧克力damage(n,vt)损失，损害frighten(vt)=scare使惊吓；吓唬frightening=scaring让人害怕的frightened=scared某人对…恐惧Sbbeafraid=sbfear1某人担心，2恐怕congratulations!恭喜judge(n,vt)法官，审批,判决judgingby/from(无ed)由…判断Judgingbyhisaccount,hecomesfromHenan从口音判断，他来自河南(独立结构)sincerely(ad)真诚地，诚挚sincere(a)真诚的express(vt,n)表示，表达；快车，快递outline(n)大纲，要点cyclist(n)骑自行车的人rise(vt,vi)抬高，养育；升起，价格水位上升too…to…肯定用法非常想…做…wonder(vt)疑惑，怀疑reach(vt,vi)常见意思总结last(vt)持续beproudof…为…而自豪giveout发出光，热等;公布，分发Unit4Earthquake1.rise(rise、rose、risen)vi.(指日月星辰烟等的)升起，水位价格温度的上升=goup;起身=getupn.增加增长起伏=increaseraisevt.抬高提高养育饲养（有被动）1.Thesunrisesintheeast.2.Herosefromhischairandbeganhisspeech.3.Therehasbeenasharpriseinthenumberofpeopleoutofwork.7.Hisjobisraisingchickens.8.They_____theirarmsandwavedtouswithjoy.AroseBraisedB4.Pricescontinuetorise.6.Thepriceofthetomatoeshasbeen____recently.raised5.Hertemperatureisstill________.risingsmelly:smell+y=adj.smelln./v(smelt/smelled)2.A______gascame_____thecracks.smellyoutofhealth→wealth→裂缝里冒出臭气。扩展:n.+y构成形容词blood----mud----sun-----cloud----rain----wind---taste----dream----ice----greed----fat----fog-----3.burstvi.vt.(burst---burst---burst)使某物爆炸，胀破，爆破,破裂burstin/intoadoor/room/building突然进入门/房间/大楼1.他没有敲门就突然进入房间.Heburstintotheroomwithoutknockingatthedoor.Theplanecrashedandburstintoflames.2.飞机坠毁起火了.Allofthemburstoutlaughing/crying/singing.3.他们全都突然笑起来/哭起来/唱起来.=Allofthemburstintolaughter/tears/songs.burstintosth.=burstoutdoing突然…起来burstout+v-ing:suddenlybegindoingsth扩展:burstintoleafbursintoflower长出叶子开花n.aburstof...一阵...aburstoflaughter/thunder/applause(欢呼）4.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.thinklittleoftheseevents对这些情况几乎没有怎么去考虑、没当一回事thinklittleofthinknothingofthinkbadly/poorly/illofthinkwell/much/highly/alot/agreatdealof对……看法不好，评价很低不重视，忽视认为没什么对……重视/高度评价1.校长对你的进步评价很高。Theheadmasterthoughthighlyofyourprogress.thinkof想起，考虑5.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.世界似乎到了末日。asif=asthough好像…引出方式状语从句Shespoketomeasifsheknewme.她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。asif在表语从句中相当于that:Itseemedasif/thatthemeetingwouldneverend.看起来会议没完没了。1)虚拟语气（说话者主观想象或夸大的比喻）2)陈述语气,时态一致Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifitwerebroken．当铅笔一部分放进水里，看起来好像折断了似的。(虚拟)Itlooksasifit`sgoingtorain．看样子天要下雨了。(陈述语气)（是事实或可能性很大）asif后的从句可用两种语气6.atanend=finished结束，终结（作表语）★Wewereveryhappywhentheworkwasatanend.Compare:attheendofbytheendofintheend★attheendof“在…尽头；在…末”★bytheendof“到/截止……末”；主句一般用完成时★intheend意思“最后、终于”=atlast/finally1.Washyourhands_______________theexperiment.attheendof2.HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearned____________lastterm?bytheendof3.Hetriedvariousjobsand________becameateacher.intheendbring/putanendto使终止cometoanend.结束endupwith以….而告终其他词组：Thejobcametoanendlastmonth.Hersuddenarrivalputanendtotheirmeeting.她的忽然来到使他们的会议终止了。Atthedinnerweusuallybeginwithsoupandendupwithfruit.在宴会上，开始的一道菜通常是汤，最后的一道是水果。7.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。lie(laylain)处于某种状态;躺，平躺，平卧平放1.Thewholefactoryhaslainwasteformanyyears.整个工厂多年来一直荒芜在那里。2.Heletthefarmgotoruin.他让农场败落了。gotoruin=fallintoruin衰落,败落lie/beinruins成为废墟inruins荒芜的,成为废墟,一般用作表语或状语Anearthquakeleftthewholetowninruins.Hiscareerisinruins.1.Thecity______________(成为废墟）afterthewar.lay/wasinruins口诀:规则的“撒谎”，不规则的“躺”，躺过就“下蛋”。(lie当“说谎”用，它的过去式和过去分词都为lied，而当“躺”用时，它的过去式为“下蛋”即lay)中文原形过去式过去分词现在分词说明放置产卵laylaidlaidlaying及物动词躺;位于lielaylainlying不及物动词说谎lieliedliedlying不及物动词8．分数的表示法分子分母基数词序数词分子大于一，分母用复数三分之一one-third五分之三three-fifthstwoandthree-fifths?aquarter？Twothirdsofthelandiscoveredbyforest.2.Onefifthofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls1.三分之二的陆地为森林所覆盖．这个班里五分之一的学生是女生．3.Morethan61%ofthesurfaceoftheearth_____coveredbywater.4.Seventypercentoftheworkersinthisfactory_____young.isare口头