搜索
:autobiography,memoir,andbiography.Anautobiographyisthestoryofaperson'slifewrittenbyhimselforherself.Oftenitbeginswiththeperson'searliestrecollectionsandendsinthepresent.Autobiographywritersmaynotbeentirelyobjectiveinthewaytheypresentthemselves.However,theyofferthereaderagoodlookatthewaytheyareandwhatmakesthemthatway.PeopleasdiverseasBenjarminFranklinandHelenKellerhavewrittenautobiographies.1Otherwriters,suchasJamesJoyce，havewrittenthinlyfictionalizedaccountsoftheirlives.Thesearenotautobiographies，buttheyareveryclosetoit.Memoirs,strictlyspeaking,areautobiographicalaccountsthatfocusasmuchontheeventsofthetimesasonthelifeoftheauthor.2Memoirwriterstypicallyusetheseeventsasbackdropsfortheirlives.Theydescribethemindetailanddiscusstheirimportance.Recently，though，thetermmemoirseemstobebecominginterchangeab1ewithautobiography.Amemoirnowadaysmayormaynotdealwiththeoutsideworld.Biographiesarefactualaccountsofsomeoneelse'slife.Inmanysenses，thesemaybethehardestofthethreetypestowrite.Autobiographywritersknowtheeventstheywriteaboutbecausetheylivedthem.Butbiographywritershavetogatherinformationfromasmanydifferentsourcesaspossible.Thentheyhavetodecidewhichfactstoinclude.Theirgoalisto，notonethatisoverlypositiveortoocritical.Afairwell-presentedbiographymaytakeyearstoresearchandwrite.词汇：backdrop/'bk,dr?p/n.背景interchangeable/int?'t?end??bl/adj.可转换的注释：1.PeopleasdiverseasBenjaminFranklinandHelenKellerhavewrittenautobiographies.就像本杰明富兰克林和海伦凯勒一样，各种各样的人们已经写了自传。2.Memoirs，strictlyspeaking，areautobiographicalaccountsthatfocusasmuchontheeventsofthetimesasonthelifeoftheauthor.严格意义上来讲，回忆录是既注重作者本身的生活经历，也注重其所处的时代所发生的事件的自传性的描述。练习：1.Thispassageismostlyabout_______.A.thecharacteristicsofautobiographies，memoirs，andbiographiesB.famousautobiographiesC.whybiographycanbedifficulttowriteD.differencesbetweenautobiographiesandmemoirs2.HelenKellerwrote________.A.amemoirB.anautobiographyC.aworkoffictionD.abiography3.Autobiographywritersarenotalwaysobjectivebecausethey________.答案与题解：1.A本题问的是：这篇文章主要是关于?文章第一句说到最普遍的非小说类文学作品类型之一就是一些来描述人们生活的故事，这些故事大致分为三类：自传回忆录和传记。然后通篇对这三种类型进行了介绍，因此A是正确答案。2.B本题问的是：海伦凯勒谢了什么?第二段第5句话写到：就像本明杰富兰克林和海伦凯勒一样，各种各样的人们已经写了自传。因此B是正确答案。3.C本题问的是：自传作者通常不太客观，因为他们?第二段提到：他们给读者提供了一个途径来了解自己比较好的行事风格……，因此答案是C，他们想展示自己好的一面。本题问的是：本文的作者通过何种方式介绍每种类型的非小说文学作品?答案是A，通过给每个类型进行定义。5.C本题问的是：diverse的意思是?其汉语意思为“多种多样的”，因此C正确。TheChangingMiddleClassTheUnitedStatesperceivesitselftobeamiddle-classnation.However，middleclassisnotarealdesignation，nordoesitcarryprivileges.1Itismoreofaperception，whichprobablywasastrueasitevercouldberightafterWorldWarII.Theeconomywasgrowing，moreandmorepeopleownedtheirownhomes，workershadsolidcontractswiththecompaniesthatemployedthem，andnearlyeveryonewhowantedahighereducationcouldhaveone.Successfulpeopleenjoyedupwardsocialmobility.Theymayhavestartedoutpoor，buttheycouldbecomerich.Successfulpeoplealsofoundthattheyhadgreatergeographicmobility.Inotherwords，theyfoundthemselvesmovingtoandlivinginavarietyofplaces.Themiddleclasscollectivelyholdsseveralvaluesandprinciples.Onestrongvalueistheneedtoearnenoughmoneytofeelthatonecandetermineone'sowneconomicfate.Inaddition，middleclassmoralityembracesprinciplesofindividualresponsibility，importanceoffamily,obligationstoothers，andbelievinginsomethingoutsideoneself.2Butinthe1990sthoseinthemiddleclassfoundthattherewasapriceforsuccess.AU.S.News&WorldReportsurveyin1994indicatedthat75percentofAmericansbelievedthatmiddleclassfamiliescouldnolongermakeendsmeet3.Bothspousesnowworked，asdidsomeofthechildren;longcommutes词汇：designation/dezig'nei??n/n.称号commute/k?'mju:t/n.上下班路程mobility/m?u'bil?ti/n.流动性注释：1.However，middlec1assisnotarealdesignation，nordoesitcarryprivileges.然而，中产阶级既不是一个真实的称号，也不会带来特别待遇。2.Inaddition，middle-c1assmoralityembracesprinciplesofindividualresponsibility，importanceoffamily，obligationstoothers，andbelievinginsomethingoutsideonesèlf.另外，中产阶级的道德观包括个人的责任感、家庭的重要性、对他人的使命感以及相信自我以外的事物。3.makeendsmeet：收支相抵，维持生活4.putstrainson：带来压力练习：1.Theinformationinthispassagedealswith_______.A)anindividualB)asocialandeconomicgroupC)apoliticalorganizationD)government2.A