分译法/合译法DIVISION&COMBINATION分译法(也称分句法、拆译法、后置法、逆译法)即把原文中某个单词、或短语、或单句译成一个或两个句子。Division(分译法)Divisionisthenecessarysplittingalongsentenceintoshortones.Splittingasentenceatwillisboundtodamagethestyle,orthemeaningoftheoriginal,butthatdoesn’tmeantosplitthesentenceisabsolutelyimpermissible.①DivisionofawordAwordmayturntoanindependentsentenceoraphrase.Thedust,theuproarandthegrowingdarkthreweverythingintochaos.烟尘滚滚,人声嘈杂,夜色渐深,一切都处于混乱之中。②DivisionofanadjectiveHisannouncementgotamixedreaction.他的声明引起了反响,有好有坏。③DivisionofaverbSheinspectedthetablefordustwithherfinger.她用手指抹抹桌子,看看是否有灰尘。Thetownboastsabeautifullake.镇上有一个美丽的湖,人人以此为傲。Buttheirarmyhadoutruntheirsupplies.他们的军队进展太快,以至于给养供应不上。④DivisionofanadverbShewaspardonablyproudofherwonderfulcooking.她为她高超的烹调技术自豪,这是情有可原的。JordancannotpolitelyturndowntheinvitationtoanArabforeignministers’conference.约旦拒绝阿拉伯外长会议的邀请,这在礼节上是说不过去的。⑤DivisionofaphraseThewrongpower-lineconnectionswilldamagethemotor.如果把电源接错,就会损坏电动机。Buttheexigencyofthecaseadmittedofnoalternatives.但情况紧急,别无选择。Thefactorywasalreadyspreadingfameforitsproducts.这个工厂产品质量优良,这一点已远近闻名。Electroniccomputersbeingused,thecomplicatedproblemwassolvedquicklyandaccurately.(participlephrase)由于使用了电子计算机,复杂的问题很快而且精确地得到解决。⑥DivisionofasinglesentenceOneproblemintryingtodiscussthereportisitssheervolume.那篇报告特别长,要是讨论那篇报告就成了问题。Strangeenough,theywerethesameagetotheday.说来也巧,他俩同年同月同日生。Theywereveryfrankandcandidwitheachotherinarelaxedway.他们之间十分坦率,直言不讳,但气氛都十分轻松。Inthefuture,robotswhichcandoalmostallofourhardworkwillbeseenworkingeverywhere.将来,到处可见机器人在工作,他们能替代我们担负起所有繁重的工作。⑦DivisionofacompoundorcomplexsentenceUnfortunately,thewantofthefamilyhadkepthimfromschoolandheseemedtofeeltheloss.不幸的是,他因家境贫寒不能上学,他似乎痛切地感受到这种损失。Thecloudbeyondthehorizonwaswar,whichhewasnotaloneinsensingandwhichmanyofhiseldersanticipatedwithpatrioticexpectancy.天边的远处出现了战争的阴云,预感到战争的不止他一人,他的许多前辈出于爱国之心正期待着战争的到来。1.翻译下列句子,注意划线单词的分译1).They,notsurprisingly,didnotrespondatall.(分译副词)2).Hetriedvainlytotalkusintoagreementwiththeunrealisticproposal.(副词的分译)3).Nolongeraretheproblemswhichtheyforesawlodgedsafelyinsomedistantfuture.(副词的分译)4).JordancannotpolitelyturndowntheinvitationtoanArabforeignministersconference.(副词的分译)5).Shewaspardonablyproudofherwonderfulcooking.(副词的分译)他们根本没有答复,这是不足为奇的。他试图劝说我们同意接受这项不切实际的建议,但还是白费了力气。他们所预见到的问题,必须马上解决,否则今后就会出麻烦了。约旦如拒绝接受阿拉伯外长会议的邀请,这在礼貌上也说不过去。她自夸她有高超的烹调技艺,这是情有可原的。6).Characteristically,Mr.Haroldconcealedhisfeelingsandwatchedandlearned.(分译单词)7).ThepowerfulP.L.A.is,anoddlyunmilitaryarmy.(副词的分译)8).Withthefearofimaginaryplotsagainsthisleadership,hisself-confidenceseemedtotallytodeserthim.(形容词的分译)9).ThecomputercangiveMarytherightlessonforher:neithertoofastnortooslow.(形容词的分译)10).Oneproblemintryingtodiscussmyreportingisitssheervolume.(名词的分译)海罗德与众不同,他隐藏着自己的感情,边看边学。强大的人民解放军是不拘军队礼仪的,这是罕见的。或:强大的人民解放军是世界上罕见的不拘军队礼仪的军队。由于害怕有人阴谋推翻他的领导,他似乎完全丧失了自信,但所谓的阴谋只不过是他的凭空想象罢了。计算机能给玛丽上课,上得恰倒好处,既不太快也不太慢。我的报告篇幅特长,要对它进行讨论,这就成了一个问题。11).Letusadmit,andregret,thathehonestlybelievesitimpossibletodifferfromhimhonestly.(名词的分译)12).Atpresent,peoplehaveatendencytochoosethesafetyofthemiddle-groundreply.(名词的分译)13).AmericanprisonersarepermittedtoreceiveRedCrossfoodparcelsandwritecensoredletters.(分词的分译)我们不得不承认,他真的相信凡与他抱有不同见解的人不可能是一个正人君子,这是很令人遗憾的事。现在人们都倾向于采取一种不偏不倚的态度来回答问题,因为这样做安全而不招风险。美国囚犯获得允许接受红十字会移送来的成包的食品,并且获得允许写信,但信是要经过检查的。14).Hestalkedaway,butwithagnawinguncertaintyinhisbreast.(分词的分译)15).AcoldthatrapidlygrewworsecausedhisunlamentedreturntoParis.(分词的分译)她昂首阔步地走了,心里半信半疑,感到十分苦恼。他得了感冒,而且越来越厉害,便只好回巴黎去了,但对他的离去谁也没有感到遗憾。16).Mr.Brownisanoldhandatbusiness.Healwayssucceeds.Butoccasionally,throughhasteorcarelessness,mistakesaremade,sothathisfactorybreaks.(副词的分译)布朗先生是做生意的老手,他经常是成功的。但偶尔也有这种情况,由于仓促匆忙或者粗心大意而造成错误而导致他的工厂的破产。2.翻译下列句子,注意划线短语的分译1).Thegovernmentforbadestudentstotakepartintheparade,aratherdifficulttask.(名词短语的分译)2).Withtheincreaseofproductionthelivingconditionofthecommonpeopleisbecomingbetterandbetter.3).Strangeenough,theywerethesametotheday.(副词和介词短语分译)4).Tocomparetwotypesofthesocialsysteminthiscountry,weshouldknowitspastindetail.(不定时短语的分译)5).Heistooilltohavebeenanywherebutinbed.(分译动词不定式和介词短语)政府禁止学生参加游行,尽管要做到这一点是相当困难的。随着生产的增加,普通人民的生活条件变得愈来愈好了。说来也真巧,他俩年纪一样大,而且还是同日生的。要比较这个国家的两种社会制度,我们就得详细了解它的过去。他病得太厉害,不能行走只能呆在床上。6).Therearemanykindsofatoms,differinginbothmassandproperties.(现在分词短语分译为独立的句子)7).Modest,unassuming,easytoapproach,PremierZhousoonputeveryonetherecompletelyatease.8).Forallitsgreatsize,themachinemovesnoiselessly.(介词短语的分译)9).Theirpowerincreasedwiththeirnumber.(介词短语的分译)10).Hesatinthefrontrow,withhismouthhalfopen,hisheadthrustforwardsoasnottomissanyword.原子的种类很多,其质量与性质都不同。周总理是那样谦虚,随和,平易近人,使大家很快无拘无束了。尽管这台机器体积很大,运转起来却没有噪声。他们人数增加了,力量也随之增强。他坐在前排,半张着嘴,伸长脖子惟恐听漏一字。11).HearrivedinWashingtonataripemomentinternationally.(本例还出现了单词的分译,internationally被分译为独立的句子)12).Sympathizingwiththepeasantuprisings,hepraisedthepeasantleaders.13).Whydidtheywantanewleader?PartlyitwasbecausetheydeeplyfeltthatMr.Heath,forallhismanyqualities,wasabornloser.他来到华盛顿,就国际形势来看,时机正合适。因为他同情农民起义,所以他赞扬农