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语篇提能Ⅰ.阅读理解AmericanshavetakenoverfromtheIndiansmanythingsbesidestheircontinent!Wheredidcorn,potatoes,tomatoes,chocolateandmaplesugarcomefrom?TheIndians.Whoinventedmoccasins,snowshoesandhammocks?TheIndians!Alistofthetools,plants,materials,anddesignsweowetotheIndianswouldincludehundredsofitems.Butthereissomethingfarmorefamiliar,somethingthatisalwaysathand.ItisuseddailybyeveryAmerican:alargevocabularyofIndianwords.Potato,tomato,chocolate,moccasinandhammockcameintoEnglishfromIndianlanguages.Sodidcocoa,tobacco,maize(anIndianwordforcorn)andsuccotash.Somewordshavechangedontheway.Potato,forexample,comesfromawordthatsoundslike“batata”.Cocoabeganas“cacahuatl”．Somemeaningshavealsochanged.ThelongIndianwordfromwhichsuccotashcomesmeans“somethingbrokenoffinbits.”Indianwomenoftenvariedtheirdishesbymixingbitsofonefoodwithanother.WhitemenwhoateanIndiandishofmixedlimabeans(青豆)andcornbeganusingtheIndianwordtomeanthisparticularmixture.Putonyourmoccasinsandtakeawalkinthecountry.Ifitisacolddayandyouwearamackinaw,yourjacketwillbeasIndianasyourshoes.Butmackinawcamefrom“michilimackinac，”theIndiannameofaplacewhereafort(集市)servedasatradingpost.Bright­colouredblanketsorjacketsboughtatthepostsoonbecameknownas“mackinaws.”EarlywhitevisitorstothecontinentfoundIndianwordsusefulforthethingsnewtothem.ButsomeIndiansounds,suchasthe“tl”attheendofmanywords,werehardtosay.Thatiswhy“coyotl”becamecoyoteand“tomatl”becametomato.Somewordssimplyseemedtoolong.So,“musickwautash”becamesuccotashand“rockahominy”becamehominy.语篇解读美国人从印第安人那里学到了哪些东西？进入英语的印第安词语又是怎么来的？本文从各个层面阐述了这个话题。1．Thefirsttwoparagraphsmayserveasa(n)________.A.explanationB.introductionC.commentD.background答案与解析B推理判断题。前两段通过介绍美国人从印第安人那里学到的事物引出了文章的话题——进入英语的印第安词语。2．Whichofthefollowinghasbeenchangedforeasierpronunciation?A.Batata.B.Chocolate.C.Tomatl.D.Rockahominy.答案与解析C细节理解题。倒数第二段介绍了因为发音难而改变的一些词语，并举例说明，故选C项。3．Somewordshavechangedbecause________.A.theyaretoolongB.nobodycanusethemC.thethingstheyrefertohavedisappearedD.theyaretoodifficultforpeopletowrite答案与解析A细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，有些词是因为太长了，所以被变短，故选A项。4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.HowIndiantraditionsaffectus.B.WhyIndianwordswerechanged.C.ThingsweowetotheIndians.D.Indianwordsallaroundus.答案与解析D主旨大意题。本文介绍了很多进入英语的印第安词语，故选D项。Ⅱ.阅读理解七选五Visitingathemeparkisawonderfulactivityforafamilyduringsummerorotherholidays.__1__Don'tbeworriedifyou'reonabudgetbecausethroughpatientplanningandresearch,youcanstillenjoyyourtripwithoutbreakingthebank.Belowaresomeguidelinesonhowtovisitathemeparkonabudget.1.Determineyourbudget.Thisisaverydifficultpartofyourtasksincedetermininghowmuchyoucanspendmeansgoingthroughanumberofthings.__2__Decideonhowmanydaysyouwillbestayinginyourselecteddestination.2.Listtheactivitieswhereyou'llspendmoney.Listdownitemsthatwilldefinitelycostyoumoneysuchasyourhousing,food,fuel/fare,andotherluxurieslikesouvenirs.Ifyou'reaparent,thennegotiate(商定)withthechildrenaboutrulesandregulationslikepocketmoney.__3__BringcashbecausetherewillbetimeswhenbanksandATMmachineswon'tbeonline.3.__4__Ensurethatyoubookairticketsmonthsaheadbecausemostairlinecompaniesofferdiscountstoearlybirds.Youcancallyourpreferredairlineorcheckitswebsite.Andyoucanalsosubscribetoonlinetravelservices.4.Ensurethatyou'llbringallessentialsbeforetraveling.Bringtravelessentialsliketoothbrush,shampoo,towel,andsoon.__5__Makingalistofthingstobringwillcertainlyhelpdoitbetter.A.Scheduleyourtripmonthsahead.B.Makethiscleartochildrenwhenpackingup.C.Pleasekeepintouchwithyourfamilyeveryday.D.Don'tforgettocarryextracashforemergencies.E.It'snecessarytocheckyourcarbeforesettingout.F.Identifythenumberofpeoplewho'llbecomingwithyou.G.Therearevariousthemeparksthatadultsandchildrencanbothenjoy.答案1.G2.F3.D4.A5.B