英语复习之冠词

关爱英语残障人士“冠名播出”Ihopeyouwillexcusemeifimakeanymistakes.Ihopeyouwillexcusemeifimakeanymistakes.Ihopeyouwillexcusemeifimakeanymistakes冠词词的概念词性（10类）:英语单词根据其在句子中的功用，可以分十个大类。就是10大词类：名词、代词、数词、动词、形容词、副词、冠词、介词、连词、感叹词。成分（8类）:组成英语句子的各个部分，叫做句子成分。英语的句子最多由8个句子成分组成，就是8大句子成分，即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语以及同位语。名代数动形副冠介连感主谓宾表，定状补同12实词有实在意义，在句子中能独立承担句子成分。十大词性词虚词无实在意义，在句子中不能独立承担句子成分。实词汉语名称简用途例词句法作用名词n.表示人或事物的名称boy,book,table,man主、表、宾、补、定、同代词pron.代替名词、形容词或数词I,you,it,we,their主、表、补、定、同数词num.表示数量和顺序one,two,twenty,third,fifth主、表、宾、定、同动词v.表示动作或状态work,works,working,worked,towork主、谓、表、宾、补、定、状形容词adj.修饰名词，表示人、物的特征red,long,old,good表、定、宾补副词adv修饰动词、形容词或其他副词here,very,often,weekly表、状虚词冠词art.用在名词前，说明名词指的人、物a（an）,the介词prep.表示名词、代词等与其它词的关系in,after,under,on连词conj.连接词与词、短语和短语、句子和句子and,if,but,because感叹词interj.表示说话时的感情或口气oh,er,ough,um，ouch用在名词之前，说明名词所表示的人或事物的词。不能单独使用，必须和名词连用。“冠名播出”冠词虚词第一枝花目录/Contents010203不定冠词定冠词零冠词01不定冠词•_____book______student______pig•____apple______egg______orangeaaaananan不定冠词a&ana/an都表示“一个”•a用在辅音开头的单词前eg.abook;adog;aboy…•an用在元音开头的单词前eg.anapple;anegg…辅头a,元音an,不看字母看发音元音12个单元音长元音[a:][ɜː][ɔ:][i:][u:]短元音[Λ][ә][ɔ][ɪ][u][e][æ]8个双元音[ai][ei][ɔi][iә][eә][uә][әu][au]辅音10对清辅音[p][t][k][f][s]斯[∫]湿[t∫]吃[tr]戳[θ]吐斯[ts]次浊辅音[b][d][g][v][z]兹[ʒ]日[dʒ]支[dr]捉[ð]吐兹[dz]字3个鼻音[m][n][η]3个似鼻音[h][r][l]2个半元音[w][j]发音分类①发元音anoldman②发辅音Ⅰ.字母U发[ju]用aauniversityausefulbookⅡ.其他特殊aone-year-oldboyaEuropeanlady元音字母辅音字母①发辅音apanda②不发音anhouranhonoranhonestboy1.____Englishman2.____European3.____telephone4.____desk5.____oldbox6.____hour7.____blackpen8.____oldhotel9.____bigappleExerciseanaaaananaana1.Thisis____pearandthatis____apple.2.Maryhas____e-dictionary.Shegetitfromheruncle.3.Doyouhave____QQnumber?4.Thisis___orange.Itis___smallorange.5.Thereis___“s”intheword“bus”.6.Thereis____“h”and____“u”intheword“hour”.7.Myteachergiveme___usefulbook.8.Ihave___hourtodomyhomework.9.Doyouhave___umbrella?10.Shewear___uniform.Exerciseaananaanaananaaanana不定冠词a/an的基本用法1表示“一”或“一个”eg.auniversityanumbrella表示第一次提到eg.Ilookedupandsawaplane.我向上看，看到了一架飞机。2不定冠词a/an的基本用法3表示度量，用在时间，速度，价格等名词前面，译作“每...,每一...”eg.40kilometersanhour40千米/小时threemealsaday一天三顿饭表频率一周两次100米/秒twiceaweek100metersasecond1.Takethemedicinethreetimes____day.A./B.aC.anD.the2.Iearn10dollars____houras_____supermarketcashieronSaturdays.A.a;anB.the;aC.an;aD.an;the3.Franceis____EuropeancountryandChinais_____Asiancountry.Italyisalsoacountryin_____Europe.A.a;a;aB.an;an;anC.a;an;theD.a;an;/Exercise不定冠词a/an的基本用法4a/an+序数词，表示“再一，又一”eg.Ifailedthreetimes.I'lltryafourthtime.我失败了三次。我会再试一次。如果你失败了，你可以再试一次。Youcantryasecondtimeifyoufail.比较:the+序数词Marchisthethirdmonthofayear.强调次序1.Thecakesaredelicious.He’dliketohave___thirdonebecause____secondoneisrathertoosmall.A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a2.Huangshanis____mostbeautifultouristsiteandIwanttovisitit____secondtimenextmonth.A.the;theB.the;aC.a;aD.a;theExercise不定冠词a/an的基本用法5a/an+形容词最高级，等于averyeg.Hangzhouisamostbeautifulcity.=Hangzhouisaverybeautifulcity.杭州是一个非常漂亮的城市。比较：a/themostinterestingbook非常有趣/最有趣的书不定冠词a/an的基本用法6a/an+人名，表示不确定的某人eg.①ASmithcalledyoujustnow.刚才有个叫史密斯的人给你打了电话。(不认识，并不清楚是哪个人，只知道叫史密斯)②AMarycametovisityouwhenyouwereout.你出门的时候，有个叫玛丽的人来拜访你过了。不定冠词a/an的基本用法7用在少数不可数名词前，表示“一点，一种，一场，一顿，一阵等”eg.Readingisajoytome.阅读对我来说是一种乐趣asmile一丝微笑acoffee一杯咖啡aheavyrain一场大雨makeanoise制造一些噪音不定冠词a/an的基本用法8用在一些固定词组中eg.inaword总而言之acoupleof一对allofasudden=suddenly突然asamatterofafact=infact事实上dosbafavor=helpsb帮助某人inadayortwo一两天后catchacold感冒takeabreak休息一下havealook:看一看haveatry:试一下havearest：休息一下haveafever：发烧Haveaheadache:头痛haveatalk：谈话haveagoodtimegivealesson：教课asaresult:结果1.It’s____pleasuretotalkwithyou.A./B.aC.anD.the2.Wherethereis____will,there'saway.A./B.aC.anD.the3.____Chinais____oldcountrywith____longhistory.A.The,an,aB.The,a,aC./,an,theD./,an,aExercise4.-Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?-Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn’t____Mr.Smithhere.A./B.aC.theD.an5.Hewantedtobe____Newtonwhenhewasachild.A.aB.anC.theD./6.---Whynottake____friendwithyou?---That’s____goodidea.A.a,aB.the,theC.a,theD.the,aExercise不定冠词a/an的一些搭配1.such/whata/an(+形容词)+名词eg.I'venevermetsuchagoodgirl.Whatacolddayitis!感叹句Whatapity!比较：so/howeg.Howcoldadayitis!不定冠词a/an的一些搭配2.so/as/too/how+形容词+a/an+名词eg.Sheissogoodagirl!=suchagoodgirlHowcoldadayitis!BobisascleveraboyasJohn.Heistoooldamantocarrythetable.不定冠词a/an的一些搭配3.quite/rather(相当)a/an+(形容词)+名词eg.Itisquiteadifficultproblem.这真是相当难的问题。=averydifficultproblemItseemsratheragoodidea.这看起来是一个相当不错的主意。4.manya+单数名词=many+复数名词eg.manyaboy=manyboys很多男孩子1.What____finedayitistoday!Let’sgototheSummerPalace.A.theB.aC.anD./2.______terribleweatherwe’vebeenhavingthese.days!A.HowaB.WhataC.HowD.What3._____man_____toworkhere.A.Many;comeB.Manya;comesC.Many;comesD.Manya;comeExercise02定冠词死亡小口诀特指双方熟悉，上文已经提及世上独一无二，方位西洋乐器序数词最高级，江海山脉很湍急形容词前一类人，复数姓氏一家亲①特指双方熟悉1）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物Thebookonthedeskismine.Takethemedicine.把药吃了。Thewhitecatisverybeautiful.2）指双方都知道的人或事物Closethedoor,pleaseDoyoulikethepictureonthewall?Thegirlinredismysister.②上文已经提及a)Ihaveanicepen,thepeniscolourful.b)Thereisahamburgeronthetable.Thehamburgerismine.c)Thisisapen.Thepenisnew.d)Thesearebooks.Thebooksare