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语篇提能Ⅰ.阅读理解Napoleon,asacharacterinTolstoy'sWarandPeace,ismorethanoncedescribedashaving“fatlittlehands”.Nordoeshe“sitwellorfirmlyonthehorse”.Heissaidtobe“undersized”with“shortlegs”anda“roundstomach”.TheissuehereisnottheaccuracyofTolstoy'sdescription—itseemsnotthatfarofffromhistoricalaccounts—buthischoiceoffacts:otherthingsthatcouldbesaidofthemanarenotsaid.WearemeanttounderstandthedifferenceofawarringcommanderinthebodyofafatlittleFrenchman.Tolstoy'sNapoleoncouldbeanymanwanderinginthestreetsandputtingalittleofpowderedtobaccouphisnose—andthatisthepoint.Itisawaythenovelistusestoshowthemoralnatureofacharacter.Anditturnsoutthat,asTolstoyhasit,Napoleonisacrazyman.InasceneinBookThreeofWarandPeace,thewarshavingreachedthecriticalyearof1812,NapoleonreceivesarepresentativefromtheTsar(沙皇)，whohascomewithpeaceterms.Napoleonisveryangry:doesn'thehavemorearmy?He,nottheTsar，istheonetomaketheterms.HewilldestroyallofEuropeifhisarmyisstopped,“Thatiswhatyouwillhavegainedbyengagingmeinthewar！”heshouts.Andthen,Tolstoywrites,Napoleon“walkedsilentlyseveraltimesupanddowntheroom,hisfatshouldersmovingquickly”．Stilllater,afterreviewinghisarmyamidcheeringcrowds,NapoleoninvitestheshakenRussiantodinner.“HeraisedhishandtotheRussian's...face，”Tolstoywrites，and“takinghimbytheearpulleditgently...”Tohaveone'searpulledbytheEmperorwasconsideredthegreatesthonorandmarkoffavorattheFrenchcourt.“Well,well,whydon'tyousayanything？”saidhe,asifitwasridiculousinhispresencetorespectanyonebuthimself,Napoleon.Tolstoydidhisresearch,butthecompositionishisown.1．Tolstoy'sdescriptionofNapoleoninWarandPeaceis______.A．farfromthehistoricalfactsB．basedontheRussianhistoryC．basedonhisselectionoffactsD．notrelatedtohistoricaldetails2．NapoleonwasangrywhenreceivingtheRussianrepresentativebecause______.A．hethoughtheshouldbetheonetomakethepeacetermsB．theTsar'speacetermswerehardtoacceptC．theRussiansstoppedhismilitarymovementD．hedidn'thaveanymorearmytofightwith3．WhatdidNapoleonexpecttheRussianrepresentativetodo?A．Towalkoutoftheroominanger.B．Toshowagreementwithhim.C．TosaysomethingabouttheTsar.D．Toexpresshisadmiration.4．TolstoyintendedtopresentNapoleonasamanwhois______.A．ill－manneredindealingwithforeignguestsB．fondofshowingoffhisironwillC．determinedindestroyingallofEuropeD．crazyforpowerandrespect答案与解析：1．解析：细节理解题。由第一段第四句“...itseemsnotthatforofffrom...buthischoiceoffacts”可知。答案：C2．解析：推理判断题。文章描述的故事是为了刻画拿破仑爱面子、争强好胜的人物性格。答案：A3．解析：推理判断题。从文章的第二、三段可知，拿破仑是一个野心勃勃、权力欲望很强的人，他肯定希望别人尊敬他、仰慕他。答案：D4．解析：推理判断题。从拿破仑接见俄国使者一事，可知拿破仑是一个好强、对权力和尊严狂热的人。答案：DⅡ.短文改错DrBethunearrived∧inYan'anattheendofMarchin1938.Twentymonthslatelaterhediedduringthetimethathe∧wasinChina.Hehadworkedunderverydifficultconditions，caringforthewoundwounded,trainingmedicalworkers，setsettinguparmyhospitalsandorganizingmedicalteamteamstoserveeitheratthefrontandorbehindtheenemylines.Heseldomhadanyrest.Sometimeshewouldrideon＼hishorseandmakelongjourneystoplacesthatwherehewasmostneeded.InAugust1938,DrBethunewroteto∧afriend“It'struethatI'mtired,butIthinkI'vebeensohappyforalongtimebecauseIamingreatneed.Ihavethegoodlucktoworkamongcomradestowhomcommunismisawayoflife.”